Long-term stress induced cortisol downregulation, growth reduction and cardiac remodeling in Atlantic salmon
Abstract: Stress and elevated plasma cortisol in salmonids have been linked with pathological remodeling of the heart and deterioration of fitness and welfare. However, these associations were based on biomarkers that fail to provide a retrospective view of stress. This study is the first whereby th...
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ftunivantwerpen:c:irua:202488 2024-05-19T07:37:43+00:00 Long-term stress induced cortisol downregulation, growth reduction and cardiac remodeling in Atlantic salmon Opinion, April Grace Vanhomwegen, Marine De Boeck, Gudrun Aerts, Johan 2023 https://hdl.handle.net/10067/2024880151162165141 https://repository.uantwerpen.be/docstore/d:irua:21580 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1242/JEB.246504 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/isi/001147246100009 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess 0022-0949 The journal of experimental biology Biology Human medicine info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2023 ftunivantwerpen https://doi.org/10.1242/JEB.246504 2024-05-01T00:01:06Z Abstract: Stress and elevated plasma cortisol in salmonids have been linked with pathological remodeling of the heart and deterioration of fitness and welfare. However, these associations were based on biomarkers that fail to provide a retrospective view of stress. This study is the first whereby the association of long-term stress, using scale cortisol as a chronic stress biomarker, with cardiac morphology and growth performance of wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is made. Growth, heart morphology, plasma and scale cortisol levels, and expression of genes involved in cortisol regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary–interrenal axis of undisturbed fish (control) were compared with those of fish exposed daily to stress for 8 weeks. Though scale cortisol levels showed a time-dependent accumulation in both groups, plasma and scale cortisol levels of stress group fish were 29.1% and 25.0% lower than those of control fish, respectively. These results correlated with the overall upregulation of stress-axis genes involved in the systemic negative feedback of cortisol, and local feedback via 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors in the stress treatment at the hypothalamus and pituitary level. These lower cortisol levels were, however, counterintuitive in terms of the growth performance as stress group fish grew 33.7% slower than control fish, which probably influenced the 8.4% increase in relative ventricle mass in the stress group. Though compact myocardium area between the treatments was comparable, these parameters showed significant linear correlations with scale cortisol levels, indicating the involvement of chronic stress in cardiac remodeling. These findings underscore the importance of scale cortisol as biomarker when associating chronic stress with long-term processes including cardiac remodeling. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar IRUA - Institutional Repository van de Universiteit Antwerpen Journal of Experimental Biology 226 22 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
IRUA - Institutional Repository van de Universiteit Antwerpen |
op_collection_id |
ftunivantwerpen |
language |
English |
topic |
Biology Human medicine |
spellingShingle |
Biology Human medicine Opinion, April Grace Vanhomwegen, Marine De Boeck, Gudrun Aerts, Johan Long-term stress induced cortisol downregulation, growth reduction and cardiac remodeling in Atlantic salmon |
topic_facet |
Biology Human medicine |
description |
Abstract: Stress and elevated plasma cortisol in salmonids have been linked with pathological remodeling of the heart and deterioration of fitness and welfare. However, these associations were based on biomarkers that fail to provide a retrospective view of stress. This study is the first whereby the association of long-term stress, using scale cortisol as a chronic stress biomarker, with cardiac morphology and growth performance of wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is made. Growth, heart morphology, plasma and scale cortisol levels, and expression of genes involved in cortisol regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary–interrenal axis of undisturbed fish (control) were compared with those of fish exposed daily to stress for 8 weeks. Though scale cortisol levels showed a time-dependent accumulation in both groups, plasma and scale cortisol levels of stress group fish were 29.1% and 25.0% lower than those of control fish, respectively. These results correlated with the overall upregulation of stress-axis genes involved in the systemic negative feedback of cortisol, and local feedback via 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors in the stress treatment at the hypothalamus and pituitary level. These lower cortisol levels were, however, counterintuitive in terms of the growth performance as stress group fish grew 33.7% slower than control fish, which probably influenced the 8.4% increase in relative ventricle mass in the stress group. Though compact myocardium area between the treatments was comparable, these parameters showed significant linear correlations with scale cortisol levels, indicating the involvement of chronic stress in cardiac remodeling. These findings underscore the importance of scale cortisol as biomarker when associating chronic stress with long-term processes including cardiac remodeling. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Opinion, April Grace Vanhomwegen, Marine De Boeck, Gudrun Aerts, Johan |
author_facet |
Opinion, April Grace Vanhomwegen, Marine De Boeck, Gudrun Aerts, Johan |
author_sort |
Opinion, April Grace |
title |
Long-term stress induced cortisol downregulation, growth reduction and cardiac remodeling in Atlantic salmon |
title_short |
Long-term stress induced cortisol downregulation, growth reduction and cardiac remodeling in Atlantic salmon |
title_full |
Long-term stress induced cortisol downregulation, growth reduction and cardiac remodeling in Atlantic salmon |
title_fullStr |
Long-term stress induced cortisol downregulation, growth reduction and cardiac remodeling in Atlantic salmon |
title_full_unstemmed |
Long-term stress induced cortisol downregulation, growth reduction and cardiac remodeling in Atlantic salmon |
title_sort |
long-term stress induced cortisol downregulation, growth reduction and cardiac remodeling in atlantic salmon |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10067/2024880151162165141 https://repository.uantwerpen.be/docstore/d:irua:21580 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
0022-0949 The journal of experimental biology |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1242/JEB.246504 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/isi/001147246100009 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1242/JEB.246504 |
container_title |
Journal of Experimental Biology |
container_volume |
226 |
container_issue |
22 |
_version_ |
1799477060297555968 |