Imminent ocean acidification in the Arctic projected with the NCAR global coupled carbon cycle-climate model
Ocean acidification from the uptake of anthropogenic carbon is simulated for the industrial period and IPCC SRES emission scenarios A2 and B1 with a global coupled carbon cycle-climate model. Earlier studies identified seawater saturation state with respect to aragonite, a mineral phase of calcium c...
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ftunivbern:oai:boris.unibe.ch:37497 2023-08-20T04:02:58+02:00 Imminent ocean acidification in the Arctic projected with the NCAR global coupled carbon cycle-climate model Steinacher, M. Joos, F. Frölicher, T. L. Plattner, G.-K. Doney, S. C. 2009 application/pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/37497/1/bg-6-515-2009.pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/37497/ eng eng Copernicus Publications https://boris.unibe.ch/37497/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Steinacher, M.; Joos, F.; Frölicher, T. L.; Plattner, G.-K.; Doney, S. C. (2009). Imminent ocean acidification in the Arctic projected with the NCAR global coupled carbon cycle-climate model. Biogeosciences, 6(4), pp. 515-533. Göttingen: Copernicus Publications 10.5194/bg-6-515-2009 <http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-515-2009> 530 Physics info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion PeerReviewed 2009 ftunivbern https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-515-2009 2023-07-31T20:59:35Z Ocean acidification from the uptake of anthropogenic carbon is simulated for the industrial period and IPCC SRES emission scenarios A2 and B1 with a global coupled carbon cycle-climate model. Earlier studies identified seawater saturation state with respect to aragonite, a mineral phase of calcium carbonate, as a key variable governing impacts on corals and other shell-forming organisms. Globally in the A2 scenario, water saturated by more than 300%, considered suitable for coral growth, vanishes by 2070 AD (CO2≈630 ppm), and the ocean volume fraction occupied by saturated water decreases from 42% to 25% over this century. The largest simulated pH changes worldwide occur in Arctic surface waters, where hydrogen ion concentration increases by up to 185% (ΔpH=−0.45). Projected climate change amplifies the decrease in Arctic surface mean saturation and pH by more than 20%, mainly due to freshening and increased carbon uptake in response to sea ice retreat. Modeled saturation compares well with observation-based estimates along an Arctic transect and simulated changes have been corrected for remaining model-data differences in this region. Aragonite undersaturation in Arctic surface waters is projected to occur locally within a decade and to become more widespread as atmospheric CO2 continues to grow. The results imply that surface waters in the Arctic Ocean will become corrosive to aragonite, with potentially large implications for the marine ecosystem, if anthropogenic carbon emissions are not reduced and atmospheric CO2 not kept below 450 ppm. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Ocean acidification Sea ice BORIS (Bern Open Repository and Information System, University of Bern) Arctic Arctic Ocean Biogeosciences 6 4 515 533 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
BORIS (Bern Open Repository and Information System, University of Bern) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbern |
language |
English |
topic |
530 Physics |
spellingShingle |
530 Physics Steinacher, M. Joos, F. Frölicher, T. L. Plattner, G.-K. Doney, S. C. Imminent ocean acidification in the Arctic projected with the NCAR global coupled carbon cycle-climate model |
topic_facet |
530 Physics |
description |
Ocean acidification from the uptake of anthropogenic carbon is simulated for the industrial period and IPCC SRES emission scenarios A2 and B1 with a global coupled carbon cycle-climate model. Earlier studies identified seawater saturation state with respect to aragonite, a mineral phase of calcium carbonate, as a key variable governing impacts on corals and other shell-forming organisms. Globally in the A2 scenario, water saturated by more than 300%, considered suitable for coral growth, vanishes by 2070 AD (CO2≈630 ppm), and the ocean volume fraction occupied by saturated water decreases from 42% to 25% over this century. The largest simulated pH changes worldwide occur in Arctic surface waters, where hydrogen ion concentration increases by up to 185% (ΔpH=−0.45). Projected climate change amplifies the decrease in Arctic surface mean saturation and pH by more than 20%, mainly due to freshening and increased carbon uptake in response to sea ice retreat. Modeled saturation compares well with observation-based estimates along an Arctic transect and simulated changes have been corrected for remaining model-data differences in this region. Aragonite undersaturation in Arctic surface waters is projected to occur locally within a decade and to become more widespread as atmospheric CO2 continues to grow. The results imply that surface waters in the Arctic Ocean will become corrosive to aragonite, with potentially large implications for the marine ecosystem, if anthropogenic carbon emissions are not reduced and atmospheric CO2 not kept below 450 ppm. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Steinacher, M. Joos, F. Frölicher, T. L. Plattner, G.-K. Doney, S. C. |
author_facet |
Steinacher, M. Joos, F. Frölicher, T. L. Plattner, G.-K. Doney, S. C. |
author_sort |
Steinacher, M. |
title |
Imminent ocean acidification in the Arctic projected with the NCAR global coupled carbon cycle-climate model |
title_short |
Imminent ocean acidification in the Arctic projected with the NCAR global coupled carbon cycle-climate model |
title_full |
Imminent ocean acidification in the Arctic projected with the NCAR global coupled carbon cycle-climate model |
title_fullStr |
Imminent ocean acidification in the Arctic projected with the NCAR global coupled carbon cycle-climate model |
title_full_unstemmed |
Imminent ocean acidification in the Arctic projected with the NCAR global coupled carbon cycle-climate model |
title_sort |
imminent ocean acidification in the arctic projected with the ncar global coupled carbon cycle-climate model |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
https://boris.unibe.ch/37497/1/bg-6-515-2009.pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/37497/ |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Ocean acidification Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Ocean acidification Sea ice |
op_source |
Steinacher, M.; Joos, F.; Frölicher, T. L.; Plattner, G.-K.; Doney, S. C. (2009). Imminent ocean acidification in the Arctic projected with the NCAR global coupled carbon cycle-climate model. Biogeosciences, 6(4), pp. 515-533. Göttingen: Copernicus Publications 10.5194/bg-6-515-2009 <http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-515-2009> |
op_relation |
https://boris.unibe.ch/37497/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-515-2009 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
515 |
op_container_end_page |
533 |
_version_ |
1774713474401697792 |