Ecological analyses of the associations between injury risk and socioeconomic status, geography and Aboriginal ethnicity in British Columbia, Canada
Background: The current study examines what factors contribute to higher injury risk among Aboriginal peoples, compared to the total British Columbia (BC) population. We explore socioeconomic, geographic, and cultural factors, and combinations of these factors, that contribute to increased injury ri...
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ftunivbritcolcir:oai:circle.library.ubc.ca:2429/63988 2023-05-15T16:17:16+02:00 Ecological analyses of the associations between injury risk and socioeconomic status, geography and Aboriginal ethnicity in British Columbia, Canada George, M. A Brussoni, M. Jin, A. Lalonde, C. E McCormick, R. Child and Family Research Institute 2016-05-10 http://hdl.handle.net/2429/63988 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-2262-x eng eng Springer International Publishing Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Author(s) CC-BY Aboriginal Indigenous populations (MeSH) Indians North American (MeSH) First Nations Medical record linkage (MeSH) Hospitalization (MeSH) Injury and wounds (MeSH) Epidemiology (MeSH) Text Article 2016 ftunivbritcolcir https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-2262-x 2019-10-15T18:20:55Z Background: The current study examines what factors contribute to higher injury risk among Aboriginal peoples, compared to the total British Columbia (BC) population. We explore socioeconomic, geographic, and cultural factors, and combinations of these factors, that contribute to increased injury risk for Aboriginal peoples. This follows from our previously reported findings of improvements in injury risk over time for both the total and Aboriginal populations. Data and methods: We use provincial population-based linked health care databases of hospital discharge records. We identify three population groups: total BC population, and Aboriginal populations living off-reserve, or on-reserve. For each group we calculate age and gender-standardized relative risks (SRR) of injury-related hospitalization, relative to the total population of BC, for two 5-year time periods (1999–2003, and 2004–2008). We use custom data from the 2001 and 2006 long-form Censuses that described income, education, employment, housing conditions, proportion of urban dwellers, proportion of rural dwellers, and prevalence of Aboriginal ethnicity. We use multivariable linear regression to examine the associations between the census characteristics and SRR of injury. Results: The best-fitting model was an excellent fit (R2 = 0.905, p < 0.001) among the three population groups within Health Service Delivery Areas of BC. We find indicators in all three categories (socioeconomic, geographic, and cultural) are associated with disparity in injury risk. While the socioeconomic indicators (income, education, housing, employment) were shown to be highly correlated, only living in housing that needs major repair and occupational hazardousness, along with rural residence and Aboriginal ethnicity, remained in the final model. Our data show that cultural density is not associated with injury risk for Aboriginal peoples, and that living off-reserve is associated with reduced injury by improving socioeconomic and geographic conditions (compared to living on-reserve). Finally, our analyses show that Aboriginal status itself is associated with injury risk. Conclusions: Our findings confirm previous research indicating that geographical differences differentiate injury risk, including for Aboriginal populations, and that socioeconomic determinants are associated with health risks. Our analyses showing that Aboriginal status itself contributes to injury risk is new, but we can only speculate about pathway, and whether the causes are direct or indirect. Medicine, Faculty of Other UBC Non UBC Pediatrics, Department of Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of Reviewed Faculty Article in Journal/Newspaper First Nations University of British Columbia: cIRcle - UBC's Information Repository British Columbia ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) Canada SpringerPlus 5 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of British Columbia: cIRcle - UBC's Information Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbritcolcir |
language |
English |
topic |
Aboriginal Indigenous populations (MeSH) Indians North American (MeSH) First Nations Medical record linkage (MeSH) Hospitalization (MeSH) Injury and wounds (MeSH) Epidemiology (MeSH) |
spellingShingle |
Aboriginal Indigenous populations (MeSH) Indians North American (MeSH) First Nations Medical record linkage (MeSH) Hospitalization (MeSH) Injury and wounds (MeSH) Epidemiology (MeSH) George, M. A Brussoni, M. Jin, A. Lalonde, C. E McCormick, R. Ecological analyses of the associations between injury risk and socioeconomic status, geography and Aboriginal ethnicity in British Columbia, Canada |
