Effects of Seasonal Ice Coverage on the Physical Oceanographic Conditions of the Kitikmeot Sea in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago
The Kitikmeot Sea is a semi-enclosed, east–west waterway in the southern Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA). In the present work, the ice conditions, stratification, and circulation of the Kitikmeot Sea are diagnosed using numerical simulations with a 1/12° resolution. The physical oceanographic cond...
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Taylor and Francis
2021
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1880/113796 https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2021.1965531 |
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ftunivcalgary:oai:prism.ucalgary.ca:1880/113796 2023-08-27T04:06:39+02:00 Effects of Seasonal Ice Coverage on the Physical Oceanographic Conditions of the Kitikmeot Sea in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago Xu, Chengzhu Mikhael, Wahad Myers, Paul G. Else, Brent Sims, Richard P. Zhou, Qi 2021-08-31 application/pdf application/octet-stream http://hdl.handle.net/1880/113796 https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2021.1965531 eng eng Taylor and Francis Civil Engineering Schulich School of Engineering acceptedVersion University of Calgary University of Alberta Department of Fisheries and Oceans https://authorservices.taylorandfrancis.com/research-impact/sharing-versions-of-journal-articles/ Chengzhu Xu, Wahad Mikhael, Paul G. Myers, Brent Else, Richard P. Sims & Qi Zhou (2021) Effects of Seasonal Ice Coverage on the Physical Oceanographic Conditions of the Kitikmeot Sea in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Atmosphere-Ocean, DOI:10.1080/07055900.2021.1965531 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2021.1965531 http://hdl.handle.net/1880/113796 Unless otherwise indicated, this material is protected by copyright and has been made available with authorization from the copyright owner. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. numerical modelling Canadian Arctic Archipelago Kitikmeot Sea seasonal oceanographic conditions journal article 2021 ftunivcalgary https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2021.1965531 2023-08-06T06:32:15Z The Kitikmeot Sea is a semi-enclosed, east–west waterway in the southern Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA). In the present work, the ice conditions, stratification, and circulation of the Kitikmeot Sea are diagnosed using numerical simulations with a 1/12° resolution. The physical oceanographic conditions of the Kitikmeot Sea are different from channels in the northern CAA due to the existence of a substantial ice-free period each year. The consequences of such ice conditions are twofold. First, through fluctuations of external forcings, such as solar radiation and wind stress, acting directly or indirectly on the sea surface, the seasonal ice coverage leads to significant seasonal variations in both stratification and circulation. Our simulation results suggest that such variations include freshening and deepening of the surface layer, in which salinity can reach as low as 15 during the peak runoff season, and significantly stronger along-shore currents driven directly by the wind stress during the ice-free season. The second consequence is that the sea ice is not landfast but can move freely during the melting season. By analyzing the relative importance of thermodynamic (freezing and/or melting) and dynamic (ice movement) processes to the ice dynamics, our simulation results suggest that there is a net inflow of sea ice into the Kitikmeot Sea, which melts locally each summer. The movement of sea ice thus provides a significant freshwater pathway, which contributes approximately 14 km3 yr−1 of fresh water to the Kitikmeot Sea, on average, equivalent to a third of freshwater input from runoff from the land. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Archipelago Arctic Canadian Arctic Archipelago Kitikmeot Sea ice PRISM - University of Calgary Digital Repository Arctic Canadian Arctic Archipelago Atmosphere-Ocean 59 4-5 214 232 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PRISM - University of Calgary Digital Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivcalgary |
language |
English |
topic |
numerical modelling Canadian Arctic Archipelago Kitikmeot Sea seasonal oceanographic conditions |
spellingShingle |
numerical modelling Canadian Arctic Archipelago Kitikmeot Sea seasonal oceanographic conditions Xu, Chengzhu Mikhael, Wahad Myers, Paul G. Else, Brent Sims, Richard P. Zhou, Qi Effects of Seasonal Ice Coverage on the Physical Oceanographic Conditions of the Kitikmeot Sea in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago |
topic_facet |
numerical modelling Canadian Arctic Archipelago Kitikmeot Sea seasonal oceanographic conditions |
description |
The Kitikmeot Sea is a semi-enclosed, east–west waterway in the southern Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA). In the present work, the ice conditions, stratification, and circulation of the Kitikmeot Sea are diagnosed using numerical simulations with a 1/12° resolution. The physical oceanographic conditions of the Kitikmeot Sea are different from channels in the northern CAA due to the existence of a substantial ice-free period each year. The consequences of such ice conditions are twofold. First, through fluctuations of external forcings, such as solar radiation and wind stress, acting directly or indirectly on the sea surface, the seasonal ice coverage leads to significant seasonal variations in both stratification and circulation. Our simulation results suggest that such variations include freshening and deepening of the surface layer, in which salinity can reach as low as 15 during the peak runoff season, and significantly stronger along-shore currents driven directly by the wind stress during the ice-free season. The second consequence is that the sea ice is not landfast but can move freely during the melting season. By analyzing the relative importance of thermodynamic (freezing and/or melting) and dynamic (ice movement) processes to the ice dynamics, our simulation results suggest that there is a net inflow of sea ice into the Kitikmeot Sea, which melts locally each summer. The movement of sea ice thus provides a significant freshwater pathway, which contributes approximately 14 km3 yr−1 of fresh water to the Kitikmeot Sea, on average, equivalent to a third of freshwater input from runoff from the land. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Xu, Chengzhu Mikhael, Wahad Myers, Paul G. Else, Brent Sims, Richard P. Zhou, Qi |
author_facet |
Xu, Chengzhu Mikhael, Wahad Myers, Paul G. Else, Brent Sims, Richard P. Zhou, Qi |
author_sort |
Xu, Chengzhu |
title |
Effects of Seasonal Ice Coverage on the Physical Oceanographic Conditions of the Kitikmeot Sea in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago |
title_short |
Effects of Seasonal Ice Coverage on the Physical Oceanographic Conditions of the Kitikmeot Sea in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago |
title_full |
Effects of Seasonal Ice Coverage on the Physical Oceanographic Conditions of the Kitikmeot Sea in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago |
title_fullStr |
Effects of Seasonal Ice Coverage on the Physical Oceanographic Conditions of the Kitikmeot Sea in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of Seasonal Ice Coverage on the Physical Oceanographic Conditions of the Kitikmeot Sea in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago |
title_sort |
effects of seasonal ice coverage on the physical oceanographic conditions of the kitikmeot sea in the canadian arctic archipelago |
publisher |
Taylor and Francis |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1880/113796 https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2021.1965531 |
geographic |
Arctic Canadian Arctic Archipelago |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Canadian Arctic Archipelago |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Archipelago Arctic Canadian Arctic Archipelago Kitikmeot Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Archipelago Arctic Canadian Arctic Archipelago Kitikmeot Sea ice |
op_relation |
Chengzhu Xu, Wahad Mikhael, Paul G. Myers, Brent Else, Richard P. Sims & Qi Zhou (2021) Effects of Seasonal Ice Coverage on the Physical Oceanographic Conditions of the Kitikmeot Sea in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Atmosphere-Ocean, DOI:10.1080/07055900.2021.1965531 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2021.1965531 http://hdl.handle.net/1880/113796 |
op_rights |
Unless otherwise indicated, this material is protected by copyright and has been made available with authorization from the copyright owner. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2021.1965531 |
container_title |
Atmosphere-Ocean |
container_volume |
59 |
container_issue |
4-5 |
container_start_page |
214 |
op_container_end_page |
232 |
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1775347493510316032 |