Rock weathering creates oases of life in a High Arctic desert
During primary colonization of rock substrates by plants, mineral weathering is strongly accelerated under plant roots, but little is known on how it affects soil ecosystem development before plant establishment. Here we show that rock mineral weathering mediated by chemolithoautotrophic bacteria is...
Published in: | Environmental Microbiology |
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10863/963 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02059.x http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02059.x/abstract |
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ftunivbozen:oai:bia.unibz.it:10863/963 2023-05-15T14:27:10+02:00 Rock weathering creates oases of life in a High Arctic desert Borin, S Ventura, S Tambone, F Mapelli, F Schubotz, F Brusetti, L Scaglia, B D'Acqui, LP Solheim, B Turicchia, S Marasco, R Hinrichs, KU Baldi, F Adani, F Daffonchio, D 2010 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10863/963 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02059.x http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02059.x/abstract unknown Wiley: 12 months Borin S, Ventura S, Tambone F, Mapelli F, Schubotz F, Brusetti L, Scaglia B, D'Acqui LP, Solheim B, Turicchia S, Marasco R, Hinrichs KU, Baldi F, Adani F, Daffonchio D (2010). Rock weathering creates oases of life in a High Arctic desert. Environmental Microbiology, 12(2), 293-303 1462-2912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02059.x http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02059.x/abstract http://hdl.handle.net/10863/963 Article 2010 ftunivbozen https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02059.x 2019-10-30T19:32:21Z During primary colonization of rock substrates by plants, mineral weathering is strongly accelerated under plant roots, but little is known on how it affects soil ecosystem development before plant establishment. Here we show that rock mineral weathering mediated by chemolithoautotrophic bacteria is associated to plant community formation in sites recently released by permanent glacier ice cover in the Midtre Lovénbreen glacier moraine (78°53′N), Svalbard. Increased soil fertility fosters growth of prokaryotes and plants at the boundary between sites of intense bacterial mediated chemolithotrophic iron-sulfur oxidation and pH decrease, and the common moraine substrate where carbon and nitrogen are fixed by cyanobacteria. Microbial iron oxidizing activity determines acidity and corresponding fertility gradients, where water retention, cation exchange capacity and nutrient availability are increased. This fertilization is enabled by abundant mineral nutrients and reduced forms of iron and sulfur in pyrite minerals within a conglomerate type of moraine rock. Such an interaction between microorganisms and moraine minerals determines a peculiar, not yet described model for soil genesis and plant ecosystem formation with potential past and present analogues in other harsh environments with similar geochemical settings open Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic glacier Svalbard Free University of Bozen-Bolzano (UNIBZ): BIA (Bozen-Bolzano Institutional Archive) Arctic Svalbard Environmental Microbiology 12 2 293 303 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Free University of Bozen-Bolzano (UNIBZ): BIA (Bozen-Bolzano Institutional Archive) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbozen |
language |
unknown |
description |
During primary colonization of rock substrates by plants, mineral weathering is strongly accelerated under plant roots, but little is known on how it affects soil ecosystem development before plant establishment. Here we show that rock mineral weathering mediated by chemolithoautotrophic bacteria is associated to plant community formation in sites recently released by permanent glacier ice cover in the Midtre Lovénbreen glacier moraine (78°53′N), Svalbard. Increased soil fertility fosters growth of prokaryotes and plants at the boundary between sites of intense bacterial mediated chemolithotrophic iron-sulfur oxidation and pH decrease, and the common moraine substrate where carbon and nitrogen are fixed by cyanobacteria. Microbial iron oxidizing activity determines acidity and corresponding fertility gradients, where water retention, cation exchange capacity and nutrient availability are increased. This fertilization is enabled by abundant mineral nutrients and reduced forms of iron and sulfur in pyrite minerals within a conglomerate type of moraine rock. Such an interaction between microorganisms and moraine minerals determines a peculiar, not yet described model for soil genesis and plant ecosystem formation with potential past and present analogues in other harsh environments with similar geochemical settings open |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Borin, S Ventura, S Tambone, F Mapelli, F Schubotz, F Brusetti, L Scaglia, B D'Acqui, LP Solheim, B Turicchia, S Marasco, R Hinrichs, KU Baldi, F Adani, F Daffonchio, D |
spellingShingle |
Borin, S Ventura, S Tambone, F Mapelli, F Schubotz, F Brusetti, L Scaglia, B D'Acqui, LP Solheim, B Turicchia, S Marasco, R Hinrichs, KU Baldi, F Adani, F Daffonchio, D Rock weathering creates oases of life in a High Arctic desert |
author_facet |
Borin, S Ventura, S Tambone, F Mapelli, F Schubotz, F Brusetti, L Scaglia, B D'Acqui, LP Solheim, B Turicchia, S Marasco, R Hinrichs, KU Baldi, F Adani, F Daffonchio, D |
author_sort |
Borin, S |
title |
Rock weathering creates oases of life in a High Arctic desert |
title_short |
Rock weathering creates oases of life in a High Arctic desert |
title_full |
Rock weathering creates oases of life in a High Arctic desert |
title_fullStr |
Rock weathering creates oases of life in a High Arctic desert |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rock weathering creates oases of life in a High Arctic desert |
title_sort |
rock weathering creates oases of life in a high arctic desert |
publisher |
Wiley: 12 months |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10863/963 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02059.x http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02059.x/abstract |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic glacier Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic glacier Svalbard |
op_relation |
Borin S, Ventura S, Tambone F, Mapelli F, Schubotz F, Brusetti L, Scaglia B, D'Acqui LP, Solheim B, Turicchia S, Marasco R, Hinrichs KU, Baldi F, Adani F, Daffonchio D (2010). Rock weathering creates oases of life in a High Arctic desert. Environmental Microbiology, 12(2), 293-303 1462-2912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02059.x http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02059.x/abstract http://hdl.handle.net/10863/963 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02059.x |
container_title |
Environmental Microbiology |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
293 |
op_container_end_page |
303 |
_version_ |
1766300777341517824 |