Study of Dimethyl sulfide, Sulfate Aerosols and Ice Nucleation Particles in the Arctic Summer
Aerosols drive significant radiative forcing and affect Arctic climate. Despite the importance of these aerosols in Arctic climate change, there are some key uncertainties in the estimation of their effects and sources. Size-segregated aerosol, SO2 and precipitation samples were collected on board t...
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ftunivcalgary:oai:prism.ucalgary.ca:11023/3525 2023-08-27T04:06:34+02:00 Study of Dimethyl sulfide, Sulfate Aerosols and Ice Nucleation Particles in the Arctic Summer Ghahremaninezhadgharelar, Roghayeh Norman, Ann-Lise Reuten, Christian Smith, Wendy Lani 2016 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/11023/3525 https://doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/27919 eng eng Graduate Studies University of Calgary Calgary Ghahremaninezhadgharelar, R. (2016). Study of Dimethyl sulfide, Sulfate Aerosols and Ice Nucleation Particles in the Arctic Summer (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/27919 http://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/27919 http://hdl.handle.net/11023/3525 University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Environmental Sciences climate change doctoral thesis 2016 ftunivcalgary https://doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/27919 2023-08-06T06:36:40Z Aerosols drive significant radiative forcing and affect Arctic climate. Despite the importance of these aerosols in Arctic climate change, there are some key uncertainties in the estimation of their effects and sources. Size-segregated aerosol, SO2 and precipitation samples were collected on board the Canadian Coast Guard Ship Amundsen in the Arctic during July 2014, to utilize the isotopic composition of sulfate to address the contribution of anthropogenic, biogenic and sea salt sources in formation/growth of aerosol. More than 63% of the average sulfate concentration in the fine aerosols (<0.49 μm) was from biogenic sources. For most samples, δ34S values for SO2 and fine aerosols were similar, suggesting gas-to-particle conversion. δ34S apportionment for precipitation samples suggested a relatively low contribution of the biogenic sulfate source (14±8%) and high contribution of sea salt (82±10%). Also, the size distribution of ice nucleation particles (INPs) in the immersion mode was determined for solid particles smaller than 0.45 μm and soluble aerosol in the size range of 0.49-7.2 μm. Large particles (3.0-7.2 μm), were more efficient INPs. In addition, vertical distributions of atmospheric dimethyl sulfide were sampled aboard the research aircraft Polar 6 near Lancaster Sound in July 2014 and on pan-Arctic flights in April 2015. Larger mean DMS mixing ratios were present during April 2015 (campaign-mean of 116±8 pptv) than July 2014 (campaign-mean of 20±6 pptv). A strong decrease was observed in DMS mixing ratios with altitude in July 2014. In contrast, DMS mixing ratios sampled in April 2015 exhibited a relatively more uniform campaign-mean vertical profile and increased with altitude on some flights. These results highlight the role of open water below the flight as the source of DMS during July 2014, and the influence of long-range transport of DMS from further afield in the Arctic during April 2015. In general, the high biogenic fraction of sulfate fine aerosol and relatively high DMS mixing ratios ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Arctic Arctic Climate change Lancaster Sound PRISM - University of Calgary Digital Repository Arctic Lancaster Sound ENVELOPE(-83.999,-83.999,74.218,74.218) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PRISM - University of Calgary Digital Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivcalgary |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental Sciences climate change |
spellingShingle |
Environmental Sciences climate change Ghahremaninezhadgharelar, Roghayeh Study of Dimethyl sulfide, Sulfate Aerosols and Ice Nucleation Particles in the Arctic Summer |
topic_facet |
Environmental Sciences climate change |
description |
Aerosols drive significant radiative forcing and affect Arctic climate. Despite the importance of these aerosols in Arctic climate change, there are some key uncertainties in the estimation of their effects and sources. Size-segregated aerosol, SO2 and precipitation samples were collected on board the Canadian Coast Guard Ship Amundsen in the Arctic during July 2014, to utilize the isotopic composition of sulfate to address the contribution of anthropogenic, biogenic and sea salt sources in formation/growth of aerosol. More than 63% of the average sulfate concentration in the fine aerosols (<0.49 μm) was from biogenic sources. For most samples, δ34S values for SO2 and fine aerosols were similar, suggesting gas-to-particle conversion. δ34S apportionment for precipitation samples suggested a relatively low contribution of the biogenic sulfate source (14±8%) and high contribution of sea salt (82±10%). Also, the size distribution of ice nucleation particles (INPs) in the immersion mode was determined for solid particles smaller than 0.45 μm and soluble aerosol in the size range of 0.49-7.2 μm. Large particles (3.0-7.2 μm), were more efficient INPs. In addition, vertical distributions of atmospheric dimethyl sulfide were sampled aboard the research aircraft Polar 6 near Lancaster Sound in July 2014 and on pan-Arctic flights in April 2015. Larger mean DMS mixing ratios were present during April 2015 (campaign-mean of 116±8 pptv) than July 2014 (campaign-mean of 20±6 pptv). A strong decrease was observed in DMS mixing ratios with altitude in July 2014. In contrast, DMS mixing ratios sampled in April 2015 exhibited a relatively more uniform campaign-mean vertical profile and increased with altitude on some flights. These results highlight the role of open water below the flight as the source of DMS during July 2014, and the influence of long-range transport of DMS from further afield in the Arctic during April 2015. In general, the high biogenic fraction of sulfate fine aerosol and relatively high DMS mixing ratios ... |
author2 |
Norman, Ann-Lise Reuten, Christian Smith, Wendy Lani |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Ghahremaninezhadgharelar, Roghayeh |
author_facet |
Ghahremaninezhadgharelar, Roghayeh |
author_sort |
Ghahremaninezhadgharelar, Roghayeh |
title |
Study of Dimethyl sulfide, Sulfate Aerosols and Ice Nucleation Particles in the Arctic Summer |
title_short |
Study of Dimethyl sulfide, Sulfate Aerosols and Ice Nucleation Particles in the Arctic Summer |
title_full |
Study of Dimethyl sulfide, Sulfate Aerosols and Ice Nucleation Particles in the Arctic Summer |
title_fullStr |
Study of Dimethyl sulfide, Sulfate Aerosols and Ice Nucleation Particles in the Arctic Summer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Study of Dimethyl sulfide, Sulfate Aerosols and Ice Nucleation Particles in the Arctic Summer |
title_sort |
study of dimethyl sulfide, sulfate aerosols and ice nucleation particles in the arctic summer |
publisher |
Graduate Studies |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11023/3525 https://doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/27919 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-83.999,-83.999,74.218,74.218) |
geographic |
Arctic Lancaster Sound |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Lancaster Sound |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Climate change Lancaster Sound |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Climate change Lancaster Sound |
op_relation |
Ghahremaninezhadgharelar, R. (2016). Study of Dimethyl sulfide, Sulfate Aerosols and Ice Nucleation Particles in the Arctic Summer (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/27919 http://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/27919 http://hdl.handle.net/11023/3525 |
op_rights |
University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/27919 |
_version_ |
1775347450492485632 |