The response of wolves, grizzly bears, and elk to human activity on trails and roads
Bibliography: p. 39-49 Some pages are in colour. National parks are important for conservation of species such as wolves (Canis lupus), grizzly bears (Ursus arctos), and elk (Cervus elaphus). However, topographic and anthropogenic features within parks may limit available habitat, however. Human act...
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ftunivcalgary:oai:prism.ucalgary.ca:1880/103889 2023-08-27T04:08:55+02:00 The response of wolves, grizzly bears, and elk to human activity on trails and roads Rogala, J. Kimo Musiani, Marco 2008 ix, 62 leaves : ill. 30 cm. application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1880/103889 https://doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/2888 eng eng Environmental Design University of Calgary Calgary Rogala, J. K. (2008). The response of wolves, grizzly bears, and elk to human activity on trails and roads (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/2888 http://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/2888 http://hdl.handle.net/1880/103889 University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. master thesis 2008 ftunivcalgary https://doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/2888 2023-08-06T06:35:07Z Bibliography: p. 39-49 Some pages are in colour. National parks are important for conservation of species such as wolves (Canis lupus), grizzly bears (Ursus arctos), and elk (Cervus elaphus). However, topographic and anthropogenic features within parks may limit available habitat, however. Human activity on trails and roads may lead to habitat loss, yet research on such impacts to wildlife is incomplete, especially at fine spatial and temporal scales. My research investigated the relationship between wolf, grizzly bear, and elk distribution and human activity using finescale Global Positioning System (GPS) wildlife telemetry locations and hourly human activity on trails and roads in Banff, Kootenay, and Yoho National Parks, Canada. I found wolf and elk distributions changed with increasing human activity levels, while grizzly bear distributions did not. As human activity increased, wolves and elk increasingly selected distances farther away from roads and trails. In particular, in response to increases in human activity, I documented wolf displacement 400 m from trails and 200 m from roads, and elk displacement 800 m from trails. I also observed that the method of displacement varied between wolves and elk in response to increasing human trail activity. In fact, wolves appeared to respond to increasing trail activity by moving from distances <400 m to distances >400 m while elk responded to increasing trail activity by moving to adjacent areas further away and ultimately >800 m. If managers are concerned with human impacts on wolves, grizzly bears, and elk or on these species ' interactions, then managers should monitor and consider hourly changes in human activity levels in areas important to wildlife. Master Thesis Canis lupus Ursus arctos PRISM - University of Calgary Digital Repository Canada |
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PRISM - University of Calgary Digital Repository |
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Bibliography: p. 39-49 Some pages are in colour. National parks are important for conservation of species such as wolves (Canis lupus), grizzly bears (Ursus arctos), and elk (Cervus elaphus). However, topographic and anthropogenic features within parks may limit available habitat, however. Human activity on trails and roads may lead to habitat loss, yet research on such impacts to wildlife is incomplete, especially at fine spatial and temporal scales. My research investigated the relationship between wolf, grizzly bear, and elk distribution and human activity using finescale Global Positioning System (GPS) wildlife telemetry locations and hourly human activity on trails and roads in Banff, Kootenay, and Yoho National Parks, Canada. I found wolf and elk distributions changed with increasing human activity levels, while grizzly bear distributions did not. As human activity increased, wolves and elk increasingly selected distances farther away from roads and trails. In particular, in response to increases in human activity, I documented wolf displacement 400 m from trails and 200 m from roads, and elk displacement 800 m from trails. I also observed that the method of displacement varied between wolves and elk in response to increasing human trail activity. In fact, wolves appeared to respond to increasing trail activity by moving from distances <400 m to distances >400 m while elk responded to increasing trail activity by moving to adjacent areas further away and ultimately >800 m. If managers are concerned with human impacts on wolves, grizzly bears, and elk or on these species ' interactions, then managers should monitor and consider hourly changes in human activity levels in areas important to wildlife. |
author2 |
Musiani, Marco |
format |
Master Thesis |
author |
Rogala, J. Kimo |
spellingShingle |
Rogala, J. Kimo The response of wolves, grizzly bears, and elk to human activity on trails and roads |
author_facet |
Rogala, J. Kimo |
author_sort |
Rogala, J. Kimo |
title |
The response of wolves, grizzly bears, and elk to human activity on trails and roads |
title_short |
The response of wolves, grizzly bears, and elk to human activity on trails and roads |
title_full |
The response of wolves, grizzly bears, and elk to human activity on trails and roads |
title_fullStr |
The response of wolves, grizzly bears, and elk to human activity on trails and roads |
title_full_unstemmed |
The response of wolves, grizzly bears, and elk to human activity on trails and roads |
title_sort |
response of wolves, grizzly bears, and elk to human activity on trails and roads |
publisher |
Environmental Design |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1880/103889 https://doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/2888 |
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Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Canis lupus Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus Ursus arctos |
op_relation |
Rogala, J. K. (2008). The response of wolves, grizzly bears, and elk to human activity on trails and roads (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/2888 http://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/2888 http://hdl.handle.net/1880/103889 |
op_rights |
University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. |
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https://doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/2888 |
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