topic_facet |
Aboriginal Indigenous populations (MeSH) Indians North American (MeSH) First Nations Medical record linkage (MeSH) Hospitalization (MeSH) Injury and wounds (MeSH) Epidemiology (MeSH) |
description |
Background: The current study examines what factors contribute to higher injury risk among Aboriginal peoples, compared to the total British Columbia (BC) population. We explore socioeconomic, geographic, and cultural factors, and combinations of these factors, that contribute to increased injury risk for Aboriginal peoples. This follows from our previously reported findings of improvements in injury risk over time for both the total and Aboriginal populations. Data and methods: We use provincial population-based linked health care databases of hospital discharge records. We identify three population groups: total BC population, and Aboriginal populations living off-reserve, or on-reserve. For each group we calculate age and gender-standardized relative risks (SRR) of injury-related hospitalization, relative to the total population of BC, for two 5-year time periods (1999–2003, and 2004–2008). We use custom data from the 2001 and 2006 long-form Censuses that described income, education, employment, housing conditions, proportion of urban dwellers, proportion of rural dwellers, and prevalence of Aboriginal ethnicity. We use multivariable linear regression to examine the associations between the census characteristics and SRR of injury. Results: The best-fitting model was an excellent fit (R2 = 0.905, p < 0.001) among the three population groups within Health Service Delivery Areas of BC. We find indicators in all three categories (socioeconomic, geographic, and cultural) are associated with disparity in injury risk. While the socioeconomic indicators (income, education, housing, employment) were shown to be highly correlated, only living in housing that needs major repair and occupational hazardousness, along with rural residence and Aboriginal ethnicity, remained in the final model. Our data show that cultural density is not associated with injury risk for Aboriginal peoples, and that living off-reserve is associated with reduced injury by improving socioeconomic and geographic conditions (compared to living on-reserve). Finally, our analyses show that Aboriginal status itself is associated with injury risk. Conclusions: Our findings confirm previous research indicating that geographical differences differentiate injury risk, including for Aboriginal populations, and that socioeconomic determinants are associated with health risks. Our analyses showing that Aboriginal status itself contributes to injury risk is new, but we can only speculate about pathway, and whether the causes are direct or indirect. Medicine, Faculty of Other UBC Non UBC Pediatrics, Department of Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of Reviewed Faculty |
author2 |
Child and Family Research Institute |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
George, M. A Brussoni, M. Jin, A. Lalonde, C. E McCormick, R. |
author_facet |
George, M. A Brussoni, M. Jin, A. Lalonde, C. E McCormick, R. |
author_sort |
George, M. A |
title |
Ecological analyses of the associations between injury risk and socioeconomic status, geography and Aboriginal ethnicity in British Columbia, Canada |
title_short |
Ecological analyses of the associations between injury risk and socioeconomic status, geography and Aboriginal ethnicity in British Columbia, Canada |
title_full |
Ecological analyses of the associations between injury risk and socioeconomic status, geography and Aboriginal ethnicity in British Columbia, Canada |
title_fullStr |
Ecological analyses of the associations between injury risk and socioeconomic status, geography and Aboriginal ethnicity in British Columbia, Canada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ecological analyses of the associations between injury risk and socioeconomic status, geography and Aboriginal ethnicity in British Columbia, Canada |
title_sort |
ecological analyses of the associations between injury risk and socioeconomic status, geography and aboriginal ethnicity in british columbia, canada |
publisher |
Springer International Publishing |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2429/63988 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-2262-x |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) |
geographic |
British Columbia Canada |
geographic_facet |
British Columbia Canada |
genre |
First Nations |
genre_facet |
First Nations |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Author(s) |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-2262-x |
container_title |
SpringerPlus |
container_volume |
5 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766003116074860544 |