The cadmium-phosphate relationship in the western South Atlantic - The importance of mode and intermediate waters on the global systematics
The correlation between dissolved cadmium (Cd) and phosphate (PO4) in the modern ocean has been extensively studied. However, factors that cause the non-linearity in this global correlation are still largely debated and poorly constrained. In this study, we present vertical and meridional distributi...
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ftunivbruxelles:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/231351 2023-05-15T13:49:49+02:00 The cadmium-phosphate relationship in the western South Atlantic - The importance of mode and intermediate waters on the global systematics Xie, Ruifang R.C. Galer, Stephen S.J.G. Abouchami, Wafa Rijkenberg, Micha J A De Jong, Jeroen De Baar, Hein J W Andreae, Meinrat M.O. 2014-11 1 full-text file(s): application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/231351 https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/231351/1/Elsevier_214978.pdf en eng uri/info:doi/10.1016/j.marchem.2015.06.011 uri/info:pii/S0304420315001267 uri/info:scp/84957439984 https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/231351/1/Elsevier_214978.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/231351 1 full-text file(s): info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Marine chemistry, 177 Océanographie physique et chimique Chimie Technologie de l'environnement contrôle de la pollution Traitement des eaux résiduaires Traitement de potabilisation de l'eau Cadmium cycling Dissolved cadmium Dissolved phosphate GEOTRACES GA02 transect Ocean circulation South Atlantic Trace metal info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:ulb-repo/semantics/articlePeerReview info:ulb-repo/semantics/openurl/article 2014 ftunivbruxelles 2022-06-12T21:38:19Z The correlation between dissolved cadmium (Cd) and phosphate (PO4) in the modern ocean has been extensively studied. However, factors that cause the non-linearity in this global correlation are still largely debated and poorly constrained. In this study, we present vertical and meridional distributions of Cd concentrations along the GEOTRACES GA02 Leg 3 transect (53°S to 0°S) in the western South Atlantic. The vertical profiles of dissolved Cd show typical nutrient-like distributions, matching those of the macronutrient PO4. In the surface ocean, low Cd concentrations of 0.34-45 pmol kg-1 are measured at all stations sampled. Below the fluorescence maxima, Cd concentrations increase with depth, reaching maxima at the depths of, or slightly below, the oxygen minimum. Similarly, surface waters have very low dissolved Cd/PO4 ratios, followed by a sudden decrease at depths corresponding to the fluorescence maxima, below which the Cd/PO4 ratios increase with depth. These variations in Cd and Cd/PO4 ratios are consistent with phytoplankton uptake in the surface ocean at higher Cd/PO4 ratios compared to deep water Redfield Cd/PO4 ratios, and remineralization of high Cd/PO4 organic particles as they sink to depth. In addition, a comparison of Cd and PO4 distributions in waters within the depth range of Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) in our study and those in the source regions suggests that SAMW plays an important role in the non-linearity of the Cd-PO4 correlation in the global ocean. On the other hand, intermediate waters at the equatorial stations display significantly lower Cd compared to the southern stations in this study. We attribute this to the influence of low-Cd waters originating in the oxygen-depleted zone (ODZ) of the Angola Basin that are brought in via the Benguela and Equatorial Currents. In the deep ocean (>1000 m), the meridional distributions of dissolved Cd concentrations and Cd/PO4 ratios reflect mixing between North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) (low nutrients, low Cd/PO4 ratios) and Antarctic ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic NADW North Atlantic Deep Water North Atlantic DI-fusion : dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Antarctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DI-fusion : dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbruxelles |
language |
English |
topic |
Océanographie physique et chimique Chimie Technologie de l'environnement contrôle de la pollution Traitement des eaux résiduaires Traitement de potabilisation de l'eau Cadmium cycling Dissolved cadmium Dissolved phosphate GEOTRACES GA02 transect Ocean circulation South Atlantic Trace metal |
spellingShingle |
