Turbulent heat and momentum fluxes in the upper ocean under Arctic sea ice
We report observations of heat and momentum fluxes measured in the ice-ocean boundary layer from four drift stations between January and June 2015, covering from the typical Arctic basin conditions in the Nansen Basin to energetic spots of interaction with the warm Atlantic Water branches near the Y...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1956/16640 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jc012283 |
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ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/16640 2023-05-15T14:23:32+02:00 Turbulent heat and momentum fluxes in the upper ocean under Arctic sea ice Peterson, Algot Kristoffer Fer, Ilker McPhee, Miles G. Randelhoff, Achim 2017-08-10T17:14:41Z application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/1956/16640 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jc012283 eng eng Wiley Mixing processes in the changing Arctic Ocean Norges forskningsråd: 229786 urn:issn:2169-9291 urn:issn:2169-9275 https://hdl.handle.net/1956/16640 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jc012283 cristin:1440879 Attribution CC BY-NC-ND http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Copyright 2017 The Author(s) Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans Arctic Turbulence VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452 Peer reviewed Journal article 2017 ftunivbergen https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jc012283 2023-03-14T17:40:22Z We report observations of heat and momentum fluxes measured in the ice-ocean boundary layer from four drift stations between January and June 2015, covering from the typical Arctic basin conditions in the Nansen Basin to energetic spots of interaction with the warm Atlantic Water branches near the Yermak Plateau and over the North Spitsbergen slope. A wide range of oceanic turbulent heat flux values are observed, reflecting the variations in space and time over the five month duration of the experiment. Oceanic heat flux is weakly positive in winter over the Nansen Basin during quiescent conditions, increasing by an order of magnitude during storm events. An event of local upwelling and mixing in the winter-time Nansen basin highlights the importance of individual events. Spring-time drift is confined to the Yermak Plateau and its slopes, where vertical mixing is enhanced. Wind events cause an approximate doubling of oceanic heat fluxes compared to calm periods. In June, melting conditions near the ice edge lead to heat fluxes of O(100 W m−2). The combination of wind forcing with shallow Atlantic Water layer and proximity to open waters leads to maximum heat fluxes reaching 367 W m−2, concurrent with rapid melting. Observed ocean-to-ice heat fluxes agree well with those estimated from a bulk parameterization except when accumulated freshwater from sea ice melt in spring probably causes the bulk formula to overestimate the oceanic heat flux. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Basin Arctic Nansen Basin Sea ice Yermak plateau Spitsbergen University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) Arctic Yermak Plateau ENVELOPE(5.000,5.000,81.250,81.250) Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 122 2 1439 1456 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbergen |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic Turbulence VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic Turbulence VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452 Peterson, Algot Kristoffer Fer, Ilker McPhee, Miles G. Randelhoff, Achim Turbulent heat and momentum fluxes in the upper ocean under Arctic sea ice |
topic_facet |
Arctic Turbulence VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452 |
description |
We report observations of heat and momentum fluxes measured in the ice-ocean boundary layer from four drift stations between January and June 2015, covering from the typical Arctic basin conditions in the Nansen Basin to energetic spots of interaction with the warm Atlantic Water branches near the Yermak Plateau and over the North Spitsbergen slope. A wide range of oceanic turbulent heat flux values are observed, reflecting the variations in space and time over the five month duration of the experiment. Oceanic heat flux is weakly positive in winter over the Nansen Basin during quiescent conditions, increasing by an order of magnitude during storm events. An event of local upwelling and mixing in the winter-time Nansen basin highlights the importance of individual events. Spring-time drift is confined to the Yermak Plateau and its slopes, where vertical mixing is enhanced. Wind events cause an approximate doubling of oceanic heat fluxes compared to calm periods. In June, melting conditions near the ice edge lead to heat fluxes of O(100 W m−2). The combination of wind forcing with shallow Atlantic Water layer and proximity to open waters leads to maximum heat fluxes reaching 367 W m−2, concurrent with rapid melting. Observed ocean-to-ice heat fluxes agree well with those estimated from a bulk parameterization except when accumulated freshwater from sea ice melt in spring probably causes the bulk formula to overestimate the oceanic heat flux. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Peterson, Algot Kristoffer Fer, Ilker McPhee, Miles G. Randelhoff, Achim |
author_facet |
Peterson, Algot Kristoffer Fer, Ilker McPhee, Miles G. Randelhoff, Achim |
author_sort |
Peterson, Algot Kristoffer |
title |
Turbulent heat and momentum fluxes in the upper ocean under Arctic sea ice |
title_short |
Turbulent heat and momentum fluxes in the upper ocean under Arctic sea ice |
title_full |
Turbulent heat and momentum fluxes in the upper ocean under Arctic sea ice |
title_fullStr |
Turbulent heat and momentum fluxes in the upper ocean under Arctic sea ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Turbulent heat and momentum fluxes in the upper ocean under Arctic sea ice |
title_sort |
turbulent heat and momentum fluxes in the upper ocean under arctic sea ice |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1956/16640 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jc012283 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(5.000,5.000,81.250,81.250) |
geographic |
Arctic Yermak Plateau |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Yermak Plateau |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Basin Arctic Nansen Basin Sea ice Yermak plateau Spitsbergen |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Basin Arctic Nansen Basin Sea ice Yermak plateau Spitsbergen |
op_source |
Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans |
op_relation |
Mixing processes in the changing Arctic Ocean Norges forskningsråd: 229786 urn:issn:2169-9291 urn:issn:2169-9275 https://hdl.handle.net/1956/16640 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jc012283 cristin:1440879 |
op_rights |
Attribution CC BY-NC-ND http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Copyright 2017 The Author(s) |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jc012283 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
container_volume |
122 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
1439 |
op_container_end_page |
1456 |
_version_ |
1766296065053556736 |