Wildlife Harvesting and Sustainable Regional Native Economy in the Hudson and James Bay Lowland, Ontario

To assist the Omushkego Cree in planning a community and regional economic development strategy that takes into account the traditional economy, we developed appropriate methodologies to investigate the quantitative importance and economic value of hunting and fishing for the Mushkegowuk region, Hud...

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Published in:ARCTIC
Main Authors: Berkes, F., George, P.J., Preston, R.J., Hughes, A., Turner, J., Cummins, B.D.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: The Arctic Institute of North America 1994
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64363
id ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64363
record_format openpolar
institution Open Polar
collection University of Calgary Journal Hosting
op_collection_id ftunivcalgaryojs
language English
topic Berries
Cree Indians
Economic conditions
Fishing
Food
Hunting
Traditional knowledge
Social surveys
Subsistence
Sustainable economic development
Trapping
Wood fuel
James Bay region
Ontario
Hudson Bay region
Moose Factory
Fort Severn
Moosonee
Fort Albany
Kashechewan
Attawapiskat
Peawanuck
spellingShingle Berries
Cree Indians
Economic conditions
Fishing
Food
Hunting
Traditional knowledge
Social surveys
Subsistence
Sustainable economic development
Trapping
Wood fuel
James Bay region
Ontario
Hudson Bay region
Moose Factory
Fort Severn
Moosonee
Fort Albany
Kashechewan
Attawapiskat
Peawanuck
Berkes, F.
George, P.J.
Preston, R.J.
Hughes, A.
Turner, J.
Cummins, B.D.
Wildlife Harvesting and Sustainable Regional Native Economy in the Hudson and James Bay Lowland, Ontario
topic_facet Berries
Cree Indians
Economic conditions
Fishing
Food
Hunting
Traditional knowledge
Social surveys
Subsistence
Sustainable economic development
Trapping
Wood fuel
James Bay region
Ontario
Hudson Bay region
Moose Factory
Fort Severn
Moosonee
Fort Albany
Kashechewan
Attawapiskat
Peawanuck
description To assist the Omushkego Cree in planning a community and regional economic development strategy that takes into account the traditional economy, we developed appropriate methodologies to investigate the quantitative importance and economic value of hunting and fishing for the Mushkegowuk region, Hudson and James Bay Lowland. Harvests of wildlife by the 6500 aboriginal residents of eight communities - Moose Factory, Moosonee, New Post, Fort Albany, Kashechewan, Attawapiskat, Peawanuck and Fort Severn - were estimated by means of a questionnaire study. A total of 925 persons were interviewed for 56% coverage in a stratified sampling design. Four species (moose, Canada goose, caribou, lesser snow goose) accounted for about two-thirds of the 1990 bush food harvest of 687 000 kg, the equivalent of 402 g meat or 97 g protein per adult per day. The replacement value of the bush food harvested in the region was about $7.8 million in 1990. Including other products of the land (fur, fuelwood, berries), the total value of the traditional economy, $9.4 million for the region or $8400 per household per year, was about one-third as large as the total cash economy. The results show that the traditional economy is a cornerstone of the regional mixed economy, and that such a mixed economy may persist as a culturally and environmentally sustainable base for the region.Key words: Hudson Bay and James Bay Lowland, Canadian subarctic, Cree, sustainable development, subsistence, wildlife, fisheries Dans le but d'aider les Cris Omushkego à planifier une stratégie de développement économique communautaire et régional qui tienne compte de l'économie traditionnelle, on a mis au point des méthodologies appropriées permettant d'enquêter sur l'importance quantitative et sur la valeur économique de la chasse et de la pêche pour la région de Mushkegowuk, dans les basses-terres de la baie d'Hudson et de la baie James. Une étude faite à l'aide d'un sondage a permis d'évaluer le nombre de prises d'animaux par les 6500 autochtones habitant les huit communautés de Moose Factory, Moosonee, New Post, Fort Albany, Kashechewan, Attawapiskat, Peawanuck et Fort Severn. Un total de 925 personnes ont été interviewées formant 56 p. cent d'un plan d'échantillonnage stratifié. Quatre espèces (l'orignal, la bernache du Canada, le caribou et la petite oie blanche) comptaient pour environ les deux tiers des prises provenant de la nature au cours de l'année 90. Le poids de ces prises était de 687 000 kg, soit l'équivalent quotidien de 402 g de viande ou de 97 g de protéine par adulte. La valeur de remplacement de la nourriture tirée de la nature dans la région était d'environ 7,8 millions de dollars en 1990. Si l'on inclut les autres produits de la nature (fourrure, bois de feu, baies), la valeur totale de l'économie traditionnelle - 9,4 millions de dollars pour la région ou 8400 dollars annuels par foyer - équivalait à environ un tiers de l'économie monétaire totale. Les résultats montrent que l'économie traditionnelle est un pilier de l'économie mixte régionale et que cette dernière peut persister en tant qu'assise durable sur le plan culturel et environnemental pour la région.Mots clés: basses-terres de la baie d’Hudson et de la baie James, subarctique canadien, Cris, développement durable, subsistance, faune, pêcheries
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Berkes, F.
