Dynamic triggering: The effects of remote earthquakes on volcanoes, hydrothermal systems and tectonics
Dynamic stresses induced by seismic waves from large earthquakes can trigger a variety of geologic phenomena. This thesis focuses on observational evidence of dynamically triggered seismic activity in hydrothermal, volcanic and mud-volcanic systems. During summer 2011 and 2013 we discovered microsei...
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Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn
2015
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ftunivbonn:oai:bonndoc.ulb.uni-bonn.de:20.500.11811/6395 2023-05-15T16:49:39+02:00 Dynamic triggering: The effects of remote earthquakes on volcanoes, hydrothermal systems and tectonics Fuchs, Florian Miller, Stephen A. Kemna, Andreas 2015-02-02 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6395 eng eng Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-38784 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6395 In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ openAccess Seismologie Vulkan Schlammvulkan Erdbeben getriggerte Erdbeben tektonischer Tremor seismische Welle seismischer Reflektor Island Snaefellsnes Snaefellsjökull Costa Rica Irazu Turrialba Nicoya Larderello Nirano Indonesien Sidoarjo Sumbawa Tambora Flores Seismology Volcano Mud volcano Earthquake Triggered Earthquake Tectonic Tremor Seismic Wave Seismic Reflector Iceland Snaefellsjokull Indonesia ddc:550 doc-type:doctoralThesis 2015 ftunivbonn https://doi.org/20.500.11811/6395 2023-02-13T19:26:39Z Dynamic stresses induced by seismic waves from large earthquakes can trigger a variety of geologic phenomena. This thesis focuses on observational evidence of dynamically triggered seismic activity in hydrothermal, volcanic and mud-volcanic systems. During summer 2011 and 2013 we discovered microseismic activity under the Snæfellsjökull volcano, Iceland. Earthquakes with magnitudes Ml < 1.5 are located around 5–13 km below sea level. Seismicity likely reflects hybrid events that involve brittle failure in combination with fluid-related processes in deep sections of the crust. Additional Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry shows no vertical surface deformation between years 2004 and 2008, indicating negligible inflation/deflation within the inferred magma reservoir. We analyze the triggering of seismic activity at the Irazú-Turrialba volcanic complex, Costa Rica, following the 2012 Mw 7.6 Nicoya earthquake. After the passage of seismic waves we observe a sudden increase in seismicity lasting approximately 36 hours with a maximum rate of 75 events/hour. We point out that Mw < 4.5 aftershocks are also followed by increased seismicity. We propose the combined action of dynamic stress and short-lived coseismic relaxation triggered seismic activity in this near-critical system. Additionally, we show similar earthquake triggering by teleseismic surface waves in the Larderello-Travale geothermal field, Italy. Furthermore, we present evidence for triggered tremor beneath the island of Sumbawa, Indonesia. We show tremor in response to three teleseismic earthquakes and constrain a triggering threshold of 8 kPa dynamic stress. Triggered tremor amplitudes scale with induced ground velocity. Tremor responds to 45–65 s period surface waves and predominantly correlates with Rayleigh waves. We could not locate the tremor but data indicates potential source volumes such as the Flores Thrust, the Java subduction zone, or Tambora volcano. Using numerical wave propagation we investigate the trigger of the 2006 Lusi mud ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Iceland Snæfellsjökull bonndoc - The Repository of the University of Bonn Snæfellsjökull ENVELOPE(-23.769,-23.769,64.811,64.811) Vulkan ENVELOPE(156.404,156.404,61.679,61.679) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
bonndoc - The Repository of the University of Bonn |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbonn |
language |
English |
topic |
Seismologie Vulkan Schlammvulkan Erdbeben getriggerte Erdbeben tektonischer Tremor seismische Welle seismischer Reflektor Island Snaefellsnes Snaefellsjökull Costa Rica Irazu Turrialba Nicoya Larderello Nirano Indonesien Sidoarjo Sumbawa Tambora Flores Seismology Volcano Mud volcano Earthquake Triggered Earthquake Tectonic Tremor Seismic Wave Seismic Reflector Iceland Snaefellsjokull Indonesia ddc:550 |
spellingShingle |
