Emerging cities in pioneer mining fronts: the examples of Guyana Plateau and Yakutia (Siberia)

• Main Authors: Péné-Annette, Anne, Kamičaitytė-Virbašienė, Jūratė, Gadal, Sébastien
• Other Authors: Archéologie Industrielle, Histoire, Patrimoine - Géographie, Développement, Environnement de la Caraïbe UR6_1 (AIHP-GEODE), Université des Antilles (UA), Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas University of Technology-Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UniCA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ANR-15-CE22-0006,PUR,Pôles URbains(2015)
• Format: Conference Object
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2018
• Subjects: Emerging cities; Mining towns; Comparative analysis; Urban dynamics; Statistical analysis; Remote sensing; Economic geography; Guyana Plateau; Yakutia; [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV]; [SHS.STAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statistics; [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society; [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography; [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation; Arctic; Canada; McGee; Siberia
• Online Access: https://amu.hal.science/hal-01858545

International audience By 2030, the sustainable development objectives renewed and recommended by the United Nations include the processes and dynamics of emerging cities and urban growth. Over the last thirty years, the fluctuations and evolutions in “urban production”, particularly in the developing territories and regions, are also characterised by the "shrinking" processes because of the economic decline and high emigration. Artic and Sub-Arctic or Guyana mines and pioneering cities in Siberia or in Sweden or in Venezuela for example, are particularly dependant on the economic “fluctuations”. The economic development is an engine of urban development (Aydalot, Polese). The aim of this communication is to contribute to the analysis of the concept of emerging cities and urban growth, and the territorial dynamics in the fronts of mining and energy-industrial pioneer cities and to propose a conceptual factors of urban change. Former mining sites are the starting point for the specific urban dynamics. In many cases they constituted spaces of urban manufacturing laboratories since antiquity. In the long term, some of the former mining sites have spawned the beginnings of industrial activities since the First Industrial Revolution. This is what P. Bairoch (1985) analyses in particular to explain the beginnings of the industrial city. Today, it seems that these cities and their urbanization processes are the most incompatible with the policies of sustainable development. In many cases, there is a huge discrepancy between the decisions at the governmental level and the reality of ecological disasters and socio-environmental impacts (Kadnikov et al., 2016; Bank et al., 2015). Often the socio-economic conditions are on the edge of respect for human rights, for example, the "desakotas" (McGee) resulting from changes of agricultural territories. Therefore, it is very important to understand better identifying factors and characteristics of the new urban forms (growing, abandoned, with the depletion of the natural ...