George, P.J.
Preston, R.J.
Hughes, A.
Turner, J.
Cummins, B.D.
author_facet Berkes, F.
George, P.J.
Preston, R.J.
Hughes, A.
Turner, J.
Cummins, B.D.
author_sort Berkes, F.
title Wildlife Harvesting and Sustainable Regional Native Economy in the Hudson and James Bay Lowland, Ontario
title_short Wildlife Harvesting and Sustainable Regional Native Economy in the Hudson and James Bay Lowland, Ontario
title_full Wildlife Harvesting and Sustainable Regional Native Economy in the Hudson and James Bay Lowland, Ontario
title_fullStr Wildlife Harvesting and Sustainable Regional Native Economy in the Hudson and James Bay Lowland, Ontario
title_full_unstemmed Wildlife Harvesting and Sustainable Regional Native Economy in the Hudson and James Bay Lowland, Ontario
title_sort wildlife harvesting and sustainable regional native economy in the hudson and james bay lowland, ontario
publisher The Arctic Institute of North America
publishDate 1994
url https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64363
long_lat ENVELOPE(-82.417,-82.417,52.928,52.928)
ENVELOPE(-78.666,-78.666,58.417,58.417)
ENVELOPE(-80.500,-80.500,53.500,53.500)
ENVELOPE(-74.999,-74.999,58.500,58.500)
ENVELOPE(140.018,140.018,-66.663,-66.663)
ENVELOPE(-81.667,-81.667,52.200,52.200)
ENVELOPE(-87.633,-87.633,55.984,55.984)
ENVELOPE(-81.640,-81.640,52.291,52.291)
ENVELOPE(-80.616,-80.616,51.267,51.267)
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geographic Attawapiskat
Baie d'Hudson
Baie James
Baie-d'Hudson
Blanche
Canada
Fort Albany
Fort Severn
Hudson
Hudson Bay
Kashechewan
Moose Factory
Peawanuck
geographic_facet Attawapiskat
Baie d'Hudson
Baie James
Baie-d'Hudson
Blanche
Canada
Fort Albany
Fort Severn
Hudson
Hudson Bay
Kashechewan
Moose Factory
Peawanuck
genre Arctic
Attawapiskat
Baie d'Hudson
Bernache du Canada
Canada Goose
Cree indians
Fort Severn
Hudson Bay
Moosonee
Peawanuck
Subarctic
subarctique*
Cris
James Bay
genre_facet Arctic
Attawapiskat
Baie d'Hudson
Bernache du Canada
Canada Goose
Cree indians
Fort Severn
Hudson Bay
Moosonee
Peawanuck
Subarctic
subarctique*
Cris
James Bay
op_source ARCTIC; Vol. 47 No. 4 (1994): December: 321– 420; 350-360
1923-1245
0004-0843
op_relation https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64363/48298
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64363
container_title ARCTIC
container_volume 47
container_issue 4
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spelling ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64363 2023-05-15T14:19:11+02:00 Wildlife Harvesting and Sustainable Regional Native Economy in the Hudson and James Bay Lowland, Ontario Berkes, F. George, P.J. Preston, R.J. Hughes, A. Turner, J. Cummins, B.D. 1994-01-01 application/pdf https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64363 eng eng The Arctic Institute of North America https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64363/48298 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64363 ARCTIC; Vol. 47 No. 4 (1994): December: 321– 420; 350-360 1923-1245 0004-0843 Berries Cree Indians Economic conditions Fishing Food Hunting Traditional knowledge Social surveys Subsistence Sustainable economic development Trapping Wood fuel James Bay region Ontario Hudson Bay region Moose Factory Fort Severn Moosonee Fort Albany Kashechewan Attawapiskat Peawanuck info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 1994 ftunivcalgaryojs 2022-03-22T21:21:32Z To assist the Omushkego Cree in planning a community and regional economic development strategy that takes into account the traditional economy, we developed appropriate methodologies to investigate the quantitative importance and economic value of hunting and fishing for the Mushkegowuk region, Hudson and James Bay Lowland. Harvests of wildlife