Response of Arctic Ocean stratification to changing river runoff in a column model
A one-dimensional model of the atmosphere-ice-ocean column is used to study the effects of changing river runoff to the Arctic Ocean. River runoff is the largest contributor of freshwater to the Arctic and is expected to increase as the hydrological cycle accelerates due to global warming. The colum...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wiley
2015
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1956/11603 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jc010571 |
id |
ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/11603 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:1956/11603 2023-05-15T14:22:32+02:00 Response of Arctic Ocean stratification to changing river runoff in a column model Nummelin, Aleksi Li, Camille Smedsrud, Lars Henrik 2015-12-30T17:06:07Z application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/1956/11603 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jc010571 eng eng Wiley The Arctic Ocean in a Fresh and Warm Future urn:issn:2169-9291 https://hdl.handle.net/1956/11603 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jc010571 cristin:1255321 Attribution CC BY-NC-ND http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Copyright 2015 the authors VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452 Peer reviewed Journal article 2015 ftunivbergen https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jc010571 2023-03-14T17:44:17Z A one-dimensional model of the atmosphere-ice-ocean column is used to study the effects of changing river runoff to the Arctic Ocean. River runoff is the largest contributor of freshwater to the Arctic and is expected to increase as the hydrological cycle accelerates due to global warming. The column model simulates the stratification of the Arctic Ocean reasonably well, capturing important features such as the fresh surface layer, the salty cold halocline, and the temperature maximum within the Atlantic Water layer. The model is run for 500 years with prescribed boundary conditions to reach steady state solutions. Increasing river runoff is found to strengthen the stratification and to produce a fresher and shallower surface mixed layer with warming (up to ∼1°C for a doubling of present-day runoff) in the Atlantic Water layer below. An important consequence is that the effect of the larger vertical temperature gradient is able to balance that of the stronger stratification and yield a close to constant vertical heat flux toward the surface. As a result, the sea ice response is small, showing only slight increase (up to ∼15 cm for a doubling of present-day runoff) in annual mean ice thickness. Limitations of the study include the idealized nature of the column model and uncertainties in the background vertical mixing within the Arctic Ocean. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Global warming Sea ice University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) Arctic Arctic Ocean Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 120 4 2655 2675 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbergen |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452 Nummelin, Aleksi Li, Camille Smedsrud, Lars Henrik Response of Arctic Ocean stratification to changing river runoff in a column model |
topic_facet |
VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452 |
description |
A one-dimensional model of the atmosphere-ice-ocean column is used to study the effects of changing river runoff to the Arctic Ocean. River runoff is the largest contributor of freshwater to the Arctic and is expected to increase as the hydrological cycle accelerates due to global warming. The column model simulates the stratification of the Arctic Ocean reasonably well, capturing important features such as the fresh surface layer, the salty cold halocline, and the temperature maximum within the Atlantic Water layer. The model is run for 500 years with prescribed boundary conditions to reach steady state solutions. Increasing river runoff is found to strengthen the stratification and to produce a fresher and shallower surface mixed layer with warming (up to ∼1°C for a doubling of present-day runoff) in the Atlantic Water layer below. An important consequence is that the effect of the larger vertical temperature gradient is able to balance that of the stronger stratification and yield a close to constant vertical heat flux toward the surface. As a result, the sea ice response is small, showing only slight increase (up to ∼15 cm for a doubling of present-day runoff) in annual mean ice thickness. Limitations of the study include the idealized nature of the column model and uncertainties in the background vertical mixing within the Arctic Ocean. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nummelin, Aleksi Li, Camille Smedsrud, Lars Henrik |
author_facet |
Nummelin, Aleksi Li, Camille Smedsrud, Lars Henrik |
author_sort |
Nummelin, Aleksi |
title |
Response of Arctic Ocean stratification to changing river runoff in a column model |
title_short |
Response of Arctic Ocean stratification to changing river runoff in a column model |
title_full |
Response of Arctic Ocean stratification to changing river runoff in a column model |
title_fullStr |
Response of Arctic Ocean stratification to changing river runoff in a column model |
title_full_unstemmed |
Response of Arctic Ocean stratification to changing river runoff in a column model |
title_sort |
response of arctic ocean stratification to changing river runoff in a column model |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1956/11603 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jc010571 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Global warming Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Global warming Sea ice |
op_relation |
The Arctic Ocean in a Fresh and Warm Future urn:issn:2169-9291 https://hdl.handle.net/1956/11603 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jc010571 cristin:1255321 |
op_rights |
Attribution CC BY-NC-ND http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Copyright 2015 the authors |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jc010571 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
container_volume |
120 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
2655 |
op_container_end_page |
2675 |
_version_ |
1766295103296503808 |