Comparative carbon cycle dynamics of the present and last interglacial
Changes in temperature and carbon dioxide during glacial cycles recorded in Antarctic ice cores are tightly coupled. However, this relationship does not hold for interglacials. While climate cooled towards the end of both the last (Eemian) and present (Holocene) interglacials, CO₂ remained stable du...
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ftunivbern:oai:boris.unibe.ch:77288 2023-08-20T04:00:39+02:00 Comparative carbon cycle dynamics of the present and last interglacial Brovkin, Victor Brücher, Tim Kleinen, Thomas Zaehle, Sönke Joos, Fortunat Roth, Raphael Spahni, Renato Schmitt, Jochen Fischer, Hubertus Leuenberger, Markus Stone, Emma J. Ridgwell, Andy Chappellaz, Jérôme Kehrwald, Natalie Barbante, Carlo Blunier, Thomas Dahl Jensen, Dorthe 2016 application/pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/77288/1/brovkin16qsr.pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/77288/ eng eng Elsevier https://boris.unibe.ch/77288/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Brovkin, Victor; Brücher, Tim; Kleinen, Thomas; Zaehle, Sönke; Joos, Fortunat; Roth, Raphael; Spahni, Renato; Schmitt, Jochen; Fischer, Hubertus; Leuenberger, Markus; Stone, Emma J.; Ridgwell, Andy; Chappellaz, Jérôme; Kehrwald, Natalie; Barbante, Carlo; Blunier, Thomas; Dahl Jensen, Dorthe (2016). Comparative carbon cycle dynamics of the present and last interglacial. Quaternary Science Reviews, 137, pp. 15-32. Elsevier 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.01.028 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.01.028> 530 Physics info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion PeerReviewed 2016 ftunivbern https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.01.028 2023-07-31T21:23:29Z Changes in temperature and carbon dioxide during glacial cycles recorded in Antarctic ice cores are tightly coupled. However, this relationship does not hold for interglacials. While climate cooled towards the end of both the last (Eemian) and present (Holocene) interglacials, CO₂ remained stable during the Eemian while rising in the Holocene. We identify and review twelve biogeochemical mechanisms of terrestrial (vegetation dynamics and CO₂ fertilization, land use, wild fire, accumulation of peat, changes in permafrost carbon, subaerial volcanic outgassing) and marine origin (changes in sea surface temperature, carbonate compensation to deglaciation and terrestrial biosphere regrowth, shallow-water carbonate sedimentation, changes in the soft tissue pump, and methane hydrates), which potentially may have contributed to the CO₂ dynamics during interglacials but which remain not well quantified. We use three Earth System Models (ESMs) of intermediate complexity to compare effects of selected mechanisms on the interglacial CO₂ and δ¹³ CO₂ changes, focusing on those with substantial potential impacts: namely carbonate sedimentation in shallow waters, peat growth, and (in the case of the Holocene) human land use. A set of specified carbon cycle forcings could qualitatively explain atmospheric CO₂ dynamics from 8ka BP to the pre-industrial. However, when applied to Eemian boundary conditions from 126 to 115 ka BP, the same set of forcings led to disagreement with the observed direction of CO₂ changes after 122 ka BP. This failure to simulate late-Eemian CO₂ dynamics could be a result of the imposed forcings such as prescribed CaCO₃ accumulation and/or an incorrect response of simulated terrestrial carbon to the surface cooling at the end of the interglacial. These experiments also reveal that key natural processes of interglacial CO₂ dynamics eshallow water CaCO₃ accumulation, peat and permafrost carbon dynamics are not well represented in the current ESMs. Global-scale modeling of these long-term carbon cycle ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Ice permafrost BORIS (Bern Open Repository and Information System, University of Bern) Antarctic Quaternary Science Reviews 137 15 32 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
BORIS (Bern Open Repository and Information System, University of Bern) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbern |
language |
English |
topic |
530 Physics |
spellingShingle |
530 Physics Brovkin, Victor Brücher, Tim Kleinen, Thomas Zaehle, Sönke Joos, Fortunat Roth, Raphael Spahni, Renato Schmitt, Jochen Fischer, Hubertus Leuenberger, Markus Stone, Emma J. Ridgwell, Andy Chappellaz, Jérôme Kehrwald, Natalie Barbante, Carlo Blunier, Thomas Dahl Jensen, Dorthe Comparative carbon cycle dynamics of the present and last interglacial |
