The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada

The Mackenzie River Delta (MRD) is used as a case study for evaluating the extent to which flocculation may play an important role in the transport of sediment and associated contaminants in arctic regions. Samples were collected for nondestructive analysis of particle/floc size, major ions, particu...

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Published in:ARCTIC
Main Authors: Droppo, I.G., Jeffries, D.S., Jaskot, C., Backus, S.M.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: The Arctic Institute of North America 1998
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112
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spelling ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64112 2023-05-15T14:19:09+02:00 The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada Droppo, I.G. Jeffries, D.S. Jaskot, C. Backus, S.M. 1998-01-01 application/pdf https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112 eng eng The Arctic Institute of North America https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112/48047 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112 ARCTIC; Vol. 51 No. 2 (1998): June: 85–199; 155-164 1923-1245 0004-0843 flocculation suspended sediment grain-size distribution bacteria transport floculation solides en suspension distribution granulométrique bactéries info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 1998 ftunivcalgaryojs 2022-03-22T21:21:19Z The Mackenzie River Delta (MRD) is used as a case study for evaluating the extent to which flocculation may play an important role in the transport of sediment and associated contaminants in arctic regions. Samples were collected for nondestructive analysis of particle/floc size, major ions, particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), bacterial counts, and suspended solid (SS) concentrations. On-site measurements were made for pH, conductivity, and temperature. Results indicate that the dominant form of sediment transport to and within the MRD is flocs, and not traditionally sized primary particles. It is shown that the flocs of the Mackenzie Delta are at times larger in size than those in southern Ontario rivers that have been studied. The sediment distributions were bimodal in nature; the particle-deficient zone potentially represented a preferential particle size for flocculation. Spatial and temporal trends in the grain-size distributions suggest site-specific controlling factors of flocculation, such as source area and sediment characteristics. It is hypothesized that water temperature, suspended solid concentration, and bacteria are the important factors in controlling flocculation within the Delta. Le delta du Mackenzie (DM) sert d'étude de cas pour déterminer l'importance du rôle que peut jouer la floculation dans le transport des sédiments et contaminants connexes dans les régions arctiques. On a recueilli des échantillons pour analyse non destructive de la taille des particules/flocons, des ions majeurs, du carbone organique particulaire (COP), du carbone organique dissous (COD), de la numération bactérienne et des concentrations solides en suspension. Les mesures du pH, de la conductivité et de la température ont été faites sur le terrain. Les résultats indiquent que le transport solide en amont et à l'intérieur du DM s'opère principalement sous forme de flocons et non sous la forme de particules élémentaires calibrées de façon traditionnelle. On montre que les flocons du delta sont parfois plus gros que ceux des cours d'eau du sud de l'Ontario qui ont déjà fait l'objet d'une étude. La distribution des sédiments était de nature bimodale: la zone déficitaire en particules représentait potentiellement une grosseur de particules propice à la floculation. Des tendances spatiales et temporelles dans la distribution granulométrique suggèrent l'existence de facteurs de contrôle de la floculation qui sont spécifiques à certains sites, tels que la source d'origine et les caractéristiques des sédiments. On émet l'hypothèse que la température de l'eau, la concentration des matières solides en suspension et les bactéries sont les facteurs principaux qui contrôlent la floculation dans le delta. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctique* Mackenzie Delta Mackenzie river Northwest Territories University of Calgary Journal Hosting Arctic Canada Mackenzie Delta ENVELOPE(-136.672,-136.672,68.833,68.833) Mackenzie River Northwest Territories ARCTIC 51 2
institution Open Polar
collection University of Calgary Journal Hosting
op_collection_id ftunivcalgaryojs
language English
topic flocculation
suspended sediment
grain-size distribution
bacteria
transport
floculation
solides en suspension
distribution granulométrique
bactéries
spellingShingle flocculation
suspended sediment
grain-size distribution
bacteria
transport
floculation
solides en suspension
distribution granulométrique
bactéries
Droppo, I.G.
