Contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2
We present the Alfred Wegener Institute's contribution to the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) wherein we employ the Community Earth System Models (COSMOS) that include a dynamic vegetation scheme. This work builds on our contribution to Phase 1 of the Pliocene Model In...
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ftunivbern:oai:boris.unibe.ch:148383 2023-08-20T04:04:55+02:00 Contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2 Stepanek, Christian Samakinwa, Eric Knorr, Gregor Lohmann, Gerrit 2020-11-20 application/pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/148383/1/cp-16-2275-2020.pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/148383/ eng eng Copernicus Publications https://boris.unibe.ch/148383/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Stepanek, Christian; Samakinwa, Eric; Knorr, Gregor; Lohmann, Gerrit (2020). Contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2. Climate of the past, 16(6), pp. 2275-2323. Copernicus Publications 10.5194/cp-16-2275-2020 <http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2275-2020> 550 Earth sciences & geology 910 Geography & travel info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion PeerReviewed 2020 ftunivbern https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2275-2020 2023-07-31T22:02:40Z We present the Alfred Wegener Institute's contribution to the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) wherein we employ the Community Earth System Models (COSMOS) that include a dynamic vegetation scheme. This work builds on our contribution to Phase 1 of the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP1) wherein we employed the same model without dynamic vegetation. Our input to the PlioMIP2 special issue of Climate of the Past is twofold. In an accompanying paper we compare results derived with COSMOS in the framework of PlioMIP2 and PlioMIP1. With this paper we present details of our contribution with COSMOS to PlioMIP2. We provide a description of the model and of methods employed to transfer reconstructed mid-Pliocene geography, as provided by the Pliocene Reconstruction and Synoptic Mapping Initiative Phase 4 (PRISM4), to model boundary conditions. We describe the spin-up procedure for creating the COSMOS PlioMIP2 simulation ensemble and present large-scale climate patterns of the COSMOS PlioMIP2 mid-Pliocene core simulation. Furthermore, we quantify the contribution of individual components of PRISM4 boundary conditions to characteristics of simulated mid-Pliocene climate and discuss implications for anthropogenic warming. When exposed to PRISM4 boundary conditions, COSMOS provides insight into a mid-Pliocene climate that is characterised by increased rainfall (+0.17 mm d−1) and elevated surface temperature (+3.37 ∘C) in comparison to the pre-industrial (PI). About two-thirds of the mid-Pliocene core temperature anomaly can be directly attributed to carbon dioxide that is elevated with respect to PI. The contribution of topography and ice sheets to mid-Pliocene warmth is much smaller in contrast – about one-quarter and one-eighth, respectively, and nonlinearities are negligible. The simulated mid-Pliocene climate comprises pronounced polar amplification, a reduced meridional temperature gradient, a northwards-shifted tropical rain belt, an Arctic Ocean that is nearly free of sea ice ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice BORIS (Bern Open Repository and Information System, University of Bern) Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate of the Past 16 6 2275 2323 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
BORIS (Bern Open Repository and Information System, University of Bern) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbern |
language |
English |
topic |
550 Earth sciences & geology 910 Geography & travel |
spellingShingle |
550 Earth sciences & geology 910 Geography & travel Stepanek, Christian Samakinwa, Eric Knorr, Gregor Lohmann, Gerrit Contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2 |
topic_facet |
550 Earth sciences & geology 910 Geography & travel |
description |
We present the Alfred Wegener Institute's contribution to the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) wherein we employ the Community Earth System Models (COSMOS) that include a dynamic vegetation scheme. This work builds on our contribution to Phase 1 of the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP1) wherein we employed the same model without dynamic vegetation. Our input to the PlioMIP2 special issue of Climate of the Past is twofold. In an accompanying paper we compare results derived with COSMOS in the framework of PlioMIP2 and PlioMIP1. With this paper we present details of our contribution with COSMOS to PlioMIP2. We provide a description of the model and of methods employed to transfer reconstructed mid-Pliocene geography, as provided by the Pliocene Reconstruction and Synoptic Mapping Initiative Phase 4 (PRISM4), to model boundary conditions. We describe the spin-up procedure for creating the COSMOS PlioMIP2 simulation ensemble and present large-scale climate patterns of the COSMOS PlioMIP2 mid-Pliocene core simulation. Furthermore, we quantify the contribution of individual components of PRISM4 boundary conditions to characteristics of simulated mid-Pliocene climate and discuss implications for anthropogenic warming. When exposed to PRISM4 boundary conditions, COSMOS provides insight into a mid-Pliocene climate that is characterised by increased rainfall (+0.17 mm d−1) and elevated surface temperature (+3.37 ∘C) in comparison to the pre-industrial (PI). About two-thirds of the mid-Pliocene core temperature anomaly can be directly attributed to carbon dioxide that is elevated with respect to PI. The contribution of topography and ice sheets to mid-Pliocene warmth is much smaller in contrast – about one-quarter and one-eighth, respectively, and nonlinearities are negligible. The simulated mid-Pliocene climate comprises pronounced polar amplification, a reduced meridional temperature gradient, a northwards-shifted tropical rain belt, an Arctic Ocean that is nearly free of sea ice ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stepanek, Christian Samakinwa, Eric Knorr, Gregor Lohmann, Gerrit |
author_facet |
Stepanek, Christian Samakinwa, Eric Knorr, Gregor Lohmann, Gerrit |
author_sort |
Stepanek, Christian |
title |
Contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2 |
title_short |
Contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2 |
title_full |
Contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2 |
title_fullStr |
Contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2 |
title_sort |
contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model cosmos to the pliomip2 |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://boris.unibe.ch/148383/1/cp-16-2275-2020.pdf https://boris.unibe.ch/148383/ |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
op_source |
Stepanek, Christian; Samakinwa, Eric; Knorr, Gregor; Lohmann, Gerrit (2020). Contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2. Climate of the past, 16(6), pp. 2275-2323. Copernicus Publications 10.5194/cp-16-2275-2020 <http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2275-2020> |
op_relation |
https://boris.unibe.ch/148383/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2275-2020 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
2275 |
op_container_end_page |
2323 |
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1774715337063792640 |