Paddle to Seattle : a native Washington movement to "Bring them canoes back home"

• Main Author: Lincoln, Leslie Jeanne
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: University of British Columbia 1990
• Subjects: Canoes and canoeing > Washington (State); Canoes and canoeing > British Columbia; First Nations > British Columbia > Social life and customs; First Nations > Washington (State) > Social life and customs; Coast Salish > Social life and customs; Dugout canoes; Lhaq'temish (Lummi); Suquamish; Tulalip; ʔənʔa̓ či čə̓yəxʷ (Port Gamble S'Klallam); Quileute; Indian; First Nations
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42022

This thesis documents the 1989 Washington Centennial Commissions' Native Canoe Project. Seventeen Western Washington tribes participated in a canoe-oriented cultural heritage renewal movement. The ethnographic setting establishes Native dugouts in their historic social context and presents the classic hull forms of representative canoe types. After a hiatus of several generations of canoe use, many tribes began to reconstruct their disappearing canoeing ways. Through the process of carving and using their dugouts, they have addressed current issues. Canoe racing and voyaging has proven to be effective, culturally relevant alternative to drug and alcohol abuse. Native people reaffirmed access to landing beaches and forest resources and created community carving centers. Case studies of the Lummi, Suquamish, Tulalip, Port Gamble Klallam and Quileute tribes reveal continuity, schisms and the reinvention of Native dugout traditions. The culminating "Paddle to Seattle" voyage illuminates the vital role of these canoes to unite communities and legitimize Indian values. Abundant use of Native commentary from collected oral histories substantiate my interpretations and offer authority to Native perspectives. Ethnopoetic transcriptions express an understanding of these cedar canoes in the enduring Native thoughtworld. Arts, Faculty of Anthropology, Department of Graduate