North Atlantic air pressure and temperature conditions associated with heavy rainfall in Great Britain
Severe flooding in the United Kingdom is often linked to the occurrence of heavy rainfall events, which can be characterized by the synoptic scale meteorological conditions over the North Atlantic region. Seasonal heavy rainfall events (summer and winter 1-day maxima) were extracted from 125 locatio...
Published in: | International Journal of Climatology |
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ftunivbathcris:oai:purehost.bath.ac.uk:publications/3262994c-966d-41f5-8d11-7a860afde3f0 2024-04-28T08:29:48+00:00 North Atlantic air pressure and temperature conditions associated with heavy rainfall in Great Britain Barnes, Andy Svensson, Cecilia Kjeldsen, Thomas 2022-04-30 https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/3262994c-966d-41f5-8d11-7a860afde3f0 https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7414 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85118408270&partnerID=8YFLogxK eng eng https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/3262994c-966d-41f5-8d11-7a860afde3f0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Barnes , A , Svensson , C & Kjeldsen , T 2022 , ' North Atlantic air pressure and temperature conditions associated with heavy rainfall in Great Britain ' , International Journal of Climatology , vol. 42 , no. 5 , pp. 3190-3207 . https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7414 AMO NAO classification heavy rainfall sea level pressure temperature /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1902 name=Atmospheric Science article 2022 ftunivbathcris https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7414 2024-04-09T02:50:08Z Severe flooding in the United Kingdom is often linked to the occurrence of heavy rainfall events, which can be characterized by the synoptic scale meteorological conditions over the North Atlantic region. Seasonal heavy rainfall events (summer and winter 1-day maxima) were extracted from 125 locations across Great Britain over the period 1950–2017. For each event, anomaly sea-level pressure and 2 m air temperature conditions across the North Atlantic sector were extracted. In contrast to earlier studies, these two datasets were combined and clustered to identify how the pressure and temperature conditions co-vary within each half-year to produce heavy rainfall events. Distinctly different spatial patterns were found for four classes in summer and for three classes in winter. For all classes there is a negative sea-level pressure anomaly centred over or near the British Isles. However, whereas in summer the low pressures are associated with either predominantly cold or warm anomalies over most of the North Atlantic, in winter two phases of a smaller-scale four-pole temperature pattern emerges. Nevertheless, for one of the winter classes the cold anomaly over the northwest Atlantic is so deep, persistent and widespread that, unusually for the winter season, a significant relationship between the class's frequency of occurrence and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) index is found (r = −.39). Further, for both seasons heavy rainfall occurs when the AMO and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) are in opposing phases. Particularly, positive NAO and negative AMO result in heavy rainfall in western Britain. Two classes in each season are consistent with positive and negative phases of the NAO, and the two non-NAO summer classes are associated with a northward extension of the subtropical high pressure and heavy rainfall in the southeast. The association between heavy rainfall and large-scale circulation and temperature drivers can find application in, for example, weather generators. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Northwest Atlantic University of Bath's research portal International Journal of Climatology 42 5 3190 3207 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Bath's research portal |
op_collection_id |
ftunivbathcris |
language |
English |
topic |
AMO NAO classification heavy rainfall sea level pressure temperature /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1902 name=Atmospheric Science |
spellingShingle |
AMO NAO classification heavy rainfall sea level pressure temperature /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1902 name=Atmospheric Science Barnes, Andy Svensson, Cecilia Kjeldsen, Thomas North Atlantic air pressure and temperature conditions associated with heavy rainfall in Great Britain |
topic_facet |
AMO NAO classification heavy rainfall sea level pressure temperature /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1902 name=Atmospheric Science |
description |
Severe flooding in the United Kingdom is often linked to the occurrence of heavy rainfall events, which can be characterized by the synoptic scale meteorological conditions over the North Atlantic region. Seasonal heavy rainfall events (summer and winter 1-day maxima) were extracted from 125 locations across Great Britain over the period 1950–2017. For each event, anomaly sea-level pressure and 2 m air temperature conditions across the North Atlantic sector were extracted. In contrast to earlier studies, these two datasets were combined and clustered to identify how the pressure and temperature conditions co-vary within each half-year to produce heavy rainfall events. Distinctly different spatial patterns were found for four classes in summer and for three classes in winter. For all classes there is a negative sea-level pressure anomaly centred over or near the British Isles. However, whereas in summer the low pressures are associated with either predominantly cold or warm anomalies over most of the North Atlantic, in winter two phases of a smaller-scale four-pole temperature pattern emerges. Nevertheless, for one of the winter classes the cold anomaly over the northwest Atlantic is so deep, persistent and widespread that, unusually for the winter season, a significant relationship between the class's frequency of occurrence and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) index is found (r = −.39). Further, for both seasons heavy rainfall occurs when the AMO and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) are in opposing phases. Particularly, positive NAO and negative AMO result in heavy rainfall in western Britain. Two classes in each season are consistent with positive and negative phases of the NAO, and the two non-NAO summer classes are associated with a northward extension of the subtropical high pressure and heavy rainfall in the southeast. The association between heavy rainfall and large-scale circulation and temperature drivers can find application in, for example, weather generators. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Barnes, Andy Svensson, Cecilia Kjeldsen, Thomas |
author_facet |
Barnes, Andy Svensson, Cecilia Kjeldsen, Thomas |
author_sort |
Barnes, Andy |
title |
North Atlantic air pressure and temperature conditions associated with heavy rainfall in Great Britain |
title_short |
North Atlantic air pressure and temperature conditions associated with heavy rainfall in Great Britain |
title_full |
North Atlantic air pressure and temperature conditions associated with heavy rainfall in Great Britain |
title_fullStr |
North Atlantic air pressure and temperature conditions associated with heavy rainfall in Great Britain |
title_full_unstemmed |
North Atlantic air pressure and temperature conditions associated with heavy rainfall in Great Britain |
title_sort |
north atlantic air pressure and temperature conditions associated with heavy rainfall in great britain |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/3262994c-966d-41f5-8d11-7a860afde3f0 https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7414 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85118408270&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Northwest Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Northwest Atlantic |
op_source |
Barnes , A , Svensson , C & Kjeldsen , T 2022 , ' North Atlantic air pressure and temperature conditions associated with heavy rainfall in Great Britain ' , International Journal of Climatology , vol. 42 , no. 5 , pp. 3190-3207 . https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7414 |
op_relation |
https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/3262994c-966d-41f5-8d11-7a860afde3f0 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7414 |
container_title |
International Journal of Climatology |
container_volume |
42 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
3190 |
op_container_end_page |
3207 |
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