Surviving rapid climate change in the deep sea during the Paleogene hyperthermals.
Predicting the impact of ongoing anthropogenic CO2 emissions on calcifying marine organisms is complex, owing to the synergy between direct changes (acidification) and indirect changes through climate change (e.g. warming, changes in ocean circulation, and deoxygenation). Laboratory experiments, par...
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ftunivbruxelles:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/265970 2023-05-15T17:51:40+02:00 Surviving rapid climate change in the deep sea during the Paleogene hyperthermals. Foster, Laura LC Schmidt, D. P. Thomas, Ellen Arndt, Sandra Ridgwell, Andy 2013-06 1 full-text file(s): application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/265970 https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/265970/4/PMC3677492.pdf en eng uri/info:doi/10.1073/pnas.1300579110 uri/info:pii/1300579110 uri/info:pmid/23690593 uri/info:pmcid/PMC3677492 https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/265970/4/PMC3677492.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/265970 1 full-text file(s): info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110 (23 Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles Adaptation Biological -- physiology Atmosphere -- analysis Calcification Physiologic -- physiology Calcium Carbonate -- analysis Carbon Dioxide -- analysis Climate Change Foraminifera -- chemistry -- physiology History Ancient Oceans and Seas Synchrotrons Tomography X-Ray ecosystem stress response greenhouse gases marine calcifiers info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:ulb-repo/semantics/articlePeerReview info:ulb-repo/semantics/openurl/article 2013 ftunivbruxelles 2022-06-12T21:41:59Z Predicting the impact of ongoing anthropogenic CO2 emissions on calcifying marine organisms is complex, owing to the synergy between direct changes (acidification) and indirect changes through climate change (e.g. warming, changes in ocean circulation, and deoxygenation). Laboratory experiments, particularly on longer-lived organisms, tend to be too short to reveal the potential of organisms to acclimatize, adapt, or evolve and usually do not incorporate multiple stressors. We studied two examples of rapid carbon release in the geological record, Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (∼53.2 Ma) and the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ∼55.5 Ma), the best analogs over the last 65 Ma for future ocean acidification related to high atmospheric CO2 levels. We use benthic foraminifers, which suffered severe extinction during the PETM, as a model group. Using synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy, we reconstruct the calcification response of survivor species and find, contrary to expectations, that calcification significantly increased during the PETM. In contrast, there was no significant response to the smaller Eocene Thermal Maximum 2, which was associated with a minor change in diversity only. These observations suggest that there is a response threshold for extinction and calcification response, while highlighting the utility of the geological record in helping constrain the sensitivity of biotic response to environmental change. info:eu-repo/semantics/published Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification DI-fusion : dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DI-fusion : dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbruxelles |
language |
English |
topic |
Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles Adaptation Biological -- physiology Atmosphere -- analysis Calcification Physiologic -- physiology Calcium Carbonate -- analysis Carbon Dioxide -- analysis Climate Change Foraminifera -- chemistry -- physiology History Ancient Oceans and Seas Synchrotrons Tomography X-Ray ecosystem stress response greenhouse gases marine calcifiers |
spellingShingle |
Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles Adaptation Biological -- physiology Atmosphere -- analysis Calcification Physiologic -- physiology Calcium Carbonate -- analysis Carbon Dioxide -- analysis Climate Change Foraminifera -- chemistry -- physiology History Ancient Oceans and Seas Synchrotrons Tomography X-Ray ecosystem stress response greenhouse gases marine calcifiers Foster, Laura LC Schmidt, D. P. Thomas, Ellen Arndt, Sandra Ridgwell, Andy Surviving rapid climate change in the deep sea during the Paleogene hyperthermals. |
topic_facet |
Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles Adaptation Biological -- physiology Atmosphere -- analysis Calcification Physiologic -- physiology Calcium Carbonate -- analysis Carbon Dioxide -- analysis Climate Change Foraminifera -- chemistry -- physiology History Ancient Oceans and Seas Synchrotrons Tomography X-Ray ecosystem stress response greenhouse gases marine calcifiers |
description |
Predicting the impact of ongoing anthropogenic CO2 emissions on calcifying marine organisms is complex, owing to the synergy between direct changes (acidification) and indirect changes through climate change (e.g. warming, changes in ocean circulation, and deoxygenation). Laboratory experiments, particularly on longer-lived organisms, tend to be too short to reveal the potential of organisms to acclimatize, adapt, or evolve and usually do not incorporate multiple stressors. We studied two examples of rapid carbon release in the geological record, Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (∼53.2 Ma) and the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ∼55.5 Ma), the best analogs over the last 65 Ma for future ocean acidification related to high atmospheric CO2 levels. We use benthic foraminifers, which suffered severe extinction during the PETM, as a model group. Using synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy, we reconstruct the calcification response of survivor species and find, contrary to expectations, that calcification significantly increased during the PETM. In contrast, there was no significant response to the smaller Eocene Thermal Maximum 2, which was associated with a minor change in diversity only. These observations suggest that there is a response threshold for extinction and calcification response, while highlighting the utility of the geological record in helping constrain the sensitivity of biotic response to environmental change. info:eu-repo/semantics/published |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Foster, Laura LC Schmidt, D. P. Thomas, Ellen Arndt, Sandra Ridgwell, Andy |
author_facet |
Foster, Laura LC Schmidt, D. P. Thomas, Ellen Arndt, Sandra Ridgwell, Andy |
author_sort |
Foster, Laura LC |
title |
Surviving rapid climate change in the deep sea during the Paleogene hyperthermals. |
title_short |
Surviving rapid climate change in the deep sea during the Paleogene hyperthermals. |
title_full |
Surviving rapid climate change in the deep sea during the Paleogene hyperthermals. |
title_fullStr |
Surviving rapid climate change in the deep sea during the Paleogene hyperthermals. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Surviving rapid climate change in the deep sea during the Paleogene hyperthermals. |
title_sort |
surviving rapid climate change in the deep sea during the paleogene hyperthermals. |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/265970 https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/265970/4/PMC3677492.pdf |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110 (23 |
op_relation |
uri/info:doi/10.1073/pnas.1300579110 uri/info:pii/1300579110 uri/info:pmid/23690593 uri/info:pmcid/PMC3677492 https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/265970/4/PMC3677492.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/265970 |
op_rights |
1 full-text file(s): info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
_version_ |
1766158885703385088 |