Interpreting the polychromatic variation of the European nudibranch Polycera quadrilineata (O. F. Müller, 1776), with the description of a new species
The polychromatic variability exhibited by the dorid nudibranch species Polycera quadrilineata (O. F. Müller, 1776) (Family Polyceridae) has long fascinated marine scientists. The species was originally described from the Oslofjord (Drøbak) in Norway and is distributed between Lofoten (Northern Norw...
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The University of Bergen
2020
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ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/21296 2023-05-15T17:08:19+02:00 Interpreting the polychromatic variation of the European nudibranch Polycera quadrilineata (O. F. Müller, 1776), with the description of a new species Sørensen, Cecilie Gotaas 2020-01-17T23:00:04Z application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/1956/21296 eng eng The University of Bergen https://hdl.handle.net/1956/21296 Copyright the Author. All rights reserved taxonomy COI gene Polychromatic variation morpho-anatomy Gastropoda population genetics species delimitation analysis phylogeny Nudibranchia cryptic species 751999 Master thesis 2020 ftunivbergen 2023-03-14T17:44:58Z The polychromatic variability exhibited by the dorid nudibranch species Polycera quadrilineata (O. F. Müller, 1776) (Family Polyceridae) has long fascinated marine scientists. The species was originally described from the Oslofjord (Drøbak) in Norway and is distributed between Lofoten (Northern Norway) throughout the Atlantic to the Iberian Peninsula, the Mediterranean Sea, and the archipelagos of the Azores, Madeira, and Canary Islands, where it often occurs in kelp forests in the vicinity of its bryozoan-prey. The increasing detection of cryptic species in nudibranch gastropods, and other marine invertebrates, has raised the question whether the chromatic variability within P. quadrilineata could hide cryptic lineages or still be consistent with the hypothesis of a single entity. In order to test this hypothesis, samples from across the geographical range of P. quadrilineata together with representatives from worldwide species, with a focus on the Atlantic diversity, were gathered and studied using an integrative taxonomic approach. Morpho-anatomical characters were investigated by light -and scanning electron microscopy, and novel sequences (66) of the universal barcoding mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) were generated and gathered from DNA databases (47). Bayesian molecular phylogenetic analysis using MrBayes, the Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery species delimitation method, and a haplotype network analysis using the PopArt software were used to aid delimit species and infer relationships. The results revealed the existence of a second polychromatic cryptic species within P. quadrilineata, here named Polycera n. sp., so far only known from Norway where it is sympatric with P. quadrilineata. The genetic distance between the two species was estimated to be 9.6–12.4% (COI uncorrected p-distance). Chromatically Polycera n. sp. differs by exhibiting a black dotted or patchy dotted pattern occasionally with orange/brown blotches, but never black stripes like P. quadrilineata. However, the two ... Master Thesis Lofoten Northern Norway University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) Lofoten Norway |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbergen |
language |
English |
topic |
taxonomy COI gene Polychromatic variation morpho-anatomy Gastropoda population genetics species delimitation analysis phylogeny Nudibranchia cryptic species 751999 |
spellingShingle |
taxonomy COI gene Polychromatic variation morpho-anatomy Gastropoda population genetics species delimitation analysis phylogeny Nudibranchia cryptic species 751999 Sørensen, Cecilie Gotaas Interpreting the polychromatic variation of the European nudibranch Polycera quadrilineata (O. F. Müller, 1776), with the description of a new species |
topic_facet |
taxonomy COI gene Polychromatic variation morpho-anatomy Gastropoda population genetics species delimitation analysis phylogeny Nudibranchia cryptic species 751999 |
description |
The polychromatic variability exhibited by the dorid nudibranch species Polycera quadrilineata (O. F. Müller, 1776) (Family Polyceridae) has long fascinated marine scientists. The species was originally described from the Oslofjord (Drøbak) in Norway and is distributed between Lofoten (Northern Norway) throughout the Atlantic to the Iberian Peninsula, the Mediterranean Sea, and the archipelagos of the Azores, Madeira, and Canary Islands, where it often occurs in kelp forests in the vicinity of its bryozoan-prey. The increasing detection of cryptic species in nudibranch gastropods, and other marine invertebrates, has raised the question whether the chromatic variability within P. quadrilineata could hide cryptic lineages or still be consistent with the hypothesis of a single entity. In order to test this hypothesis, samples from across the geographical range of P. quadrilineata together with representatives from worldwide species, with a focus on the Atlantic diversity, were gathered and studied using an integrative taxonomic approach. Morpho-anatomical characters were investigated by light -and scanning electron microscopy, and novel sequences (66) of the universal barcoding mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) were generated and gathered from DNA databases (47). Bayesian molecular phylogenetic analysis using MrBayes, the Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery species delimitation method, and a haplotype network analysis using the PopArt software were used to aid delimit species and infer relationships. The results revealed the existence of a second polychromatic cryptic species within P. quadrilineata, here named Polycera n. sp., so far only known from Norway where it is sympatric with P. quadrilineata. The genetic distance between the two species was estimated to be 9.6–12.4% (COI uncorrected p-distance). Chromatically Polycera n. sp. differs by exhibiting a black dotted or patchy dotted pattern occasionally with orange/brown blotches, but never black stripes like P. quadrilineata. However, the two ... |
format |
Master Thesis |
author |
Sørensen, Cecilie Gotaas |
author_facet |
Sørensen, Cecilie Gotaas |
author_sort |
Sørensen, Cecilie Gotaas |
title |
Interpreting the polychromatic variation of the European nudibranch Polycera quadrilineata (O. F. Müller, 1776), with the description of a new species |
title_short |
Interpreting the polychromatic variation of the European nudibranch Polycera quadrilineata (O. F. Müller, 1776), with the description of a new species |
title_full |
Interpreting the polychromatic variation of the European nudibranch Polycera quadrilineata (O. F. Müller, 1776), with the description of a new species |
title_fullStr |
Interpreting the polychromatic variation of the European nudibranch Polycera quadrilineata (O. F. Müller, 1776), with the description of a new species |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interpreting the polychromatic variation of the European nudibranch Polycera quadrilineata (O. F. Müller, 1776), with the description of a new species |
title_sort |
interpreting the polychromatic variation of the european nudibranch polycera quadrilineata (o. f. müller, 1776), with the description of a new species |
publisher |
The University of Bergen |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1956/21296 |
geographic |
Lofoten Norway |
geographic_facet |
Lofoten Norway |
genre |
Lofoten Northern Norway |
genre_facet |
Lofoten Northern Norway |
op_relation |
https://hdl.handle.net/1956/21296 |
op_rights |
Copyright the Author. All rights reserved |
_version_ |
1766064052480507904 |