The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada
The Mackenzie River Delta (MRD) is used as a case study for evaluating the extent to which flocculation may play an important role in the transport of sediment and associated contaminants in arctic regions. Samples were collected for nondestructive analysis of particle/floc size, major ions, particu...
Published in: | ARCTIC |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
The Arctic Institute of North America
1998
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112 |
id |
ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64112 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64112 2023-05-15T14:19:09+02:00 The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada Droppo, I.G. Jeffries, D.S. Jaskot, C. Backus, S.M. 1998-01-01 application/pdf https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112 eng eng The Arctic Institute of North America https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112/48047 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112 ARCTIC; Vol. 51 No. 2 (1998): June: 85–199; 155-164 1923-1245 0004-0843 flocculation suspended sediment grain-size distribution bacteria transport floculation solides en suspension distribution granulométrique bactéries info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 1998 ftunivcalgaryojs 2022-03-22T21:21:19Z The Mackenzie River Delta (MRD) is used as a case study for evaluating the extent to which flocculation may play an important role in the transport of sediment and associated contaminants in arctic regions. Samples were collected for nondestructive analysis of particle/floc size, major ions, particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), bacterial counts, and suspended solid (SS) concentrations. On-site measurements were made for pH, conductivity, and temperature. Results indicate that the dominant form of sediment transport to and within the MRD is flocs, and not traditionally sized primary particles. It is shown that the flocs of the Mackenzie Delta are at times larger in size than those in southern Ontario rivers that have been studied. The sediment distributions were bimodal in nature; the particle-deficient zone potentially represented a preferential particle size for flocculation. Spatial and temporal trends in the grain-size distributions suggest site-specific controlling factors of flocculation, such as source area and sediment characteristics. It is hypothesized that water temperature, suspended solid concentration, and bacteria are the important factors in controlling flocculation within the Delta. Le delta du Mackenzie (DM) sert d'étude de cas pour déterminer l'importance du rôle que peut jouer la floculation dans le transport des sédiments et contaminants connexes dans les régions arctiques. On a recueilli des échantillons pour analyse non destructive de la taille des particules/flocons, des ions majeurs, du carbone organique particulaire (COP), du carbone organique dissous (COD), de la numération bactérienne et des concentrations solides en suspension. Les mesures du pH, de la conductivité et de la température ont été faites sur le terrain. Les résultats indiquent que le transport solide en amont et à l'intérieur du DM s'opère principalement sous forme de flocons et non sous la forme de particules élémentaires calibrées de façon traditionnelle. On montre que les flocons du delta sont parfois plus gros que ceux des cours d'eau du sud de l'Ontario qui ont déjà fait l'objet d'une étude. La distribution des sédiments était de nature bimodale: la zone déficitaire en particules représentait potentiellement une grosseur de particules propice à la floculation. Des tendances spatiales et temporelles dans la distribution granulométrique suggèrent l'existence de facteurs de contrôle de la floculation qui sont spécifiques à certains sites, tels que la source d'origine et les caractéristiques des sédiments. On émet l'hypothèse que la température de l'eau, la concentration des matières solides en suspension et les bactéries sont les facteurs principaux qui contrôlent la floculation dans le delta. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctique* Mackenzie Delta Mackenzie river Northwest Territories University of Calgary Journal Hosting Arctic Canada Mackenzie Delta ENVELOPE(-136.672,-136.672,68.833,68.833) Mackenzie River Northwest Territories ARCTIC 51 2 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Calgary Journal Hosting |
op_collection_id |
ftunivcalgaryojs |
language |
English |
topic |
flocculation suspended sediment grain-size distribution bacteria transport floculation solides en suspension distribution granulométrique bactéries |
spellingShingle |
flocculation suspended sediment grain-size distribution bacteria transport floculation solides en suspension distribution granulométrique bactéries Droppo, I.G. Jeffries, D.S. Jaskot, C. Backus, S.M. The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada |
topic_facet |
flocculation suspended sediment grain-size distribution bacteria transport floculation solides en suspension distribution granulométrique bactéries |
description |
The Mackenzie River Delta (MRD) is used as a case study for evaluating the extent to which flocculation may play an important role in the transport of sediment and associated contaminants in arctic regions. Samples were collected for nondestructive analysis of particle/floc size, major ions, particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), bacterial counts, and suspended solid (SS) concentrations. On-site measurements were made for pH, conductivity, and temperature. Results indicate that the dominant form of sediment transport to and within the MRD is flocs, and not traditionally sized primary particles. It is shown that the flocs of the Mackenzie Delta are at times larger in size than those in southern Ontario rivers that have been studied. The sediment distributions were bimodal in nature; the particle-deficient zone potentially represented a preferential particle size for flocculation. Spatial and temporal trends in the grain-size distributions suggest site-specific controlling factors of flocculation, such as source area and sediment characteristics. It is hypothesized that water temperature, suspended solid concentration, and bacteria are the important factors in controlling flocculation within the Delta. Le delta du Mackenzie (DM) sert d'étude de cas pour déterminer l'importance du rôle que peut jouer la floculation dans le transport des sédiments et contaminants connexes dans les régions arctiques. On a recueilli des échantillons pour analyse non destructive de la taille des particules/flocons, des ions majeurs, du carbone organique particulaire (COP), du carbone organique dissous (COD), de la numération bactérienne et des concentrations solides en suspension. Les mesures du pH, de la conductivité et de la température ont été faites sur le terrain. Les résultats indiquent que le transport solide en amont et à l'intérieur du DM s'opère principalement sous forme de flocons et non sous la forme de particules élémentaires calibrées de façon traditionnelle. On montre que les flocons du delta sont parfois plus gros que ceux des cours d'eau du sud de l'Ontario qui ont déjà fait l'objet d'une étude. La distribution des sédiments était de nature bimodale: la zone déficitaire en particules représentait potentiellement une grosseur de particules propice à la floculation. Des tendances spatiales et temporelles dans la distribution granulométrique suggèrent l'existence de facteurs de contrôle de la floculation qui sont spécifiques à certains sites, tels que la source d'origine et les caractéristiques des sédiments. On émet l'hypothèse que la température de l'eau, la concentration des matières solides en suspension et les bactéries sont les facteurs principaux qui contrôlent la floculation dans le delta. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Droppo, I.G. Jeffries, D.S. Jaskot, C. Backus, S.M. |
author_facet |
Droppo, I.G. Jeffries, D.S. Jaskot, C. Backus, S.M. |
author_sort |
Droppo, I.G. |
title |
The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada |
title_short |
The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada |
title_full |
The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada |
title_fullStr |
The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada |
title_sort |
prevalence of freshwater flocculation in cold regions: a case study from the mackenzie river delta, northwest territories, canada |
publisher |
The Arctic Institute of North America |
publishDate |
1998 |
url |
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-136.672,-136.672,68.833,68.833) |
geographic |
Arctic Canada Mackenzie Delta Mackenzie River Northwest Territories |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Canada Mackenzie Delta Mackenzie River Northwest Territories |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arctique* Mackenzie Delta Mackenzie river Northwest Territories |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arctique* Mackenzie Delta Mackenzie river Northwest Territories |
op_source |
ARCTIC; Vol. 51 No. 2 (1998): June: 85–199; 155-164 1923-1245 0004-0843 |
op_relation |
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112/48047 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112 |
container_title |
ARCTIC |
container_volume |
51 |
container_issue |
2 |
_version_ |
1766290731618533376 |