Modeling early life history of cod
Newly hatched Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae face an uncertain future when they first enter their marine pelagic habitat. Prior to complete yolk absorption, the larvae will have to find food. This process includes the visual encounter, pursuit and attack, and capture and digestion of the prey it...
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Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
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The University of Bergen
2007
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1956/2190 |
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ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/2190 |
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openpolar |
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University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) |
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ftunivbergen |
language |
English |
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VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470 |
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VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470 Kristiansen, Trond Modeling early life history of cod |
topic_facet |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470 |
description |
Newly hatched Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae face an uncertain future when they first enter their marine pelagic habitat. Prior to complete yolk absorption, the larvae will have to find food. This process includes the visual encounter, pursuit and attack, and capture and digestion of the prey item for utilization to meet energetic demands for metabolism and growth. However, food is not always easy to find and it is essential for larval survival that they encounter habitats where prey are abundant, and that the prey are of edible size. Fast growth ensures short time as small vulnerable larvae in a marine habitat consisting of numerous predators. This thesis emphasizes the use of individual-based models to explore and understand the various mechanisms that determine successful growth and survival through the early pelagic life stages of cod (Gadus morhua). We model larval feeding, growth, behavior, and survival, under various environmental settings at the spawning and nursery grounds along the coast of northern Norway and at Georges Bank located on the eastern coast of USA. Paper 1 focuses on the assemblage of a mechanistic individual-based model (IBM) for larval and early juvenile cod, and the validation of the model by comparing observed and modeled data. Validation and forcing data consisted of biological and environmental data from a controlled environment (macrocosm). Larval cod are able to move up and down in the water column in a prescribed manner by following rules of behavior. Vertical behavior elevates larval growth rates, compared to growth achieved under random behavior. Maximum growth rates are achieved for larvae in environments where prey density exceeded 10 nauplii·L-1. The implementation of vertical behavior in IBMs of larval fish was elaborated in Paper 2. Strong gradients in pelagic horizontal currents create different dispersal patterns of larval fish at different depths. This will in turn have strong effects on the integrated survival, growth, and dispersal of larval fish. Adaptive traits ... |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Kristiansen, Trond |
author_facet |
Kristiansen, Trond |
author_sort |
Kristiansen, Trond |
title |
Modeling early life history of cod |
title_short |
Modeling early life history of cod |
title_full |
Modeling early life history of cod |
title_fullStr |
Modeling early life history of cod |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modeling early life history of cod |
title_sort |
modeling early life history of cod |
publisher |
The University of Bergen |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1956/2190 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Arctic atlantic cod Gadus morhua Northern Norway |
genre_facet |
Arctic atlantic cod Gadus morhua Northern Norway |
op_relation |
Paper I: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64(1), Trond Kristiansen, Øyvind Fiksen, and Arild Folkvord, Modelling feeding, growth and habitat selection in larval cod (Gadus morhua) : observations and model predictions in a macrocosm environment, pp. 136-151. Submitted version. Copyright 2007 NRC Press. Paper II: Øyvind Fiksen, Christian Jørgensen, Trond Kristiansen, Frode Vikebø, and Geir Huse, Linking behavioural ecology and oceanography: larval behaviour determines growth, mortality, and dispersal. Preprint. Accepted for publication in Marine Ecology Progress Series. Published by Inter-Research. Paper III: Trond Kristiansen, Christian Jørgensen, R. Gregory Lough, Frode Vikebø, and Øyvind Fiksen, Trading risk and growth: exploring behavioral rules of larval cod on Georges Bank. Submitted version Paper IV: Trond Kristiansen, R. Gregory Lough, Francisco E. Werner, Elisabeth Broughton, and Larry J. Buckley, Modeling prey selection and growth of larval cod on Georges Bank. Submitted version Paper V: Frode Vikebø, Christian Jørgensen, Trond Kristiansen, and Øyvind Fiksen, Drift, growth and survival of larval Northeast Arctic cod with simple rules of behaviour. Preprint. Accepted for publication in Marine Ecology Progress Series. Published by Inter-Research. Paper VI: Trond Kristiansen, Frode Vikebø, Svein Sundby, Geir Huse, and Øyvind Fiksen, Growth and feeding of larval cod (Gadus morhua) in large-scale latitudinal environmental gradients. Submitted version urn:isbn:978-82-308-0333-2 (print version) http://hdl.handle.net/1956/2190 |