Jeffries, D.S.
Jaskot, C.
Backus, S.M.
The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada
topic_facet flocculation
suspended sediment
grain-size distribution
bacteria
transport
floculation
solides en suspension
distribution granulométrique
bactéries
description The Mackenzie River Delta (MRD) is used as a case study for evaluating the extent to which flocculation may play an important role in the transport of sediment and associated contaminants in arctic regions. Samples were collected for nondestructive analysis of particle/floc size, major ions, particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), bacterial counts, and suspended solid (SS) concentrations. On-site measurements were made for pH, conductivity, and temperature. Results indicate that the dominant form of sediment transport to and within the MRD is flocs, and not traditionally sized primary particles. It is shown that the flocs of the Mackenzie Delta are at times larger in size than those in southern Ontario rivers that have been studied. The sediment distributions were bimodal in nature; the particle-deficient zone potentially represented a preferential particle size for flocculation. Spatial and temporal trends in the grain-size distributions suggest site-specific controlling factors of flocculation, such as source area and sediment characteristics. It is hypothesized that water temperature, suspended solid concentration, and bacteria are the important factors in controlling flocculation within the Delta. Le delta du Mackenzie (DM) sert d'étude de cas pour déterminer l'importance du rôle que peut jouer la floculation dans le transport des sédiments et contaminants connexes dans les régions arctiques. On a recueilli des échantillons pour analyse non destructive de la taille des particules/flocons, des ions majeurs, du carbone organique particulaire (COP), du carbone organique dissous (COD), de la numération bactérienne et des concentrations solides en suspension. Les mesures du pH, de la conductivité et de la température ont été faites sur le terrain. Les résultats indiquent que le transport solide en amont et à l'intérieur du DM s'opère principalement sous forme de flocons et non sous la forme de particules élémentaires calibrées de façon traditionnelle. On montre que les flocons du delta sont parfois plus gros que ceux des cours d'eau du sud de l'Ontario qui ont déjà fait l'objet d'une étude. La distribution des sédiments était de nature bimodale: la zone déficitaire en particules représentait potentiellement une grosseur de particules propice à la floculation. Des tendances spatiales et temporelles dans la distribution granulométrique suggèrent l'existence de facteurs de contrôle de la floculation qui sont spécifiques à certains sites, tels que la source d'origine et les caractéristiques des sédiments. On émet l'hypothèse que la température de l'eau, la concentration des matières solides en suspension et les bactéries sont les facteurs principaux qui contrôlent la floculation dans le delta.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Droppo, I.G.
Jeffries, D.S.
Jaskot, C.
Backus, S.M.
author_facet Droppo, I.G.
Jeffries, D.S.
Jaskot, C.
Backus, S.M.
author_sort Droppo, I.G.
title The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada
title_short The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada
title_full The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada
title_fullStr The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada
title_full_unstemmed The Prevalence of Freshwater Flocculation in Cold Regions: A Case Study from the Mackenzie River Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada
title_sort prevalence of freshwater flocculation in cold regions: a case study from the mackenzie river delta, northwest territories, canada
publisher The Arctic Institute of North America
publishDate 1998
url https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112
long_lat ENVELOPE(-136.672,-136.672,68.833,68.833)
geographic Arctic
Canada
Mackenzie Delta
Mackenzie River
Northwest Territories
geographic_facet Arctic
Canada
Mackenzie Delta
Mackenzie River
Northwest Territories
genre Arctic
Arctic
Arctique*
Mackenzie Delta
Mackenzie river
Northwest Territories
genre_facet Arctic
Arctic
Arctique*
Mackenzie Delta
Mackenzie river
Northwest Territories
op_source ARCTIC; Vol. 51 No. 2 (1998): June: 85–199; 155-164
1923-1245
0004-0843
op_relation https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112/48047
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64112
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