The refractive and diffractive contributions to GPS signal scintillation at high latitudes during the geomagnetic storm on 7-8 September 2017
Different indices have been used to reflect, or monitor the ionospheric scintillation, e.g. the detrended carrier phase, σφ, S4, the rate of change of the vertical total electron content index (vROTI), as well as the ionosphere‐free linear combination (IFLC) of two carrier phases. However, few studi...
Published in: | Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
EDP Sciences
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3048364 https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2022036 |
id |
ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:11250/3048364 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivbergen:oai:bora.uib.no:11250/3048364 2023-05-15T18:29:51+02:00 The refractive and diffractive contributions to GPS signal scintillation at high latitudes during the geomagnetic storm on 7-8 September 2017 Zheng, Yuhao Xiong, Chao Jin, Yaqi Liu, Dun Oksavik, Kjellmar Xu, Chunyu Zhu, Yixun Gao, Shunzu Wang, Fengjue Wang, Hui Yin, Fan 2022 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3048364 https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2022036 eng eng EDP Sciences urn:issn:2115-7251 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3048364 https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2022036 cristin:2106553 Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate. 2022, 12, 40. Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no Copyright 2022 The Author(s) 40 Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate 12 Journal article Peer reviewed 2022 ftunivbergen https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2022036 2023-03-14T17:40:28Z Different indices have been used to reflect, or monitor the ionospheric scintillation, e.g. the detrended carrier phase, σφ, S4, the rate of change of the vertical total electron content index (vROTI), as well as the ionosphere‐free linear combination (IFLC) of two carrier phases. However, few studies have been performed to investigate the refractive and diffractive contributions to these indices, especially during geomagnetic storms. In this study, we analyze the high-resolution (50 Hz) phase and amplitude measurements from four high-latitude stations in Svalbard, Norway during the geomagnetic storm on 7–8 September 2017. Our results show that at high latitudes, the high-pass filter with a standard cutoff frequency of 0.1 Hz sometimes cannot effectively remove the refraction-driven phase variations, especially during the geomagnetic storm, leading to a remaining refraction contribution to the detrended carrier phase and σφ when scintillation happens. In the meanwhile, as vROTI is sensitive to the TEC gradients, regardless of small- or large-scale ionospheric structures, both refraction and diffraction effects can cause visible fluctuations of vROTI. For most of the scintillation events, the phase indices (including detrended carrier phase, σφ, and vROTI), IFLC, and S4 show consistent fluctuations, indicating that diffraction usually occurs simultaneously with refraction during scintillation. One interesting feature is that although the IFLC and S4 are thought to be both related to the diffraction effect, they do not always show simultaneous correspondence during scintillations. The IFLC is enhanced during the geomagnetic storm, while such a feature is not seen in S4. We suggest that the enhanced IFLC during the geomagnetic storm is caused by the increased high-frequency phase power, which should be related to the enhanced density of small-scale irregularities during storm periods. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Svalbard University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) Norway Svalbard Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate 12 40 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Bergen: Bergen Open Research Archive (BORA-UiB) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbergen |
language |
English |
description |
Different indices have been used to reflect, or monitor the ionospheric scintillation, e.g. the detrended carrier phase, σφ, S4, the rate of change of the vertical total electron content index (vROTI), as well as the ionosphere‐free linear combination (IFLC) of two carrier phases. However, few studies have been performed to investigate the refractive and diffractive contributions to these indices, especially during geomagnetic storms. In this study, we analyze the high-resolution (50 Hz) phase and amplitude measurements from four high-latitude stations in Svalbard, Norway during the geomagnetic storm on 7–8 September 2017. Our results show that at high latitudes, the high-pass filter with a standard cutoff frequency of 0.1 Hz sometimes cannot effectively remove the refraction-driven phase variations, especially during the geomagnetic storm, leading to a remaining refraction contribution to the detrended carrier phase and σφ when scintillation happens. In the meanwhile, as vROTI is sensitive to the TEC gradients, regardless of small- or large-scale ionospheric structures, both refraction and diffraction effects can cause visible fluctuations of vROTI. For most of the scintillation events, the phase indices (including detrended carrier phase, σφ, and vROTI), IFLC, and S4 show consistent fluctuations, indicating that diffraction usually occurs simultaneously with refraction during scintillation. One interesting feature is that although the IFLC and S4 are thought to be both related to the diffraction effect, they do not always show simultaneous correspondence during scintillations. The IFLC is enhanced during the geomagnetic storm, while such a feature is not seen in S4. We suggest that the enhanced IFLC during the geomagnetic storm is caused by the increased high-frequency phase power, which should be related to the enhanced density of small-scale irregularities during storm periods. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Zheng, Yuhao Xiong, Chao Jin, Yaqi Liu, Dun Oksavik, Kjellmar Xu, Chunyu Zhu, Yixun Gao, Shunzu Wang, Fengjue Wang, Hui Yin, Fan |
spellingShingle |
Zheng, Yuhao Xiong, Chao Jin, Yaqi Liu, Dun Oksavik, Kjellmar Xu, Chunyu Zhu, Yixun Gao, Shunzu Wang, Fengjue Wang, Hui Yin, Fan The refractive and diffractive contributions to GPS signal scintillation at high latitudes during the geomagnetic storm on 7-8 September 2017 |
author_facet |
Zheng, Yuhao Xiong, Chao Jin, Yaqi Liu, Dun Oksavik, Kjellmar Xu, Chunyu Zhu, Yixun Gao, Shunzu Wang, Fengjue Wang, Hui Yin, Fan |
author_sort |
Zheng, Yuhao |
title |
The refractive and diffractive contributions to GPS signal scintillation at high latitudes during the geomagnetic storm on 7-8 September 2017 |
title_short |
The refractive and diffractive contributions to GPS signal scintillation at high latitudes during the geomagnetic storm on 7-8 September 2017 |
title_full |
The refractive and diffractive contributions to GPS signal scintillation at high latitudes during the geomagnetic storm on 7-8 September 2017 |
title_fullStr |
The refractive and diffractive contributions to GPS signal scintillation at high latitudes during the geomagnetic storm on 7-8 September 2017 |
title_full_unstemmed |
The refractive and diffractive contributions to GPS signal scintillation at high latitudes during the geomagnetic storm on 7-8 September 2017 |
title_sort |
refractive and diffractive contributions to gps signal scintillation at high latitudes during the geomagnetic storm on 7-8 september 2017 |
publisher |
EDP Sciences |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3048364 https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2022036 |
geographic |
Norway Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Norway Svalbard |
genre |
Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Svalbard |
op_source |
40 Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate 12 |
op_relation |
urn:issn:2115-7251 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3048364 https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2022036 cristin:2106553 Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate. 2022, 12, 40. |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no Copyright 2022 The Author(s) |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2022036 |
container_title |
Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate |
container_volume |
12 |
container_start_page |
40 |
_version_ |
1766213267608305664 |