Glacier dynamics in the fjords of Svalbard, inferred from submarine landforms and marine sediment cores
This thesis presents a reconstruction of the late Weichselian, deglacial and Holocene glacial history of the Svalbard fjords, focusing on eastern Svalbard. The study is based on high-resolution multibeam data, shallow acoustic (chirp) data, marine sediment cores, historical maps and aerial- satellit...
Published in: | Quaternary Science Reviews |
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Main Author: | |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
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The University of Bergen
2017
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1956/16733 |
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ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/16733 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbergen |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450 Flink, Anne Elina Glacier dynamics in the fjords of Svalbard, inferred from submarine landforms and marine sediment cores |
topic_facet |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450 |
description |
This thesis presents a reconstruction of the late Weichselian, deglacial and Holocene glacial history of the Svalbard fjords, focusing on eastern Svalbard. The study is based on high-resolution multibeam data, shallow acoustic (chirp) data, marine sediment cores, historical maps and aerial- satellite images. During the Last Glacial Maximum the Svalbard Barents Sea ice sheet reached the shelf edge around Svalbard and was drained by large ice streams along its western and northern margins, located in the same areas as the present day cross-shelf troughs. In northeastern Svalbard, fast- flowing ice converged into the Hinlopen Strait ice stream from the surrounding fjords. Submarine landforms indicate that ice flow velocities increased as ice flowed from the inner- to the outer fjords and the shelf. The deglaciation from the northeastern shelf edge proceeded rapidly by ice lift-off in the troughs and deeper parts of the fjords, whereas the shallower areas experienced slower retreat with minor re-advances. The inner fjords around Nordaustlandet were ice free prior to 11.3-10.5 ka BP years. During early- to mid-Holocene tidewater glaciers in Mohnbukta and Vaigattbogen experienced at least one surge-type advance. These pre-Little Ice Age surges differentiate the east coast glaciers from the west coast glaciers. The early Holocene advance in Mohnbukta has been attributed to rapid climatic and environmental change at the end of the deglaciation, leading to dynamic disequilibrium and an environmentally induced jump into surge-mode. This suggests a more dynamic Holocene glacial history in Svalbard than previously stated, also indicating that the role of climate is more important in the evolution of general surge patterns than previously presumed. Similarly, climatic and environmental changes at the end of the Little Ice Age could explain why many Svalbard glaciers, both on the west and east coasts surged in that time period. Today, the majority of Svalbard’s fjords accommodate tidewater glaciers, of which several have been ... |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Flink, Anne Elina |
author_facet |
Flink, Anne Elina |
author_sort |
Flink, Anne Elina |
title |
Glacier dynamics in the fjords of Svalbard, inferred from submarine landforms and marine sediment cores |
title_short |
Glacier dynamics in the fjords of Svalbard, inferred from submarine landforms and marine sediment cores |
title_full |
Glacier dynamics in the fjords of Svalbard, inferred from submarine landforms and marine sediment cores |
title_fullStr |
Glacier dynamics in the fjords of Svalbard, inferred from submarine landforms and marine sediment cores |
title_full_unstemmed |
Glacier dynamics in the fjords of Svalbard, inferred from submarine landforms and marine sediment cores |
title_sort |
glacier dynamics in the fjords of svalbard, inferred from submarine landforms and marine sediment cores |
publisher |
The University of Bergen |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1956/16733 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(18.917,18.917,78.267,78.267) ENVELOPE(22.400,22.400,79.800,79.800) ENVELOPE(18.967,18.967,79.233,79.233) |
geographic |
Barents Sea Mohnbukta Nordaustlandet Svalbard Vaigattbogen |
geographic_facet |
Barents Sea Mohnbukta Nordaustlandet Svalbard Vaigattbogen |
genre |
Barents Sea glacier Hinlopen Strait Ice Sheet Nordaustlandet Sea ice Svalbard Svalbard-Barents Sea Ice sheet Tidewater |
genre_facet |
Barents Sea glacier Hinlopen Strait Ice Sheet Nordaustlandet Sea ice Svalbard Svalbard-Barents Sea Ice sheet Tidewater |
op_relation |
Paper I: Flink, A. E., Noormets, R., Kirchner, N., Benn, D. I., Luckman, A., & Lovell, H. (2015): The evolution of a submarine landform record following recent and multiple surges of Tunabreen glacier, Svalbard. Quaternary Science Reviews. Vol. 108: 37-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.11.006 Paper II: Flink, A. E., Noormets, R., Fransner, O., Hogan, A. K., Ó Regan, M., & Jakobsson, M. (2017): Past ice flow in Wahlenbergfjorden and its implications for late Quaternary ice sheet dynamics in northeastern Svalbard. Quaternary Science Reviews. Vol. 163: 162-179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.03.021 Paper III: Flink, A. E., Hill, P., Noormets, R., & Kirchner, N. (In prep): Glacial evolution of Mohnbukta fjord in eastern Spitsbergen inferred from submarine landform and sediment core records. Boreas. Submitted. Full-text not available in BORA. Paper IV: Flink, A. E., & Noormets, R. (In prep): The glacial history of Vaigattbogen, eastern Spitsbergen. Marine Geology. Submitted. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2017.07.019 Paper V: Fransner, O., Noormets, R., Flink, A., Hogan, K., O'Regan, M., Jakobsson, M. (2017): Glacial landforms and their implications for glacier dynamics in Rijpfjorden en, northern Nordaustlandet, Svalbard. Journal of Quaternary Science. Vol. 32(3): 437-455. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2938 Paper VI: Flink, A. E., Noormets, R., & Kirchner, N. (2016): Annual moraine ridges in Tempelfjorden, Spitsbergen. In: Atlas of Submarine glacial landforms: Modern, Quaternary and Ancient. Geological Society, London, Memoirs. (46): 75-76. Full-text not available in BORA. https://doi.org/10.1144/M46.64 https://hdl.handle.net/1956/16733 |
