Honey Bee Apis mellifera Parasites in the Absence of Nosema ceranae Fungi and Varroa destructor Mites

• Published in: PLoS ONE
• Main Authors: Shutler, Dave, Head, Krista, Burgher-MacLellan, Karen L., Colwell, Megan J., Levitt, Abby L., Ostiguy, Nancy, Williams, Geoffrey R.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Public Library of Science 2014
• Subjects: 590 Animals (Zoology); 630 Agriculture; Canada; Newfoundland; Rennie
• Online Access: https://boris.unibe.ch/64871/1/Shutler_Honey%20bee%20parasites%20in%20absence%20of%20N%20cerana%20and%20Varroa.pdf; https://boris.unibe.ch/64871/

Few areas of the world have western honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies that are free of invasive parasites Nosema ceranae (fungi) and Varroa destructor (mites). Particularly detrimental is V. destructor; in addition to feeding on host haemolymph, these mites are important vectors of several viruses...