Assessment of Atmospheric Reanalyses With Independent Observations in the Weddell Sea, the Antarctic
Surface layer and upper‐air in situ observations from two research vessel cruises and an ice station in the Weddell Sea from 1992 and 1996 are used to validate four current atmospheric reanalysis products: ERA‐Interim, CFSR, JRA‐55, and MERRA‐2. Three of the observation data sets were not available...
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ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/22943 2023-05-15T13:49:22+02:00 Assessment of Atmospheric Reanalyses With Independent Observations in the Weddell Sea, the Antarctic Jonassen, Marius Opsanger Valisuo, Ilona Vihma, Timo Uotila, Petteri Makshtas, Alexander, P. Launiainen, Jouko 2020-02-10T14:44:27Z application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/1956/22943 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jd030897 eng eng AGU urn:issn:2169-9402 urn:issn:2169-9380 https://hdl.handle.net/1956/22943 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jd030897 cristin:1784077 Attribution CC BY http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Copyright 2019 The Author(s) Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics Peer reviewed Journal article 2020 ftunivbergen https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jd030897 2023-03-14T17:43:33Z Surface layer and upper‐air in situ observations from two research vessel cruises and an ice station in the Weddell Sea from 1992 and 1996 are used to validate four current atmospheric reanalysis products: ERA‐Interim, CFSR, JRA‐55, and MERRA‐2. Three of the observation data sets were not available for assimilation, providing a rare opportunity to validate the reanalyses in the otherwise datasparse region of the Antarctic against independent data. All four reanalyses produce 2 m temperatures warmer than the observations, and the biases vary from +2.0 K in CFSR to +2.8 K in MERRA‐2. All four reanalyses are generally too warm also higher up in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), with biases up to +1.4 K (ERA‐Interim). Cloud fractions are relatively poorly reproduced by the reanalyses, MERRA‐2 and JRA‐55 having the strongest positive and negative biases of about +30 % and −17 %, respectively. Skill scores of the error statistics reveal that ERA‐Interim compares generally the most favorably against both the surface layer and the upper‐air observations. CFSR compares the second best and JRA‐55 and MERRA‐2 have the least favorable scores. The ABL warm bias is consistent with previous evaluation studies in high latitudes, where more recent observations have been applied. As the amount of observations has varied depending on the decade, season, and region, the consistency of the warm bias suggests a need to improve the modeling systems, including data assimilation as well as ABL and surface parameterizations. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Weddell Sea University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) Antarctic Merra ENVELOPE(12.615,12.615,65.816,65.816) The Antarctic Weddell Weddell Sea Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 124 23 12468 12484 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbergen |
language |
English |
description |
Surface layer and upper‐air in situ observations from two research vessel cruises and an ice station in the Weddell Sea from 1992 and 1996 are used to validate four current atmospheric reanalysis products: ERA‐Interim, CFSR, JRA‐55, and MERRA‐2. Three of the observation data sets were not available for assimilation, providing a rare opportunity to validate the reanalyses in the otherwise datasparse region of the Antarctic against independent data. All four reanalyses produce 2 m temperatures warmer than the observations, and the biases vary from +2.0 K in CFSR to +2.8 K in MERRA‐2. All four reanalyses are generally too warm also higher up in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), with biases up to +1.4 K (ERA‐Interim). Cloud fractions are relatively poorly reproduced by the reanalyses, MERRA‐2 and JRA‐55 having the strongest positive and negative biases of about +30 % and −17 %, respectively. Skill scores of the error statistics reveal that ERA‐Interim compares generally the most favorably against both the surface layer and the upper‐air observations. CFSR compares the second best and JRA‐55 and MERRA‐2 have the least favorable scores. The ABL warm bias is consistent with previous evaluation studies in high latitudes, where more recent observations have been applied. As the amount of observations has varied depending on the decade, season, and region, the consistency of the warm bias suggests a need to improve the modeling systems, including data assimilation as well as ABL and surface parameterizations. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jonassen, Marius Opsanger Valisuo, Ilona Vihma, Timo Uotila, Petteri Makshtas, Alexander, P. Launiainen, Jouko |
spellingShingle |
Jonassen, Marius Opsanger Valisuo, Ilona Vihma, Timo Uotila, Petteri Makshtas, Alexander, P. Launiainen, Jouko Assessment of Atmospheric Reanalyses With Independent Observations in the Weddell Sea, the Antarctic |
author_facet |
Jonassen, Marius Opsanger Valisuo, Ilona Vihma, Timo Uotila, Petteri Makshtas, Alexander, P. Launiainen, Jouko |
author_sort |
Jonassen, Marius Opsanger |
title |
Assessment of Atmospheric Reanalyses With Independent Observations in the Weddell Sea, the Antarctic |
title_short |
Assessment of Atmospheric Reanalyses With Independent Observations in the Weddell Sea, the Antarctic |
title_full |
Assessment of Atmospheric Reanalyses With Independent Observations in the Weddell Sea, the Antarctic |
title_fullStr |
Assessment of Atmospheric Reanalyses With Independent Observations in the Weddell Sea, the Antarctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Assessment of Atmospheric Reanalyses With Independent Observations in the Weddell Sea, the Antarctic |
title_sort |
assessment of atmospheric reanalyses with independent observations in the weddell sea, the antarctic |
publisher |
AGU |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1956/22943 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jd030897 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(12.615,12.615,65.816,65.816) |
geographic |
Antarctic Merra The Antarctic Weddell Weddell Sea |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Merra The Antarctic Weddell Weddell Sea |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Weddell Sea |
op_source |
Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics |
op_relation |
urn:issn:2169-9402 urn:issn:2169-9380 https://hdl.handle.net/1956/22943 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jd030897 cristin:1784077 |
op_rights |
Attribution CC BY http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Copyright 2019 The Author(s) |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jd030897 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
container_volume |
124 |
container_issue |
23 |
container_start_page |
12468 |
op_container_end_page |
12484 |
_version_ |
1766251274275127296 |