Petrography, geochemistry and sedimentology of sandstones from the Central Tertiary Basin of Svalbard – implications for diagenesis and temperature history
Svalbard, representing an uplifted area of the north-western Barents Sea Shelf, provides a unique opportunity for studying on-shore outcrops of the shelf. The present study focuses on Paleocene-Eocene deposits of the Central Tertiary Basin (CTB), located in central-southern parts of Spitsbergen. Des...
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The University of Bergen
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ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/20908 2023-05-15T15:39:07+02:00 Petrography, geochemistry and sedimentology of sandstones from the Central Tertiary Basin of Svalbard – implications for diagenesis and temperature history Osaland, Elisabeth 2019-10-02T22:00:04Z application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/1956/20908 nob nob The University of Bergen https://hdl.handle.net/1956/20908 Copyright the Author. All rights reserved 756199 Master thesis 2019 ftunivbergen 2023-03-14T17:40:46Z Svalbard, representing an uplifted area of the north-western Barents Sea Shelf, provides a unique opportunity for studying on-shore outcrops of the shelf. The present study focuses on Paleocene-Eocene deposits of the Central Tertiary Basin (CTB), located in central-southern parts of Spitsbergen. Despite the large number of studies concerning diagenetic alteration of sedimentary rocks, parameters controlling the types and distribution of authigenic minerals are still not fully understood. Here, I systematically relate the early diagenetic minerals of the Firkanten, Grumantbyen and Aspelintoppen formations to sandstone composition and depositional environment. The identification of these diagenetic minerals integrates petrographic observations obtained from thin section analyses (optical microscopy and SEM) and XRD-analysis. Sedimentological analysis is supplemented by geochemical data, providing a better understanding of large- and small-scale variations in lithology and, thus, depositional environment. The different authigenic mineral assemblages of the sandstones of the Firkanten, Grumantbyen and Aspelintoppen formations are related to their different detrital compositions and depositional environment. The generally higher porosity values of the Grumantbyen Formation sandstones may be ascribed to the occurrence of grain coating chlorite, preventing precipitation of quartz cement at great burial depths. The relatively homogenous nature of these sandstones provides conditions favourable for precipitation of early berthierine rims. At temperatures of about 90oC (i.e. subsequent to the onset of quartz cementation) berthierine is altered into chlorite, suggesting that early diagenetic berthierine-rims, rather than later burial grain-coating chlorite, is responsible for preventing quartz cementation. The occurrence of glauconite in the lowermost part of the Firkanten Formation (Todalen Member), accompanied by abundant framboidal pyrite, may indicate the onset of transgressive conditions and deposition of the ... Master Thesis Barents Sea Grumantby* Svalbard Spitsbergen University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) Aspelintoppen ENVELOPE(16.750,16.750,77.767,77.767) Barents Sea Grumantbyen ENVELOPE(15.096,15.096,78.173,78.173) Svalbard Todalen ENVELOPE(8.716,8.716,62.814,62.814) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbergen |
language |
Norwegian Bokmål |
topic |
756199 |
spellingShingle |
756199 Osaland, Elisabeth Petrography, geochemistry and sedimentology of sandstones from the Central Tertiary Basin of Svalbard – implications for diagenesis and temperature history |
topic_facet |
756199 |
description |
Svalbard, representing an uplifted area of the north-western Barents Sea Shelf, provides a unique opportunity for studying on-shore outcrops of the shelf. The present study focuses on Paleocene-Eocene deposits of the Central Tertiary Basin (CTB), located in central-southern parts of Spitsbergen. Despite the large number of studies concerning diagenetic alteration of sedimentary rocks, parameters controlling the types and distribution of authigenic minerals are still not fully understood. Here, I systematically relate the early diagenetic minerals of the Firkanten, Grumantbyen and Aspelintoppen formations to sandstone composition and depositional environment. The identification of these diagenetic minerals integrates petrographic observations obtained from thin section analyses (optical microscopy and SEM) and XRD-analysis. Sedimentological analysis is supplemented by geochemical data, providing a better understanding of large- and small-scale variations in lithology and, thus, depositional environment. The different authigenic mineral assemblages of the sandstones of the Firkanten, Grumantbyen and Aspelintoppen formations are related to their different detrital compositions and depositional environment. The generally higher porosity values of the Grumantbyen Formation sandstones may be ascribed to the occurrence of grain coating chlorite, preventing precipitation of quartz cement at great burial depths. The relatively homogenous nature of these sandstones provides conditions favourable for precipitation of early berthierine rims. At temperatures of about 90oC (i.e. subsequent to the onset of quartz cementation) berthierine is altered into chlorite, suggesting that early diagenetic berthierine-rims, rather than later burial grain-coating chlorite, is responsible for preventing quartz cementation. The occurrence of glauconite in the lowermost part of the Firkanten Formation (Todalen Member), accompanied by abundant framboidal pyrite, may indicate the onset of transgressive conditions and deposition of the ... |
format |
Master Thesis |
author |
Osaland, Elisabeth |
author_facet |
Osaland, Elisabeth |
author_sort |
Osaland, Elisabeth |
title |
Petrography, geochemistry and sedimentology of sandstones from the Central Tertiary Basin of Svalbard – implications for diagenesis and temperature history |
title_short |
Petrography, geochemistry and sedimentology of sandstones from the Central Tertiary Basin of Svalbard – implications for diagenesis and temperature history |
title_full |
Petrography, geochemistry and sedimentology of sandstones from the Central Tertiary Basin of Svalbard – implications for diagenesis and temperature history |
title_fullStr |
Petrography, geochemistry and sedimentology of sandstones from the Central Tertiary Basin of Svalbard – implications for diagenesis and temperature history |
title_full_unstemmed |
Petrography, geochemistry and sedimentology of sandstones from the Central Tertiary Basin of Svalbard – implications for diagenesis and temperature history |
title_sort |
petrography, geochemistry and sedimentology of sandstones from the central tertiary basin of svalbard – implications for diagenesis and temperature history |
publisher |
The University of Bergen |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1956/20908 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(16.750,16.750,77.767,77.767) ENVELOPE(15.096,15.096,78.173,78.173) ENVELOPE(8.716,8.716,62.814,62.814) |
geographic |
Aspelintoppen Barents Sea Grumantbyen Svalbard Todalen |
geographic_facet |
Aspelintoppen Barents Sea Grumantbyen Svalbard Todalen |
genre |
Barents Sea Grumantby* Svalbard Spitsbergen |
genre_facet |
Barents Sea Grumantby* Svalbard Spitsbergen |
op_relation |
https://hdl.handle.net/1956/20908 |
op_rights |
Copyright the Author. All rights reserved |
_version_ |
1766370558922981376 |