Modelling the effect of ocean waves on the atmospheric and ocean boundary layers
Ocean waves, in addition to generating direct forces on fixed and floating offshore wind generator structures, also have significant indirect effects via their influence on the atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers above and below the water surface. In the atmospheric boundary layer the waves act...
Published in: | Energy Procedia |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Elsevier
2012
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1956/8689 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.06.098 |
id |
ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/8689 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/8689 2023-05-15T17:47:08+02:00 Modelling the effect of ocean waves on the atmospheric and ocean boundary layers Jenkins, Alastair D. Paskyabi, Mostafa Bakhoday Fer, Ilker Gupta, Alok Adakudlu, Muralidhar 2012 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/1956/8689 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.06.098 eng eng Elsevier Small-scale turbulence dynamics under sea surface gravity waves urn:issn:1876-6102 https://hdl.handle.net/1956/8689 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.06.098 cristin:924509 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs CC BY-NC-ND http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Copyright 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Energy Procedia 24 166-175 ocean waves Atmospheric boundary layer ocean surface boundary layer Numerical modelling Peer reviewed Journal article 2012 ftunivbergen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.06.098 2023-03-14T17:40:45Z Ocean waves, in addition to generating direct forces on fixed and floating offshore wind generator structures, also have significant indirect effects via their influence on the atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers above and below the water surface. In the atmospheric boundary layer the waves act as roughness elements, influencing the turbulent flow and the vertical wind speed profile, and induce oscillatory motions in the airflow. Spray droplets from breaking wave crests enhance structure corrosion, and may lead to icing under low-temperature conditions. Below the water surface, the air-sea momentum flux and mechanical energy flux, mediated by the waves and wave-generated turbulence, affect the vertical profiles of ocean current, temperature, and salinity. Effects include modifying the structural forces and dynamics, and the movement and dispersion of marine organisms, pollutants, and air bubbles generated by breaking waves, with consequences for fouling, corrosion, and environmental impact. Measurement of relevant airflow and ocean dynamical variables is also challenging, as near the water surface it is often necessary to use instruments mounted on moving measurement platforms. Modelling such boundary-layer effects is a complex task, as a result of feedbacks between the airflow, wave field, current field, and turbulence in the atmosphere and the ocean. We present results from a coupled model study of the North Sea and Norwegian Sea area. We employ a mesoscale atmosphere model (WRF) and a spectral wave model (WAM), running simultaneously and coupled using the open-source coupler MCEL which can interpolate between different model grids and time steps. To investigate the ocean boundary layer, one-dimensional model experiments were performed for an idealized Ekman layer and for locations in the North Sea, Atlantic Ocean, and the northern Pacific, using a version of the GOTM turbulence model, modified to take wave dynamics into account. Results show how the wave field alters the ocean’s aerodynamic roughness and ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Norwegian Sea University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) Norwegian Sea Pacific Energy Procedia 24 166 175 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbergen |
language |
English |
topic |
ocean waves Atmospheric boundary layer ocean surface boundary layer Numerical modelling |
spellingShingle |
ocean waves Atmospheric boundary layer ocean surface boundary layer Numerical modelling Jenkins, Alastair D. Paskyabi, Mostafa Bakhoday Fer, Ilker Gupta, Alok Adakudlu, Muralidhar Modelling the effect of ocean waves on the atmospheric and ocean boundary layers |
topic_facet |
ocean waves Atmospheric boundary layer ocean surface boundary layer Numerical modelling |
description |
Ocean waves, in addition to generating direct forces on fixed and floating offshore wind generator structures, also have significant indirect effects via their influence on the atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers above and below the water surface. In the atmospheric boundary layer the waves act as roughness elements, influencing the turbulent flow and the vertical wind speed profile, and induce oscillatory motions in the airflow. Spray droplets from breaking wave crests enhance structure corrosion, and may lead to icing under low-temperature conditions. Below the water surface, the air-sea momentum flux and mechanical energy flux, mediated by the waves and wave-generated turbulence, affect the vertical profiles of ocean current, temperature, and salinity. Effects include modifying the structural forces and dynamics, and the movement and dispersion of marine organisms, pollutants, and air bubbles generated by breaking waves, with consequences for fouling, corrosion, and environmental impact. Measurement of relevant airflow and ocean dynamical variables is also challenging, as near the water surface it is often necessary to use instruments mounted on moving measurement platforms. Modelling such boundary-layer effects is a complex task, as a result of feedbacks between the airflow, wave field, current field, and turbulence in the atmosphere and the ocean. We present results from a coupled model study of the North Sea and Norwegian Sea area. We employ a mesoscale atmosphere model (WRF) and a spectral wave model (WAM), running simultaneously and coupled using the open-source coupler MCEL which can interpolate between different model grids and time steps. To investigate the ocean boundary layer, one-dimensional model experiments were performed for an idealized Ekman layer and for locations in the North Sea, Atlantic Ocean, and the northern Pacific, using a version of the GOTM turbulence model, modified to take wave dynamics into account. Results show how the wave field alters the ocean’s aerodynamic roughness and ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jenkins, Alastair D. Paskyabi, Mostafa Bakhoday Fer, Ilker Gupta, Alok Adakudlu, Muralidhar |
author_facet |
Jenkins, Alastair D. Paskyabi, Mostafa Bakhoday Fer, Ilker Gupta, Alok Adakudlu, Muralidhar |
author_sort |
Jenkins, Alastair D. |
title |
Modelling the effect of ocean waves on the atmospheric and ocean boundary layers |
title_short |
Modelling the effect of ocean waves on the atmospheric and ocean boundary layers |
title_full |
Modelling the effect of ocean waves on the atmospheric and ocean boundary layers |
title_fullStr |
Modelling the effect of ocean waves on the atmospheric and ocean boundary layers |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modelling the effect of ocean waves on the atmospheric and ocean boundary layers |
title_sort |
modelling the effect of ocean waves on the atmospheric and ocean boundary layers |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1956/8689 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.06.098 |
geographic |
Norwegian Sea Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Norwegian Sea Pacific |
genre |
Norwegian Sea |
genre_facet |
Norwegian Sea |
op_source |
Energy Procedia 24 166-175 |
op_relation |
Small-scale turbulence dynamics under sea surface gravity waves urn:issn:1876-6102 https://hdl.handle.net/1956/8689 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.06.098 cristin:924509 |
op_rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs CC BY-NC-ND http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Copyright 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.06.098 |
container_title |
Energy Procedia |
container_volume |
24 |
container_start_page |
166 |
op_container_end_page |
175 |
_version_ |
1766151474416451584 |