Optical properties of deep glacial ice at the South Pole
We have remotely mapped optical scattering and absorption in glacial ice at the South Pole for wavelengths between 313 and 560 nm and depths between 1100 and 2350 m. We used pulsed and continuous light sources embedded with the AMANDA neutrino telescope, an array of more than six hundred photomultip...
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ftunivbruxelles:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/118283 2023-05-15T13:53:44+02:00 Optical properties of deep glacial ice at the South Pole Ackermann, Markus Bertrand, Daniel 2006 1 full-text file(s): application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/118283 https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/118283/4/00d833ce-705d-4ffb-ba26-1bc3927daf7b.txt en eng uri/info:doi/10.1029/2005JD006687 uri/info:scp/33751086436 local/VX-000862 https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/118283/4/00d833ce-705d-4ffb-ba26-1bc3927daf7b.txt http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/118283 1 full-text file(s): info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Journal of geophysical research, 111 (13203 Physique des particules élémentaires info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:ulb-repo/semantics/articlePeerReview info:ulb-repo/semantics/openurl/article 2006 ftunivbruxelles 2022-06-12T21:20:30Z We have remotely mapped optical scattering and absorption in glacial ice at the South Pole for wavelengths between 313 and 560 nm and depths between 1100 and 2350 m. We used pulsed and continuous light sources embedded with the AMANDA neutrino telescope, an array of more than six hundred photomultiplier tubes buried deep in the ice. At depths greater than 1300 m, both the scattering coefficient and absorptivity follow vertical variations in concentration of dust impurities, which are seen in ice cores from other Antarctic sites and which track climatological changes. The scattering coefficient varies by a factor of seven, and absorptivity (for wavelengths less than ∼450 nm) varies by a factor of three in the depth range between 1300 and 2300 m, where four dust peaks due to stadials in the late Pleistocene have been identified. In our absorption data, we also identify a broad peak due to the Last Glacial Maximum around 1300 m. In the scattering data, this peak is partially masked by scattering on residual air bubbles, whose contribution dominates the scattering coefficient in shallower ice but vanishes at ∼1350 m where all bubbles have converted to nonscattering air hydrates. The wavelength dependence of scattering by dust is described by a power law with exponent -0.90 ± 0.03, independent of depth. The wavelength dependence of absorptivity in the studied wavelength range is described by the sum of two components: a power law due to absorption by dust, with exponent -1.08 ± 0.01 and a normalization proportional to dust concentration that varies with depth; and a rising exponential due to intrinsic ice absorption which dominates at wavelengths greater than ∼500 nm. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union. 0 SCOPUS: ar.j info:eu-repo/semantics/published Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic South pole South pole DI-fusion : dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Antarctic Broad Peak ENVELOPE(-71.231,-71.231,70.495,70.495) South Pole |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DI-fusion : dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbruxelles |
language |
English |
topic |
Physique des particules élémentaires |
spellingShingle |
Physique des particules élémentaires Ackermann, Markus Bertrand, Daniel Optical properties of deep glacial ice at the South Pole |
topic_facet |
Physique des particules élémentaires |
description |
We have remotely mapped optical scattering and absorption in glacial ice at the South Pole for wavelengths between 313 and 560 nm and depths between 1100 and 2350 m. We used pulsed and continuous light sources embedded with the AMANDA neutrino telescope, an array of more than six hundred photomultiplier tubes buried deep in the ice. At depths greater than 1300 m, both the scattering coefficient and absorptivity follow vertical variations in concentration of dust impurities, which are seen in ice cores from other Antarctic sites and which track climatological changes. The scattering coefficient varies by a factor of seven, and absorptivity (for wavelengths less than ∼450 nm) varies by a factor of three in the depth range between 1300 and 2300 m, where four dust peaks due to stadials in the late Pleistocene have been identified. In our absorption data, we also identify a broad peak due to the Last Glacial Maximum around 1300 m. In the scattering data, this peak is partially masked by scattering on residual air bubbles, whose contribution dominates the scattering coefficient in shallower ice but vanishes at ∼1350 m where all bubbles have converted to nonscattering air hydrates. The wavelength dependence of scattering by dust is described by a power law with exponent -0.90 ± 0.03, independent of depth. The wavelength dependence of absorptivity in the studied wavelength range is described by the sum of two components: a power law due to absorption by dust, with exponent -1.08 ± 0.01 and a normalization proportional to dust concentration that varies with depth; and a rising exponential due to intrinsic ice absorption which dominates at wavelengths greater than ∼500 nm. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union. 0 SCOPUS: ar.j info:eu-repo/semantics/published |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ackermann, Markus Bertrand, Daniel |
author_facet |
Ackermann, Markus Bertrand, Daniel |
author_sort |
Ackermann, Markus |
title |
Optical properties of deep glacial ice at the South Pole |
title_short |
Optical properties of deep glacial ice at the South Pole |
title_full |
Optical properties of deep glacial ice at the South Pole |
title_fullStr |
Optical properties of deep glacial ice at the South Pole |
title_full_unstemmed |
Optical properties of deep glacial ice at the South Pole |
title_sort |
optical properties of deep glacial ice at the south pole |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/118283 https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/118283/4/00d833ce-705d-4ffb-ba26-1bc3927daf7b.txt |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-71.231,-71.231,70.495,70.495) |
geographic |
Antarctic Broad Peak South Pole |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Broad Peak South Pole |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic South pole South pole |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic South pole South pole |
op_source |
Journal of geophysical research, 111 (13203 |
op_relation |
uri/info:doi/10.1029/2005JD006687 uri/info:scp/33751086436 local/VX-000862 https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/118283/4/00d833ce-705d-4ffb-ba26-1bc3927daf7b.txt http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/118283 |
op_rights |
1 full-text file(s): info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
_version_ |
1766259110334955520 |