Enhanced Atlantic subpolar gyre variability through baroclinic threshold in a coarse resolution model
Direct observations, satellite measurements and paleo records reveal strong variability in the Atlantic subpolar gyre on various time scales. Here we show that variations of comparable amplitude can only be simulated in a coupled climate model in the proximity of a dynamical threshold. The threshold...
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ftunivbern:oai:boris.unibe.ch:18160 2023-08-20T04:08:16+02:00 Enhanced Atlantic subpolar gyre variability through baroclinic threshold in a coarse resolution model Mengel, M. Levermann, A. Schleussner, C.-F. Born, Andreas 2012 application/pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/18160/1/esd-3-189-2012.pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/18160/ eng eng Copernicus Publications https://boris.unibe.ch/18160/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Mengel, M.; Levermann, A.; Schleussner, C.-F.; Born, Andreas (2012). Enhanced Atlantic subpolar gyre variability through baroclinic threshold in a coarse resolution model. Earth system dynamics, 3(2), pp. 189-197. Katlenburg-Lindau: Copernicus Publications 10.5194/esd-3-189-2012 <http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-3-189-2012> 530 Physics info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion PeerReviewed 2012 ftunivbern https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-3-189-2012 2023-07-31T20:42:15Z Direct observations, satellite measurements and paleo records reveal strong variability in the Atlantic subpolar gyre on various time scales. Here we show that variations of comparable amplitude can only be simulated in a coupled climate model in the proximity of a dynamical threshold. The threshold and the associated dynamic response is due to a positive feedback involving increased salt transport in the subpolar gyre and enhanced deep convection in its centre. A series of sensitivity experiments is performed with a coarse resolution ocean general circulation model coupled to a statistical-dynamical atmosphere model which in itself does not produce atmospheric variability. To simulate the impact of atmospheric variability, the model system is perturbed with freshwater forcing of varying, but small amplitude and multi-decadal to centennial periodicities and observational variations in wind stress. While both freshwater and wind-stress-forcing have a small direct effect on the strength of the subpolar gyre, the magnitude of the gyre's response is strongly increased in the vicinity of the threshold. Our results indicate that baroclinic self-amplification in the North Atlantic ocean can play an important role in presently observed SPG variability and thereby North Atlantic climate variability on multi-decadal scales. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic BORIS (Bern Open Repository and Information System, University of Bern) Earth System Dynamics 3 2 189 197 |
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Open Polar |
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BORIS (Bern Open Repository and Information System, University of Bern) |
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ftunivbern |
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English |
topic |
530 Physics |
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530 Physics Mengel, M. Levermann, A. Schleussner, C.-F. Born, Andreas Enhanced Atlantic subpolar gyre variability through baroclinic threshold in a coarse resolution model |
topic_facet |
530 Physics |
description |
Direct observations, satellite measurements and paleo records reveal strong variability in the Atlantic subpolar gyre on various time scales. Here we show that variations of comparable amplitude can only be simulated in a coupled climate model in the proximity of a dynamical threshold. The threshold and the associated dynamic response is due to a positive feedback involving increased salt transport in the subpolar gyre and enhanced deep convection in its centre. A series of sensitivity experiments is performed with a coarse resolution ocean general circulation model coupled to a statistical-dynamical atmosphere model which in itself does not produce atmospheric variability. To simulate the impact of atmospheric variability, the model system is perturbed with freshwater forcing of varying, but small amplitude and multi-decadal to centennial periodicities and observational variations in wind stress. While both freshwater and wind-stress-forcing have a small direct effect on the strength of the subpolar gyre, the magnitude of the gyre's response is strongly increased in the vicinity of the threshold. Our results indicate that baroclinic self-amplification in the North Atlantic ocean can play an important role in presently observed SPG variability and thereby North Atlantic climate variability on multi-decadal scales. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mengel, M. Levermann, A. Schleussner, C.-F. Born, Andreas |
author_facet |
Mengel, M. Levermann, A. Schleussner, C.-F. Born, Andreas |
author_sort |
Mengel, M. |
title |
Enhanced Atlantic subpolar gyre variability through baroclinic threshold in a coarse resolution model |
title_short |
Enhanced Atlantic subpolar gyre variability through baroclinic threshold in a coarse resolution model |
title_full |
Enhanced Atlantic subpolar gyre variability through baroclinic threshold in a coarse resolution model |
title_fullStr |
Enhanced Atlantic subpolar gyre variability through baroclinic threshold in a coarse resolution model |
title_full_unstemmed |
Enhanced Atlantic subpolar gyre variability through baroclinic threshold in a coarse resolution model |
title_sort |
enhanced atlantic subpolar gyre variability through baroclinic threshold in a coarse resolution model |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://boris.unibe.ch/18160/1/esd-3-189-2012.pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/18160/ |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Mengel, M.; Levermann, A.; Schleussner, C.-F.; Born, Andreas (2012). Enhanced Atlantic subpolar gyre variability through baroclinic threshold in a coarse resolution model. Earth system dynamics, 3(2), pp. 189-197. Katlenburg-Lindau: Copernicus Publications 10.5194/esd-3-189-2012 <http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-3-189-2012> |
op_relation |
https://boris.unibe.ch/18160/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-3-189-2012 |
container_title |
Earth System Dynamics |
container_volume |
3 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
189 |
op_container_end_page |
197 |
_version_ |
1774720442367475712 |