by the 6500 aboriginal residents of eight communities - Moose Factory, Moosonee, New Post, Fort Albany, Kashechewan, Attawapiskat, Peawanuck and Fort Severn - were estimated by means of a questionnaire study. A total of 925 persons were interviewed for 56% coverage in a stratified sampling design. Four species (moose, Canada goose, caribou, lesser snow goose) accounted for about two-thirds of the 1990 bush food harvest of 687 000 kg, the equivalent of 402 g meat or 97 g protein per adult per day. The replacement value of the bush food harvested in the region was about $7.8 million in 1990. Including other products of the land (fur, fuelwood, berries), the total value of the traditional economy, $9.4 million for the region or $8400 per household per year, was about one-third as large as the total cash economy. The results show that the traditional economy is a cornerstone of the regional mixed economy, and that such a mixed economy may persist as a culturally and environmentally sustainable base for the region.Key words: Hudson Bay and James Bay Lowland, Canadian subarctic, Cree, sustainable development, subsistence, wildlife, fisheries Dans le but d'aider les Cris Omushkego à planifier une stratégie de développement économique communautaire et régional qui tienne compte de l'économie traditionnelle, on a mis au point des méthodologies appropriées permettant d'enquêter sur l'importance quantitative et sur la valeur économique de la chasse et de la pêche pour la région de Mushkegowuk, dans les basses-terres de la baie d'Hudson et de la baie James. Une étude faite à l'aide d'un sondage a permis d'évaluer le nombre de prises d'animaux par les 6500 autochtones habitant les huit communautés de Moose Factory, Moosonee, New Post, Fort Albany, Kashechewan, Attawapiskat, Peawanuck et Fort Severn. Un total de 925 personnes ont été interviewées formant 56 p. cent d'un plan d'échantillonnage stratifié. Quatre espèces (l'orignal, la bernache du Canada, le caribou et la petite oie blanche) comptaient pour environ les deux tiers des prises provenant de la nature au cours de l'année 90. Le poids de ces prises était de 687 000 kg, soit l'équivalent quotidien de 402 g de viande ou de 97 g de protéine par adulte. La valeur de remplacement de la nourriture tirée de la nature dans la région était d'environ 7,8 millions de dollars en 1990. Si l'on inclut les autres produits de la nature (fourrure, bois de feu, baies), la valeur totale de l'économie traditionnelle - 9,4 millions de dollars pour la région ou 8400 dollars annuels par foyer - équivalait à environ un tiers de l'économie monétaire totale. Les résultats montrent que l'économie traditionnelle est un pilier de l'économie mixte régionale et que cette dernière peut persister en tant qu'assise durable sur le plan culturel et environnemental pour la région.Mots clés: basses-terres de la baie d’Hudson et de la baie James, subarctique canadien, Cris, développement durable, subsistance, faune, pêcheries Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Attawapiskat Baie d'Hudson Bernache du Canada Canada Goose Cree indians Fort Severn Hudson Bay Moosonee Peawanuck Subarctic subarctique* Cris James Bay University of Calgary Journal Hosting Attawapiskat ENVELOPE(-82.417,-82.417,52.928,52.928) Baie d'Hudson ENVELOPE(-78.666,-78.666,58.417,58.417) Baie James ENVELOPE(-80.500,-80.500,53.500,53.500) Baie-d'Hudson ENVELOPE(-74.999,-74.999,58.500,58.500) Blanche ENVELOPE(140.018,140.018,-66.663,-66.663) Canada Fort Albany ENVELOPE(-81.667,-81.667,52.200,52.200) Fort Severn ENVELOPE(-87.633,-87.633,55.984,55.984) Hudson Hudson Bay Kashechewan ENVELOPE(-81.640,-81.640,52.291,52.291) Moose Factory ENVELOPE(-80.616,-80.616,51.267,51.267) Peawanuck ENVELOPE(-85.415,-85.415,55.019,55.019) ARCTIC 47 4