Nitrogen dynamics in Turbic Cryosols from Siberia and Greenland
Turbic Cryosols (permafrost soils characterized by cryoturbation, i.e., by mixing of soil layers due to freezing and thawing) are widespread across the Arctic, and contain large amounts of poorly decomposed organic material buried in the subsoil. This cryoturbated organic matter exhibits retarded de...
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1956/9765 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.08.004 |
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ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/9765 2023-05-15T15:01:52+02:00 Nitrogen dynamics in Turbic Cryosols from Siberia and Greenland Wild, Birgit Schnecker, Jörg Bárta, Jiří Čapek, Petr Guggenberger, Georg Hofhansl, Florian Kaiser, Christina Lashchinsky, Nikolaj Mikutta, Robert Mooshammer, Maria Šantrůčková, Hana Shibistova, Olga Urich, Tim Zimov, Sergey A. Richter, Andreas 2015-04-01T08:35:28Z application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1956/9765 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.08.004 eng eng Elsevier urn:issn:0038-0717 http://hdl.handle.net/1956/9765 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.08.004 cristin:1098458 Attribution CC BY http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Copyright 2014 The Authors Soil Biology and Biochemistry 67 85-93 Arctic Tundra Cryoturbation Soil organic matter Ecological stoichiometry Nitrogen transformation Protein depolymerization Nitrogen mineralization Nitrification Nitrogen availability VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Physical geography: 455 VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Naturgeografi: 455 VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 Peer reviewed Journal article 2015 ftunivbergen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.08.004 2023-03-14T17:39:33Z Turbic Cryosols (permafrost soils characterized by cryoturbation, i.e., by mixing of soil layers due to freezing and thawing) are widespread across the Arctic, and contain large amounts of poorly decomposed organic material buried in the subsoil. This cryoturbated organic matter exhibits retarded decomposition compared to organic material in the topsoil. Since soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition is known to be tightly linked to N availability, we investigated N transformation rates in different soil horizons of three tundra sites in north-eastern Siberia and Greenland. We measured gross rates of protein depolymerization, N mineralization (ammonification) and nitrification, as well as microbial uptake of amino acids and NH4+ using an array of 15N pool dilution approaches. We found that all sites and horizons were characterized by low N availability, as indicated by low N mineralization compared to protein depolymerization rates (with gross N mineralization accounting on average for 14% of gross protein depolymerization). The proportion of organic N mineralized was significantly higher at the Greenland than at the Siberian sites, suggesting differences in N limitation. The proportion of organic N mineralized, however, did not differ significantly between soil horizons, pointing to a similar N demand of the microbial community of each horizon. In contrast, absolute N transformation rates were significantly lower in cryoturbated than in organic horizons, with cryoturbated horizons reaching not more than 32% of the transformation rates in organic horizons. Our results thus indicate a deceleration of the entire N cycle in cryoturbated soil horizons, especially strongly reduced rates of protein depolymerization (16% of organic horizons) which is considered the rate-limiting step in soil N cycling. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Greenland permafrost Tundra Siberia University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) Arctic Greenland Soil Biology and Biochemistry 67 85 93 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbergen |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic Tundra Cryoturbation Soil organic matter Ecological stoichiometry Nitrogen transformation Protein depolymerization Nitrogen mineralization Nitrification Nitrogen availability VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Physical geography: 455 VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Naturgeografi: 455 VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic Tundra Cryoturbation Soil organic matter Ecological stoichiometry Nitrogen transformation Protein depolymerization Nitrogen mineralization Nitrification Nitrogen availability VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Physical geography: 455 VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Naturgeografi: 455 VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 Wild, Birgit Schnecker, Jörg Bárta, Jiří Čapek, Petr Guggenberger, Georg Hofhansl, Florian Kaiser, Christina Lashchinsky, Nikolaj Mikutta, Robert Mooshammer, Maria Šantrůčková, Hana Shibistova, Olga Urich, Tim Zimov, Sergey A. Richter, Andreas Nitrogen dynamics in Turbic Cryosols from Siberia and Greenland |
topic_facet |
Arctic Tundra Cryoturbation Soil organic matter Ecological stoichiometry Nitrogen transformation Protein depolymerization Nitrogen mineralization Nitrification Nitrogen availability VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Physical geography: 455 VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Naturgeografi: 455 VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 |
description |
Turbic Cryosols (permafrost soils characterized by cryoturbation, i.e., by mixing of soil layers due to freezing and thawing) are widespread across the Arctic, and contain large amounts of poorly decomposed organic material buried in the subsoil. This cryoturbated organic matter exhibits retarded decomposition compared to organic material in the topsoil. Since soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition is known to be tightly linked to N availability, we investigated N transformation rates in different soil horizons of three tundra sites in north-eastern Siberia and Greenland. We measured gross rates of protein depolymerization, N mineralization (ammonification) and nitrification, as well as microbial uptake of amino acids and NH4+ using an array of 15N pool dilution approaches. We found that all sites and horizons were characterized by low N availability, as indicated by low N mineralization compared to protein depolymerization rates (with gross N mineralization accounting on average for 14% of gross protein depolymerization). The proportion of organic N mineralized was significantly higher at the Greenland than at the Siberian sites, suggesting differences in N limitation. The proportion of organic N mineralized, however, did not differ significantly between soil horizons, pointing to a similar N demand of the microbial community of each horizon. In contrast, absolute N transformation rates were significantly lower in cryoturbated than in organic horizons, with cryoturbated horizons reaching not more than 32% of the transformation rates in organic horizons. Our results thus indicate a deceleration of the entire N cycle in cryoturbated soil horizons, especially strongly reduced rates of protein depolymerization (16% of organic horizons) which is considered the rate-limiting step in soil N cycling. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wild, Birgit Schnecker, Jörg Bárta, Jiří Čapek, Petr Guggenberger, Georg Hofhansl, Florian Kaiser, Christina Lashchinsky, Nikolaj Mikutta, Robert Mooshammer, Maria Šantrůčková, Hana Shibistova, Olga Urich, Tim Zimov, Sergey A. Richter, Andreas |
author_facet |
Wild, Birgit Schnecker, Jörg Bárta, Jiří Čapek, Petr Guggenberger, Georg Hofhansl, Florian Kaiser, Christina Lashchinsky, Nikolaj Mikutta, Robert Mooshammer, Maria Šantrůčková, Hana Shibistova, Olga Urich, Tim Zimov, Sergey A. Richter, Andreas |
author_sort |
Wild, Birgit |
title |
Nitrogen dynamics in Turbic Cryosols from Siberia and Greenland |
title_short |
Nitrogen dynamics in Turbic Cryosols from Siberia and Greenland |
title_full |
Nitrogen dynamics in Turbic Cryosols from Siberia and Greenland |
title_fullStr |
Nitrogen dynamics in Turbic Cryosols from Siberia and Greenland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nitrogen dynamics in Turbic Cryosols from Siberia and Greenland |
title_sort |
nitrogen dynamics in turbic cryosols from siberia and greenland |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1956/9765 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.08.004 |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Greenland permafrost Tundra Siberia |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greenland permafrost Tundra Siberia |
op_source |
Soil Biology and Biochemistry 67 85-93 |
op_relation |
urn:issn:0038-0717 http://hdl.handle.net/1956/9765 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.08.004 cristin:1098458 |
op_rights |
Attribution CC BY http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Copyright 2014 The Authors |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.08.004 |
container_title |
Soil Biology and Biochemistry |
container_volume |
67 |
container_start_page |
85 |
op_container_end_page |
93 |
_version_ |
1766333874280857600 |