topic_facet |
530 Physics |
description |
Changes in temperature and carbon dioxide during glacial cycles recorded in Antarctic ice cores are tightly coupled. However, this relationship does not hold for interglacials. While climate cooled towards the end of both the last (Eemian) and present (Holocene) interglacials, CO₂ remained stable during the Eemian while rising in the Holocene. We identify and review twelve biogeochemical mechanisms of terrestrial (vegetation dynamics and CO₂ fertilization, land use, wild fire, accumulation of peat, changes in permafrost carbon, subaerial volcanic outgassing) and marine origin (changes in sea surface temperature, carbonate compensation to deglaciation and terrestrial biosphere regrowth, shallow-water carbonate sedimentation, changes in the soft tissue pump, and methane hydrates), which potentially may have contributed to the CO₂ dynamics during interglacials but which remain not well quantified. We use three Earth System Models (ESMs) of intermediate complexity to compare effects of selected mechanisms on the interglacial CO₂ and δ¹³ CO₂ changes, focusing on those with substantial potential impacts: namely carbonate sedimentation in shallow waters, peat growth, and (in the case of the Holocene) human land use. A set of specified carbon cycle forcings could qualitatively explain atmospheric CO₂ dynamics from 8ka BP to the pre-industrial. However, when applied to Eemian boundary conditions from 126 to 115 ka BP, the same set of forcings led to disagreement with the observed direction of CO₂ changes after 122 ka BP. This failure to simulate late-Eemian CO₂ dynamics could be a result of the imposed forcings such as prescribed CaCO₃ accumulation and/or an incorrect response of simulated terrestrial carbon to the surface cooling at the end of the interglacial. These experiments also reveal that key natural processes of interglacial CO₂ dynamics eshallow water CaCO₃ accumulation, peat and permafrost carbon dynamics are not well represented in the current ESMs. Global-scale modeling of these long-term carbon cycle ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Brovkin, Victor Brücher, Tim Kleinen, Thomas Zaehle, Sönke Joos, Fortunat Roth, Raphael Spahni, Renato Schmitt, Jochen Fischer, Hubertus Leuenberger, Markus Stone, Emma J. Ridgwell, Andy Chappellaz, Jérôme Kehrwald, Natalie Barbante, Carlo Blunier, Thomas Dahl Jensen, Dorthe |
author_facet |
Brovkin, Victor Brücher, Tim Kleinen, Thomas Zaehle, Sönke Joos, Fortunat Roth, Raphael Spahni, Renato Schmitt, Jochen Fischer, Hubertus Leuenberger, Markus Stone, Emma J. Ridgwell, Andy Chappellaz, Jérôme Kehrwald, Natalie Barbante, Carlo Blunier, Thomas Dahl Jensen, Dorthe |
author_sort |
Brovkin, Victor |
title |
Comparative carbon cycle dynamics of the present and last interglacial |
title_short |
Comparative carbon cycle dynamics of the present and last interglacial |
title_full |
Comparative carbon cycle dynamics of the present and last interglacial |
title_fullStr |
Comparative carbon cycle dynamics of the present and last interglacial |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparative carbon cycle dynamics of the present and last interglacial |
title_sort |
comparative carbon cycle dynamics of the present and last interglacial |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://boris.unibe.ch/77288/1/brovkin16qsr.pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/77288/ |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice permafrost |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice permafrost |
op_source |
Brovkin, Victor; Brücher, Tim; Kleinen, Thomas; Zaehle, Sönke; Joos, Fortunat; Roth, Raphael; Spahni, Renato; Schmitt, Jochen; Fischer, Hubertus; Leuenberger, Markus; Stone, Emma J.; Ridgwell, Andy; Chappellaz, Jérôme; Kehrwald, Natalie; Barbante, Carlo; Blunier, Thomas; Dahl Jensen, Dorthe (2016). Comparative carbon cycle dynamics of the present and last interglacial. Quaternary Science Reviews, 137, pp. 15-32. Elsevier 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.01.028 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.01.028> |
op_relation |
https://boris.unibe.ch/77288/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.01.028 |
container_title |
Quaternary Science Reviews |
container_volume |
137 |
container_start_page |
15 |
op_container_end_page |
32 |
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1774719484591865856 |