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ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/2190 2023-05-15T14:28:14+02:00 Modeling early life history of cod Kristiansen, Trond 2007-03-02 1443414 bytes 4733906 bytes 1118605 bytes 2614226 bytes 5163801 bytes 3501356 bytes 5745455 bytes application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1956/2190 eng eng The University of Bergen Paper I: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64(1), Trond Kristiansen, Øyvind Fiksen, and Arild Folkvord, Modelling feeding, growth and habitat selection in larval cod (Gadus morhua) : observations and model predictions in a macrocosm environment, pp. 136-151. Submitted version. Copyright 2007 NRC Press. Paper II: Øyvind Fiksen, Christian Jørgensen, Trond Kristiansen, Frode Vikebø, and Geir Huse, Linking behavioural ecology and oceanography: larval behaviour determines growth, mortality, and dispersal. Preprint. Accepted for publication in Marine Ecology Progress Series. Published by Inter-Research. Paper III: Trond Kristiansen, Christian Jørgensen, R. Gregory Lough, Frode Vikebø, and Øyvind Fiksen, Trading risk and growth: exploring behavioral rules of larval cod on Georges Bank. Submitted version Paper IV: Trond Kristiansen, R. Gregory Lough, Francisco E. Werner, Elisabeth Broughton, and Larry J. Buckley, Modeling prey selection and growth of larval cod on Georges Bank. Submitted version Paper V: Frode Vikebø, Christian Jørgensen, Trond Kristiansen, and Øyvind Fiksen, Drift, growth and survival of larval Northeast Arctic cod with simple rules of behaviour. Preprint. Accepted for publication in Marine Ecology Progress Series. Published by Inter-Research. Paper VI: Trond Kristiansen, Frode Vikebø, Svein Sundby, Geir Huse, and Øyvind Fiksen, Growth and feeding of larval cod (Gadus morhua) in large-scale latitudinal environmental gradients. Submitted version urn:isbn:978-82-308-0333-2 (print version) http://hdl.handle.net/1956/2190 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470 Doctoral thesis 2007 ftunivbergen 2023-03-14T17:43:07Z Newly hatched Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae face an uncertain future when they first enter their marine pelagic habitat. Prior to complete yolk absorption, the larvae will have to find food. This process includes the visual encounter, pursuit and attack, and capture and digestion of the prey item for utilization to meet energetic demands for metabolism and growth. However, food is not always easy to find and it is essential for larval survival that they encounter habitats where prey are abundant, and that the prey are of edible size. Fast growth ensures short time as small vulnerable larvae in a marine habitat consisting of numerous predators. This thesis emphasizes the use of individual-based models to explore and understand the various mechanisms that determine successful growth and survival through the early pelagic life stages of cod (Gadus morhua). We model larval feeding, growth, behavior, and survival, under various environmental settings at the spawning and nursery grounds along the coast of northern Norway and at Georges Bank located on the eastern coast of USA. Paper 1 focuses on the assemblage of a mechanistic individual-based model (IBM) for larval and early juvenile cod, and the validation of the model by comparing observed and modeled data. Validation and forcing data consisted of biological and environmental data from a controlled environment (macrocosm). Larval cod are able to move up and down in the water column in a prescribed manner by following rules of behavior. Vertical behavior elevates larval growth rates, compared to growth achieved under random behavior. Maximum growth rates are achieved for larvae in environments where prey density exceeded 10 nauplii·L-1. The implementation of vertical behavior in IBMs of larval fish was elaborated in Paper 2. Strong gradients in pelagic horizontal currents create different dispersal patterns of larval fish at different depths. This will in turn have strong effects on the integrated survival, growth, and dispersal of larval fish. Adaptive traits ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Arctic atlantic cod Gadus morhua Northern Norway University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) Norway |