Environmental and biological requirements of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in closed-containment aquaculture systems
Production of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), exceeds 2 million tonnes globally, and accounts for 90% of the salmon on the market. Presently, the predominant production of post-smolt Atlantic salmon occurs in open sea cages. Environmental concerns, during the production phase at sea are limiting f...
Published in: | Aquaculture |
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Main Author: | |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
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The University of Bergen
2017
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1956/16127 |
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ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/16127 |
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University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbergen |
language |
English |
topic |
Akvakultur Atlanterhavslaks Oppdrettsanlegg https://data.ub.uio.no/realfagstermer/c012698 https://data.ub.uio.no/realfagstermer/c013800 https://data.ub.uio.no/realfagstermer/c031819 |
spellingShingle |
Akvakultur Atlanterhavslaks Oppdrettsanlegg https://data.ub.uio.no/realfagstermer/c012698 https://data.ub.uio.no/realfagstermer/c013800 https://data.ub.uio.no/realfagstermer/c031819 Calabrese, Sara Environmental and biological requirements of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in closed-containment aquaculture systems |
topic_facet |
Akvakultur Atlanterhavslaks Oppdrettsanlegg https://data.ub.uio.no/realfagstermer/c012698 https://data.ub.uio.no/realfagstermer/c013800 https://data.ub.uio.no/realfagstermer/c031819 |
description |
Production of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), exceeds 2 million tonnes globally, and accounts for 90% of the salmon on the market. Presently, the predominant production of post-smolt Atlantic salmon occurs in open sea cages. Environmental concerns, during the production phase at sea are limiting further growth of the industry. In closed-containment aquaculture systems (CCS), the cultured fish are separated from the natural environment by a physical barrier; these can be land-based systems or closed units in the sea. Using CCS to shorten the time fish are reared in open sea cages has been highlighted as key to solving important challenges the industry is facing today. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the biological and environmental requirements of post-smolt Atlantic salmon in CCS. This thesis aims to provide insight on the effects of some key husbandry conditions on post-smolt performance and welfare in both seaand land-based CCS. Commercial feasibility of farming post-smolt Atlantic salmon in CCS in the sea relies on maximizing fish density. To assess stocking density limits, five different densities (25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 kg m-3) were maintained in flow-through seawater systems for eight weeks. Increased stocking density had a negative effect on growth and feed utilization, and increasing density from 100 kg m-3 to 125 kg m-3 lead to a 42 % decrease in growth rate. After eight weeks, primary (elevated plasma cortisol) and secondary (hydro-mineral and acid-base) stress responses were observed in the highest density treatment compared to other treatments. Densities of 100 kg m-3 or more also increased pectoral fin damage and cataracts. Fish stocked at the medium (75 kg m-3) density displayed more robust telencephalic activation of both stress and neural plasticity responses, compared to fish in the lowest (25 kg m-3) and highest (125 kg m-3) densities. Overall, the results suggest that stocking density can be maximized up 75 kg m-3 without compromising performance and welfare in Atlantic salmon ... |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Calabrese, Sara |
author_facet |
Calabrese, Sara |
author_sort |
Calabrese, Sara |
title |
Environmental and biological requirements of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in closed-containment aquaculture systems |
title_short |
Environmental and biological requirements of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in closed-containment aquaculture systems |
title_full |
Environmental and biological requirements of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in closed-containment aquaculture systems |
title_fullStr |
Environmental and biological requirements of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in closed-containment aquaculture systems |
title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental and biological requirements of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in closed-containment aquaculture systems |
title_sort |
environmental and biological requirements of post-smolt atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.) in closed-containment aquaculture systems |
publisher |
The University of Bergen |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1956/16127 |
genre |
Atlanterhavslaks Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlanterhavslaks Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_relation |