Océanographie physique et chimique Chimie Technologie de l'environnement contrôle de la pollution Traitement des eaux résiduaires Traitement de potabilisation de l'eau Cadmium cycling Dissolved cadmium Dissolved phosphate GEOTRACES GA02 transect Ocean circulation South Atlantic Trace metal Xie, Ruifang R.C. Galer, Stephen S.J.G. Abouchami, Wafa Rijkenberg, Micha J A De Jong, Jeroen De Baar, Hein J W Andreae, Meinrat M.O. The cadmium-phosphate relationship in the western South Atlantic - The importance of mode and intermediate waters on the global systematics |
topic_facet |
Océanographie physique et chimique Chimie Technologie de l'environnement contrôle de la pollution Traitement des eaux résiduaires Traitement de potabilisation de l'eau Cadmium cycling Dissolved cadmium Dissolved phosphate GEOTRACES GA02 transect Ocean circulation South Atlantic Trace metal |
description |
The correlation between dissolved cadmium (Cd) and phosphate (PO4) in the modern ocean has been extensively studied. However, factors that cause the non-linearity in this global correlation are still largely debated and poorly constrained. In this study, we present vertical and meridional distributions of Cd concentrations along the GEOTRACES GA02 Leg 3 transect (53°S to 0°S) in the western South Atlantic. The vertical profiles of dissolved Cd show typical nutrient-like distributions, matching those of the macronutrient PO4. In the surface ocean, low Cd concentrations of 0.34-45 pmol kg-1 are measured at all stations sampled. Below the fluorescence maxima, Cd concentrations increase with depth, reaching maxima at the depths of, or slightly below, the oxygen minimum. Similarly, surface waters have very low dissolved Cd/PO4 ratios, followed by a sudden decrease at depths corresponding to the fluorescence maxima, below which the Cd/PO4 ratios increase with depth. These variations in Cd and Cd/PO4 ratios are consistent with phytoplankton uptake in the surface ocean at higher Cd/PO4 ratios compared to deep water Redfield Cd/PO4 ratios, and remineralization of high Cd/PO4 organic particles as they sink to depth. In addition, a comparison of Cd and PO4 distributions in waters within the depth range of Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) in our study and those in the source regions suggests that SAMW plays an important role in the non-linearity of the Cd-PO4 correlation in the global ocean. On the other hand, intermediate waters at the equatorial stations display significantly lower Cd compared to the southern stations in this study. We attribute this to the influence of low-Cd waters originating in the oxygen-depleted zone (ODZ) of the Angola Basin that are brought in via the Benguela and Equatorial Currents. In the deep ocean (>1000 m), the meridional distributions of dissolved Cd concentrations and Cd/PO4 ratios reflect mixing between North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) (low nutrients, low Cd/PO4 ratios) and Antarctic ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Xie, Ruifang R.C. Galer, Stephen S.J.G. Abouchami, Wafa Rijkenberg, Micha J A De Jong, Jeroen De Baar, Hein J W Andreae, Meinrat M.O. |
author_facet |
Xie, Ruifang R.C. Galer, Stephen S.J.G. Abouchami, Wafa Rijkenberg, Micha J A De Jong, Jeroen De Baar, Hein J W Andreae, Meinrat M.O. |
author_sort |
Xie, Ruifang R.C. |
title |
The cadmium-phosphate relationship in the western South Atlantic - The importance of mode and intermediate waters on the global systematics |
title_short |
The cadmium-phosphate relationship in the western South Atlantic - The importance of mode and intermediate waters on the global systematics |
title_full |
The cadmium-phosphate relationship in the western South Atlantic - The importance of mode and intermediate waters on the global systematics |
title_fullStr |
The cadmium-phosphate relationship in the western South Atlantic - The importance of mode and intermediate waters on the global systematics |
title_full_unstemmed |
The cadmium-phosphate relationship in the western South Atlantic - The importance of mode and intermediate waters on the global systematics |
title_sort |
cadmium-phosphate relationship in the western south atlantic - the importance of mode and intermediate waters on the global systematics |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/231351 https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/231351/1/Elsevier_214978.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic NADW North Atlantic Deep Water North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic NADW North Atlantic Deep Water North Atlantic |
op_source |
Marine chemistry, 177 |
op_relation |
uri/info:doi/10.1016/j.marchem.2015.06.011 uri/info:pii/S0304420315001267 uri/info:scp/84957439984 https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/231351/1/Elsevier_214978.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/231351 |
op_rights |
1 full-text file(s): info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
_version_ |
1766252338677284864 |