op_rights |
Copyright the Author. All rights reserved. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2938 |
container_title |
Quaternary Science Reviews |
container_volume |
108 |
container_start_page |
37 |
op_container_end_page |
50 |
_version_ |
1766370647204691968 |
spelling |
ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/16733 2023-05-15T15:39:11+02:00 Glacier dynamics in the fjords of Svalbard, inferred from submarine landforms and marine sediment cores Flink, Anne Elina 2017-09-19 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/1956/16733 eng eng The University of Bergen Paper I: Flink, A. E., Noormets, R., Kirchner, N., Benn, D. I., Luckman, A., & Lovell, H. (2015): The evolution of a submarine landform record following recent and multiple surges of Tunabreen glacier, Svalbard. Quaternary Science Reviews. Vol. 108: 37-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.11.006 Paper II: Flink, A. E., Noormets, R., Fransner, O., Hogan, A. K., Ó Regan, M., & Jakobsson, M. (2017): Past ice flow in Wahlenbergfjorden and its implications for late Quaternary ice sheet dynamics in northeastern Svalbard. Quaternary Science Reviews. Vol. 163: 162-179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.03.021 Paper III: Flink, A. E., Hill, P., Noormets, R., & Kirchner, N. (In prep): Glacial evolution of Mohnbukta fjord in eastern Spitsbergen inferred from submarine landform and sediment core records. Boreas. Submitted. Full-text not available in BORA. Paper IV: Flink, A. E., & Noormets, R. (In prep): The glacial history of Vaigattbogen, eastern Spitsbergen. Marine Geology. Submitted. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2017.07.019 Paper V: Fransner, O., Noormets, R., Flink, A., Hogan, K., O'Regan, M., Jakobsson, M. (2017): Glacial landforms and their implications for glacier dynamics in Rijpfjorden en, northern Nordaustlandet, Svalbard. Journal of Quaternary Science. Vol. 32(3): 437-455. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2938 Paper VI: Flink, A. E., Noormets, R., & Kirchner, N. (2016): Annual moraine ridges in Tempelfjorden, Spitsbergen. In: Atlas of Submarine glacial landforms: Modern, Quaternary and Ancient. Geological Society, London, Memoirs. (46): 75-76. Full-text not available in BORA. https://doi.org/10.1144/M46.64 https://hdl.handle.net/1956/16733 Copyright the Author. All rights reserved. VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450 Doctoral thesis 2017 ftunivbergen https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2938 2023-03-14T17:44:37Z This thesis presents a reconstruction of the late Weichselian, deglacial and Holocene glacial history of the Svalbard fjords, focusing on eastern Svalbard. The study is based on high-resolution multibeam data, shallow acoustic (chirp) data, marine sediment cores, historical maps and aerial- satellite images. During the Last Glacial Maximum the Svalbard Barents Sea ice sheet reached the shelf edge around Svalbard and was drained by large ice streams along its western and northern margins, located in the same areas as the present day cross-shelf troughs. In northeastern Svalbard, fast- flowing ice converged into the Hinlopen Strait ice stream from the surrounding fjords. Submarine landforms indicate that ice flow velocities increased as ice flowed from the inner- to the outer fjords and the shelf. The deglaciation from the northeastern shelf edge proceeded rapidly by ice lift-off in the troughs and deeper parts of the fjords, whereas the shallower areas experienced slower retreat with minor re-advances. The inner fjords around Nordaustlandet were ice free prior to 11.3-10.5 ka BP years. During early- to mid-Holocene tidewater glaciers in Mohnbukta and Vaigattbogen experienced at least one surge-type advance. These pre-Little Ice Age surges differentiate the east coast glaciers from the west coast glaciers. The early Holocene advance in Mohnbukta has been attributed to rapid climatic and environmental change at the end of the deglaciation, leading to dynamic disequilibrium and an environmentally induced jump into surge-mode. This suggests a more dynamic Holocene glacial history in Svalbard than previously stated, also indicating that the role of climate is more important in the evolution of general surge patterns than previously presumed. Similarly, climatic and environmental changes at the end of the Little Ice Age could explain why many Svalbard glaciers, both on the west and east coasts surged in that time period. Today, the majority of Svalbard’s fjords accommodate tidewater glaciers, of which several have been ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Barents Sea glacier Hinlopen Strait Ice Sheet Nordaustlandet Sea ice Svalbard Svalbard-Barents Sea Ice sheet Tidewater University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) Barents Sea Mohnbukta ENVELOPE(18.917,18.917,78.267,78.267) Nordaustlandet ENVELOPE(22.400,22.400,79.800,79.800) Svalbard Vaigattbogen ENVELOPE(18.967,18.967,79.233,79.233) Quaternary Science Reviews 108 37 50 |