Phylogenetic footprints of an Antarctic radiation: The Trematominae (Notothenioidei, Teleostei)

• Published in: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
• Main Authors: Lautredou, A. -C., Hinsinger, D. D., Gallut, C., Cheng, C. -H. C., Berkani, M., Ozouf-Costaz, C., Cruaud, C., Lecointre, G., Dettai, A.
• Other Authors: Cytogénomique (C), Evolution Paris Seine, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Australian Antarctic Division, Japanese Science Foundation, French polar institute IPEV, CNRS, MNHN, ANR (White Project ANTFLOCKs USAR) n07-BLAN-0213-01, National Science Foundation Grant OPP 01-32032, Fondation TOTAL, Consortium National de Recherche en Genomique, `Service de Systematique Moleculaire' of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle IFR 101
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2012
• Subjects: Antarctica; Notothenioidei; Trematominae; Trematomus; [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity; Antarctic; Southern Ocean; Antarc*
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-01544915; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.032

International audience The teleost suborder Notothenioidei is restricted to the Southern Ocean and has been described as a species flock spanning the whole of it. Within the suborder, the subfamily Trematominae is important for coastal Antarctic ecosystems. The eleven Trematomus species occupy a large range of ecological niches. The genus is monophyletic if the genus Pagothenia (two additional species) and Cryothenia amphitreta. also nested within it, are included. Although the Trematominae have received much interest, the relationships among these fourteen species are still unclear. Several recent studies have tried to resolve these interrelationships; however no complete and clear picture has emerged, probably because of the use of a low number of insufficiently variable markers. The only common results places T. scotti as the sister-group of the rest of the subfamily and T. loennbergi close to T. lepidorhinus. We use here more variable markers. Four nuclear markers, two of which are new, and a mitochondrial marker for the biggest trematomine sampling ever gathered (14 species, 78 specimens). We found that several nuclear haplotypes are shared by several species (mostly in very closely related species). The haplotype patterns coupled with the cytogenetics of the subfamily suggest that a phenomenon of incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) is likely to be at play. Using a calibration linked to fossil evidence, we evaluate the relative ages of each clade within the Trematominae to assess the proximity of the speciation events to one another. The main trematomine diversification was recent and sudden.