Determining the Geographic Distribution of Filarioid Nematodes in Caribou in Canada
The caribou (Rangifer tarandus sspp.) is a keystone wildlife species in northern ecosystems that plays a central role in the lives of the Indigenous People as a cultural and spiritual icon. The Arctic is currently experiencing unpredictable changes due to various factors, including climate change, a...
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ftunivcalgary:oai:prism.ucalgary.ca:1880/117569 2023-12-17T10:25:24+01:00 Determining the Geographic Distribution of Filarioid Nematodes in Caribou in Canada Mariyam Thomas, Aparna Kutz, Susan J. Melin, Amanda Dawn Soghigian, John Steven Verocai, Guilherme Gomes Buret, Andre G. 2023-11-16 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/1880/117569 en eng Graduate Studies University of Calgary Mariyam Thomas, A. (2023). Determining the geographic distribution of filarioid nematodes in caribou in Canada (Master's thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada). Retrieved from https://prism.ucalgary.ca. https://hdl.handle.net/1880/117569 University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Filarioid Nematode Rangifer tarandus Setaria yehi Onchocerca cervipedis ddPCR Canadian Arctic Caribou Vectorborne parasites Climate change Parasitology Veterinary Science master thesis 2023 ftunivcalgary 2023-11-19T18:44:20Z The caribou (Rangifer tarandus sspp.) is a keystone wildlife species in northern ecosystems that plays a central role in the lives of the Indigenous People as a cultural and spiritual icon. The Arctic is currently experiencing unpredictable changes due to various factors, including climate change, and warming temperatures and change in precipitation in the Arctic facilitate the transmission of arthropod-borne parasites. Caribou are hosts to several vector-borne parasites, which includes protozoans such as Babesia odocoilei and Besnoitia tarandi, and filarioid nematodes of the genus Setaria, Onchocerca, and Rumenfilaria. Some caribou populations are declining as a result of rapidly changing climate and multiple stressors, including these vector-borne parasites. Filarioids are an important cause of morbidity, and occasional mortality in Rangifer in Fennoscandia. However, the ecology and epidemiology of these parasites in caribou in North America, including Canada is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the parasitic diversity and geographic distribution of filarioid nematodes in three Canadian designatable units (DU) of caribou, representing Barrenground, Boreal Woodland and Dolphin & Union Caribou from Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Newfoundland & Labrador. Genomic DNA extracted from 768 blood samples was screened using real-time PCR. The positive samples were Sanger sequenced to identify the parasite present. Based on the sequencing results, we identified Setaria yehi and Onchocerca cervipedis s.l. I then standardized a TaqMan probe based duplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) protocol for the simultaneous detection of S. yehi and O. cervipedis s.l. I adopted a conservative approach for ddPCR to make the technique time- and cost-effective. Out of 768 samples, 136 samples were screened using ddPCR. Based on real-time PCR results, 8/768 samples were positive. Setaria yehi and O. cervipedis s.l. were present in 4 separate samples (0.5%) each. Using ddPCR, 60/136 samples were positive ... Master Thesis Arctic Climate change Fennoscandia Newfoundland Northwest Territories Nunavut Rangifer tarandus PRISM - University of Calgary Digital Repository Arctic Newfoundland Nunavut Northwest Territories Canada |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PRISM - University of Calgary Digital Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivcalgary |
language |
English |
topic |
Filarioid Nematode Rangifer tarandus Setaria yehi Onchocerca cervipedis ddPCR Canadian Arctic Caribou Vectorborne parasites Climate change Parasitology Veterinary Science |
spellingShingle |
Filarioid Nematode Rangifer tarandus Setaria yehi Onchocerca cervipedis ddPCR Canadian Arctic Caribou Vectorborne parasites Climate change Parasitology Veterinary Science Mariyam Thomas, Aparna Determining the Geographic Distribution of Filarioid Nematodes in Caribou in Canada |
topic_facet |
Filarioid Nematode Rangifer tarandus Setaria yehi Onchocerca cervipedis ddPCR Canadian Arctic Caribou Vectorborne parasites Climate change Parasitology Veterinary Science |
description |
The caribou (Rangifer tarandus sspp.) is a keystone wildlife species in northern ecosystems that plays a central role in the lives of the Indigenous People as a cultural and spiritual icon. The Arctic is currently experiencing unpredictable changes due to various factors, including climate change, and warming temperatures and change in precipitation in the Arctic facilitate the transmission of arthropod-borne parasites. Caribou are hosts to several vector-borne parasites, which includes protozoans such as Babesia odocoilei and Besnoitia tarandi, and filarioid nematodes of the genus Setaria, Onchocerca, and Rumenfilaria. Some caribou populations are declining as a result of rapidly changing climate and multiple stressors, including these vector-borne parasites. Filarioids are an important cause of morbidity, and occasional mortality in Rangifer in Fennoscandia. However, the ecology and epidemiology of these parasites in caribou in North America, including Canada is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the parasitic diversity and geographic distribution of filarioid nematodes in three Canadian designatable units (DU) of caribou, representing Barrenground, Boreal Woodland and Dolphin & Union Caribou from Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Newfoundland & Labrador. Genomic DNA extracted from 768 blood samples was screened using real-time PCR. The positive samples were Sanger sequenced to identify the parasite present. Based on the sequencing results, we identified Setaria yehi and Onchocerca cervipedis s.l. I then standardized a TaqMan probe based duplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) protocol for the simultaneous detection of S. yehi and O. cervipedis s.l. I adopted a conservative approach for ddPCR to make the technique time- and cost-effective. Out of 768 samples, 136 samples were screened using ddPCR. Based on real-time PCR results, 8/768 samples were positive. Setaria yehi and O. cervipedis s.l. were present in 4 separate samples (0.5%) each. Using ddPCR, 60/136 samples were positive ... |
author2 |
Kutz, Susan J. Melin, Amanda Dawn Soghigian, John Steven Verocai, Guilherme Gomes Buret, Andre G. |
format |
Master Thesis |
author |
Mariyam Thomas, Aparna |
author_facet |
Mariyam Thomas, Aparna |
author_sort |
Mariyam Thomas, Aparna |
title |
Determining the Geographic Distribution of Filarioid Nematodes in Caribou in Canada |
title_short |
Determining the Geographic Distribution of Filarioid Nematodes in Caribou in Canada |
title_full |
Determining the Geographic Distribution of Filarioid Nematodes in Caribou in Canada |
title_fullStr |
Determining the Geographic Distribution of Filarioid Nematodes in Caribou in Canada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Determining the Geographic Distribution of Filarioid Nematodes in Caribou in Canada |
title_sort |
determining the geographic distribution of filarioid nematodes in caribou in canada |
publisher |
Graduate Studies |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1880/117569 |
geographic |
Arctic Newfoundland Nunavut Northwest Territories Canada |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Newfoundland Nunavut Northwest Territories Canada |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Fennoscandia Newfoundland Northwest Territories Nunavut Rangifer tarandus |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Fennoscandia Newfoundland Northwest Territories Nunavut Rangifer tarandus |
op_relation |
Mariyam Thomas, A. (2023). Determining the geographic distribution of filarioid nematodes in caribou in Canada (Master's thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada). Retrieved from https://prism.ucalgary.ca. https://hdl.handle.net/1880/117569 |
op_rights |
University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. |
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