Colonies of Northern Fulmars and Black-legged Kittiwakes Associated with the Northeast Water Polynya, Northeast Greenland

The first census of cliff-nesting seabirds dependent on the resources of the Northeast Water polynya was carried out in 1993. We made direct counts in six known colonies of the northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis) and used a combination of direct and photo counts in one colony of black-legged kittiw...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ARCTIC
Main Authors: Falk, Knud, Møller, Søren
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: The Arctic Institute of North America 1995
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Online Access:https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64296
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Summary:The first census of cliff-nesting seabirds dependent on the resources of the Northeast Water polynya was carried out in 1993. We made direct counts in six known colonies of the northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis) and used a combination of direct and photo counts in one colony of black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla). Glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) occurring at these colonies were also surveyed. A total of 1887 apparently occupied fulmar sites were counted, and a subjective attempt to correct for missed sites gave a total of 2550 apparently occupied sites, in which an estimated 1475 pairs laid eggs. The cliffs at Mallemukfjeld and a neighbouring unnamed cliff held 80% of the fulmar sites. Kittiwakes nested only at Mallemukfjeld, which held 873 apparently occupied sites in which an estimated 733 pairs initiated laying. The minimum glaucous gull population present in the six fulmar colonies was estimated at 22 occupied sites. The fulmar and kittiwake colonies at the Northeast Water polynya were larger than previously assumed. We present estimates based on daily variation in colony attendance of the effort required to detect annual differences in population size. There is now a basis for evaluating any future population changes in some of the most extreme high-arctic seabird populations.Key words: northern fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis, black-legged kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla, seabirds, population monitoring, polynya, high Arctic, Greenland On a effectué en 1993 le premier recensement des oiseaux marins nichant dans des falaises, qui dépendent des ressources de la polynie des eaux du Nord-Est. On a fait un comptage direct dans six colonies connues de fulmars boréaux (Fulmarus glacialis) et utilisé une combinaison de comptage direct et photographique dans une colonie de mouettes tridactyles (Rissa tridactyla). On a aussi relevé les goélands bourgmestres (Larus hyperboreus) présents dans ces colonies. On a compté un total de 1887 sites de fulmars apparemment occupés, et obtenu, en faisant une correction subjective pour les sites manqués, un total de 2550 sites apparemment occupés, où l'on estime que 1475 paires avaient pondu des oeufs. Les falaises de Mallemukfjeld et une falaise voisine innomée contenaient 80 p. cent des sites de fulmars. Les mouettes nichaient seulement à Mallemukfjeld, où se trouvaient 873 sites apparemment occupés dans lesquels on estime que 733 paires avaient commencé à pondre. La population minimale de goélands bourgmestres présente dans les six colonies de fulmars a été estimée à 22 sites occupés. Les colonies de fulmars et de mouettes de la polynie des eaux du Nord-Est étaient plus importantes qu'on l'avait supposé. On présente des estimations de l'effort requis pour détecter les différences annuelles de population, d'après les variations quotidiennes de présence dans les colonies. Il existe maintenant une base permettant d'évaluer tout changement futur de population dans certaines des populations les plus reculées d'oiseaux marins de l'Extrême-Arctique.Mots clés: fulmar boréal, Fulmarus glacialis, mouette tridactyle, Rissa tridactyla, oiseaux marins, surveillance de la population, polynie, Extrême-Arctique, Groenland