Acoustic ecology of the European lobster (Homarus gammarus) and the red spiny lobster (Palinurus elephas)

• Main Author: Jézéquel, Youenn
• Other Authors: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, Laurent Chauvaud, Julien Bonnel, ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010)
• Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2020
• Subjects: Crustaceans; Sound production; Passive acoustics; Communication; Propagation; Crustacés; Production sonore; Acoustique passive; [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology; environment; Homard; European lobster; Homarus gammarus
• Online Access: https://theses.hal.science/tel-03274878; https://theses.hal.science/tel-03274878/document; https://theses.hal.science/tel-03274878/file/These-2020-SML-Ecologie_marine-JEZEQUEL_Youenn.pdf

The ecological role of the sounds produced by crustaceans is poorly known compared to marine mammals and fish. Understanding the importance of the sounds emitted by a species is critical to betterapprehend the impacts of anthropogenic noise on their behaviours. In addition, marine ecologists are lookingto develop new monitoring tool using passive acoustics (PAM). The aim of the PhD thesis was to study the bioacoustics of two crustacean species of high commercial and cultural interest in Europe: the EuropeanHomarus gammarus, and the spiny lobster Palinurus elephas. Taking into account the physical effects oftanks on sounds, we highlighted the high production of buzzing sounds between male European lobstersduring agonistic encounters to etablish dominance status. Further, we demonstrated using aneurophysiological approach that lobsters are able to detect sounds in the same frequency band than thebuzzing sounds they produce, which strenghtens the hypothesis of an acoustic communication. The second part of this PhD thesis demonstrated the high acoustic potential of antennal rasps produced by spiny lobsters for PAM. Indeed, after quantifying their sound propagation in situ, we found that they can be detectable over kilometer scale and that their features depend on the size of the individuals. We also showed that these antennal rasps have a low frequency energetic content (< 1 kHz), which allowed us to state the hypothesis oftheir potential role for acoustic communication. This work raises new perspectives in marine ecology to studythe impacts of anthropogenic noise and develop PAM tools for management and conservation measures ofcrustacean populations. Le rôle écologique des sons chez les crustacés est mal défini comparé aux mammifères marins et aux poissons. Or, comprendre l’importance des sons pour la biologie d’une espèce est crucial lorsque les impacts des bruits anthropiques sont recherchés. Par ailleurs, l’écologie cherche encore à développer de nouveaux outils de suivi par acoustique passive (PAM). ...