Paper I: Calabrese, S., Nilsen, T.O., Kolarevic, J., Ebbesson, L.O.E., Pedrosa, C., Fivelstad, S., Hosfeld, C., Stefansson, S.O., Terjesen, B.F., Takle, H., Martins, C.I.M., Sveier, H., Mathisen, F., Imsland, A.K., Handeland, S.O., 2017. Stocking density limits for post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) with emphasis on production performance and welfare. Aquaculture. 468, Part 1, 363-370. The article is available in the main thesis. The article is also available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.10.041 Paper II: Calabrese, S., Nilsen, T.O., Kolarevic, J., Ebbesson, L.O.E., Fivelstad, S., Hosfeld, C., Pedrosa, C., Imsland, A.K., Terjesen, B.F., Stefansson, S.O., Takle, H., Sveier, H., Mathisen, F., Handeland, S.O., 2017. Water flow requirements of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) reared in intensive seawater flow-through systems. Full text not available in BORA. Paper III: Calabrese, S., Nilsen, T.O, Handeland, S.O., Gorissen, M., Terjesen, B.F., Ebbesson L.O.E. Neural responsiveness to acute challenge tests: identifying environmental limits and future resilience in fish. Full text not available. Paper IV: Ytrestøyl, T., Takle, H., Kolarevic, J., Calabrese, S., Timmerhaus, G., Rosseland, B.O., Teien, HC., Nilsen, T.O., Handeland, S.O., Stefansson, S.O., Ebbesson, L.O.E., Terjesen, B.F. Performance and welfare of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) post-smolts in RAS; Importance of salinity, training, and timing of seawater transfer. Full text not available in BORA. http://hdl.handle.net/1956/16127 cristin:1479918 |
op_rights |
Copyright the Author. All rights reserved |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.10.041 |
container_title |
Aquaculture |
container_volume |
468 |
container_start_page |
363 |
op_container_end_page |
370 |
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1766356797448257536 |
spelling |
ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/16127 2023-05-15T15:26:17+02:00 Environmental and biological requirements of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in closed-containment aquaculture systems Calabrese, Sara 2017-06-22 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1956/16127 eng eng The University of Bergen Paper I: Calabrese, S., Nilsen, T.O., Kolarevic, J., Ebbesson, L.O.E., Pedrosa, C., Fivelstad, S., Hosfeld, C., Stefansson, S.O., Terjesen, B.F., Takle, H., Martins, C.I.M., Sveier, H., Mathisen, F., Imsland, A.K., Handeland, S.O., 2017. Stocking density limits for post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) with emphasis on production performance and welfare. Aquaculture. 468, Part 1, 363-370. The article is available in the main thesis. The article is also available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.10.041 Paper II: Calabrese, S., Nilsen, T.O., Kolarevic, J., Ebbesson, L.O.E., Fivelstad, S., Hosfeld, C., Pedrosa, C., Imsland, A.K., Terjesen, B.F., Stefansson, S.O., Takle, H., Sveier, H., Mathisen, F., Handeland, S.O., 2017. Water flow requirements of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) reared in intensive seawater flow-through systems. Full text not available in BORA. Paper III: Calabrese, S., Nilsen, T.O, Handeland, S.O., Gorissen, M., Terjesen, B.F., Ebbesson L.O.E. Neural responsiveness to acute challenge tests: identifying environmental limits and future resilience in fish. Full text not available. Paper IV: Ytrestøyl, T., Takle, H., Kolarevic, J., Calabrese, S., Timmerhaus, G., Rosseland, B.O., Teien, HC., Nilsen, T.O., Handeland, S.O., Stefansson, S.O., Ebbesson, L.O.E., Terjesen, B.F. Performance and welfare of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) post-smolts in RAS; Importance of salinity, training, and timing of seawater transfer. Full text not available in BORA. http://hdl.handle.net/1956/16127 cristin:1479918 Copyright the Author. All rights reserved Akvakultur Atlanterhavslaks Oppdrettsanlegg https://data.ub.uio.no/realfagstermer/c012698 https://data.ub.uio.no/realfagstermer/c013800 https://data.ub.uio.no/realfagstermer/c031819 Doctoral thesis 2017 ftunivbergen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.10.041 2023-03-14T17:41:47Z Production of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), exceeds 2 million tonnes globally, and accounts for 90% of the salmon on the market. Presently, the predominant production of post-smolt Atlantic salmon occurs in open sea cages. Environmental concerns, during the production phase at sea are limiting further growth of the industry. In closed-containment aquaculture systems (CCS), the cultured fish are separated from the natural environment by a physical barrier; these can be land-based systems or closed units in the sea. Using CCS to shorten the time fish are reared in open sea cages has been highlighted as key to solving important challenges the industry is facing today. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the biological and environmental requirements of post-smolt Atlantic salmon in CCS. This thesis aims to provide insight on the effects of some key husbandry conditions on post-smolt performance and welfare in both seaand land-based CCS. Commercial feasibility of farming post-smolt Atlantic salmon in CCS in the sea relies on maximizing fish density. To assess stocking density limits, five different densities (25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 kg m-3) were maintained in flow-through seawater systems for eight weeks. Increased stocking density had a negative effect on growth and feed utilization, and increasing density from 100 kg m-3 to 125 kg m-3 lead to a 42 % decrease in growth rate. After eight weeks, primary (elevated plasma cortisol) and secondary (hydro-mineral and acid-base) stress responses were observed in the highest density treatment compared to other treatments. Densities of 100 kg m-3 or more also increased pectoral fin damage and cataracts. Fish stocked at the medium (75 kg m-3) density displayed more robust telencephalic activation of both stress and neural plasticity responses, compared to fish in the lowest (25 kg m-3) and highest (125 kg m-3) densities. Overall, the results suggest that stocking density can be maximized up 75 kg m-3 without compromising performance and welfare in Atlantic salmon ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Atlanterhavslaks Atlantic salmon Salmo salar University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) Aquaculture 468 363 370 |