Seismologie Vulkan Schlammvulkan Erdbeben getriggerte Erdbeben tektonischer Tremor seismische Welle seismischer Reflektor Island Snaefellsnes Snaefellsjökull Costa Rica Irazu Turrialba Nicoya Larderello Nirano Indonesien Sidoarjo Sumbawa Tambora Flores Seismology Volcano Mud volcano Earthquake Triggered Earthquake Tectonic Tremor Seismic Wave Seismic Reflector Iceland Snaefellsjokull Indonesia ddc:550 Fuchs, Florian Dynamic triggering: The effects of remote earthquakes on volcanoes, hydrothermal systems and tectonics |
topic_facet |
Seismologie Vulkan Schlammvulkan Erdbeben getriggerte Erdbeben tektonischer Tremor seismische Welle seismischer Reflektor Island Snaefellsnes Snaefellsjökull Costa Rica Irazu Turrialba Nicoya Larderello Nirano Indonesien Sidoarjo Sumbawa Tambora Flores Seismology Volcano Mud volcano Earthquake Triggered Earthquake Tectonic Tremor Seismic Wave Seismic Reflector Iceland Snaefellsjokull Indonesia ddc:550 |
description |
Dynamic stresses induced by seismic waves from large earthquakes can trigger a variety of geologic phenomena. This thesis focuses on observational evidence of dynamically triggered seismic activity in hydrothermal, volcanic and mud-volcanic systems. During summer 2011 and 2013 we discovered microseismic activity under the Snæfellsjökull volcano, Iceland. Earthquakes with magnitudes Ml < 1.5 are located around 5–13 km below sea level. Seismicity likely reflects hybrid events that involve brittle failure in combination with fluid-related processes in deep sections of the crust. Additional Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry shows no vertical surface deformation between years 2004 and 2008, indicating negligible inflation/deflation within the inferred magma reservoir. We analyze the triggering of seismic activity at the Irazú-Turrialba volcanic complex, Costa Rica, following the 2012 Mw 7.6 Nicoya earthquake. After the passage of seismic waves we observe a sudden increase in seismicity lasting approximately 36 hours with a maximum rate of 75 events/hour. We point out that Mw < 4.5 aftershocks are also followed by increased seismicity. We propose the combined action of dynamic stress and short-lived coseismic relaxation triggered seismic activity in this near-critical system. Additionally, we show similar earthquake triggering by teleseismic surface waves in the Larderello-Travale geothermal field, Italy. Furthermore, we present evidence for triggered tremor beneath the island of Sumbawa, Indonesia. We show tremor in response to three teleseismic earthquakes and constrain a triggering threshold of 8 kPa dynamic stress. Triggered tremor amplitudes scale with induced ground velocity. Tremor responds to 45–65 s period surface waves and predominantly correlates with Rayleigh waves. We could not locate the tremor but data indicates potential source volumes such as the Flores Thrust, the Java subduction zone, or Tambora volcano. Using numerical wave propagation we investigate the trigger of the 2006 Lusi mud ... |
author2 |
Miller, Stephen A. Kemna, Andreas |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Fuchs, Florian |
author_facet |
Fuchs, Florian |
author_sort |
Fuchs, Florian |
title |
Dynamic triggering: The effects of remote earthquakes on volcanoes, hydrothermal systems and tectonics |
title_short |
Dynamic triggering: The effects of remote earthquakes on volcanoes, hydrothermal systems and tectonics |
title_full |
Dynamic triggering: The effects of remote earthquakes on volcanoes, hydrothermal systems and tectonics |
title_fullStr |
Dynamic triggering: The effects of remote earthquakes on volcanoes, hydrothermal systems and tectonics |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dynamic triggering: The effects of remote earthquakes on volcanoes, hydrothermal systems and tectonics |
title_sort |
dynamic triggering: the effects of remote earthquakes on volcanoes, hydrothermal systems and tectonics |
publisher |
Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6395 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-23.769,-23.769,64.811,64.811) ENVELOPE(156.404,156.404,61.679,61.679) |
geographic |
Snæfellsjökull Vulkan |
geographic_facet |
Snæfellsjökull Vulkan |
genre |
Iceland Snæfellsjökull |
genre_facet |
Iceland Snæfellsjökull |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-38784 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6395 |
op_rights |
In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11811/6395 |
_version_ |
1766039786267607040 |