Today’s vegetation and woody flora
Considered over long time scales, today's vegetation is only the last realization of a dynamic process and not a static concept. On the one hand, knowledge of modern vegetation is essential for our understanding of vegetation history, on the other hand, considering this history allows a deeper...
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ftunivbern:oai:boris.unibe.ch:185288 2023-10-09T21:49:26+02:00 Today’s vegetation and woody flora Lang, Gerhard Ammann, Brigitta Schwörer, Christoph Tinner, Willy Lang, Gerhard Ammann, Brigitta Behre, Karl-Ernst Tinner, Willy 2023-06 application/pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/185288/1/2023_QuatVegeDynEurope_145.pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/185288/ eng eng Haupt Verlag https://boris.unibe.ch/185288/ info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Lang, Gerhard; Ammann, Brigitta; Schwörer, Christoph; Tinner, Willy (2023). Today’s vegetation and woody flora. In: Lang, Gerhard; Ammann, Brigitta; Behre, Karl-Ernst; Tinner, Willy (eds.) Quaternary Vegetation Dynamics of Europe (pp. 145-149). Bern: Haupt Verlag 580 Plants (Botany) info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion PeerReviewed 2023 ftunivbern 2023-09-10T23:49:36Z Considered over long time scales, today's vegetation is only the last realization of a dynamic process and not a static concept. On the one hand, knowledge of modern vegetation is essential for our understanding of vegetation history, on the other hand, considering this history allows a deeper understanding of the present vegetation. In Europe this comparison is made difficult because of the human impact on the environment over millennia: what we observe as the modern plant cover is only rarely the end product of a natural vegetation history. A distinction was often made between ‘modern natural vegetation’ (plant cover without any human impact) and ‘modern potential natural vegetation’ (plant cover including human impact but as it would be after the cessation of this influence). Both are concepts based on soils, climate and biogeography, but they remain constructions with large uncertainties (Tüxen, 1956; Frenzel, 1968; Neuhäusl, 1991; Bohn et al., 2003; Birks, 2019). For our purpose a map of the modern potential natural vegetation on a small scale will be sufficient showing the ‘zonal vegetation’ that depends on large-scale factors such as temperature and precipitation and that omits the ‘azonal vegetation’ depending on edaphic conditions (for example riparian forests, mires, halophytic habitats). Moreover, the elevational belts of mountain systems cannot be fully shown on this scale. A higher spatial resolution can be found in Ozenda (1979) and Bohn et al. (2003). As an overview we can distinguish five vegetation zones (biomes) in Europe: • The arctic and alpine zone with treeless dwarf shrub, meadow or tall herb vegetation (A) • The boreal zone with a dominance of conifers (B) • The temperate zone with mainly forests of deciduous trees (T) • The Mediterranean zone with co-dominance (mesomediterranean) or dominance (thermomediterranean) of evergreen broadleaved trees and shrubs (M) • The Pannonic-Pontic-Anatolian zone with forest steppes, steppes and semi-deserts (P) Most limits are spatially not clearly ... Book Part Arctic BORIS (Bern Open Repository and Information System, University of Bern) Arctic Birks ENVELOPE(-62.163,-62.163,-65.290,-65.290) |
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Open Polar |
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BORIS (Bern Open Repository and Information System, University of Bern) |
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ftunivbern |
language |
English |
topic |
580 Plants (Botany) |
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580 Plants (Botany) Lang, Gerhard Ammann, Brigitta Schwörer, Christoph Tinner, Willy Today’s vegetation and woody flora |
topic_facet |
580 Plants (Botany) |
description |
Considered over long time scales, today's vegetation is only the last realization of a dynamic process and not a static concept. On the one hand, knowledge of modern vegetation is essential for our understanding of vegetation history, on the other hand, considering this history allows a deeper understanding of the present vegetation. In Europe this comparison is made difficult because of the human impact on the environment over millennia: what we observe as the modern plant cover is only rarely the end product of a natural vegetation history. A distinction was often made between ‘modern natural vegetation’ (plant cover without any human impact) and ‘modern potential natural vegetation’ (plant cover including human impact but as it would be after the cessation of this influence). Both are concepts based on soils, climate and biogeography, but they remain constructions with large uncertainties (Tüxen, 1956; Frenzel, 1968; Neuhäusl, 1991; Bohn et al., 2003; Birks, 2019). For our purpose a map of the modern potential natural vegetation on a small scale will be sufficient showing the ‘zonal vegetation’ that depends on large-scale factors such as temperature and precipitation and that omits the ‘azonal vegetation’ depending on edaphic conditions (for example riparian forests, mires, halophytic habitats). Moreover, the elevational belts of mountain systems cannot be fully shown on this scale. A higher spatial resolution can be found in Ozenda (1979) and Bohn et al. (2003). As an overview we can distinguish five vegetation zones (biomes) in Europe: • The arctic and alpine zone with treeless dwarf shrub, meadow or tall herb vegetation (A) • The boreal zone with a dominance of conifers (B) • The temperate zone with mainly forests of deciduous trees (T) • The Mediterranean zone with co-dominance (mesomediterranean) or dominance (thermomediterranean) of evergreen broadleaved trees and shrubs (M) • The Pannonic-Pontic-Anatolian zone with forest steppes, steppes and semi-deserts (P) Most limits are spatially not clearly ... |
author2 |
Lang, Gerhard Ammann, Brigitta Behre, Karl-Ernst Tinner, Willy |
format |
Book Part |
author |
Lang, Gerhard Ammann, Brigitta Schwörer, Christoph Tinner, Willy |
author_facet |
Lang, Gerhard Ammann, Brigitta Schwörer, Christoph Tinner, Willy |
author_sort |
Lang, Gerhard |
title |
Today’s vegetation and woody flora |
title_short |
Today’s vegetation and woody flora |
title_full |
Today’s vegetation and woody flora |
title_fullStr |
Today’s vegetation and woody flora |
title_full_unstemmed |
Today’s vegetation and woody flora |
title_sort |
today’s vegetation and woody flora |
publisher |
Haupt Verlag |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://boris.unibe.ch/185288/1/2023_QuatVegeDynEurope_145.pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/185288/ |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-62.163,-62.163,-65.290,-65.290) |
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Arctic Birks |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Birks |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Lang, Gerhard; Ammann, Brigitta; Schwörer, Christoph; Tinner, Willy (2023). Today’s vegetation and woody flora. In: Lang, Gerhard; Ammann, Brigitta; Behre, Karl-Ernst; Tinner, Willy (eds.) Quaternary Vegetation Dynamics of Europe (pp. 145-149). Bern: Haupt Verlag |
op_relation |
https://boris.unibe.ch/185288/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
_version_ |
1779312450816966656 |