Waste feed from coastal fish farms: a trophic subsidy with compositional side-effects for wild gadoids
Aquaculture of carnivorous fish species in sea-cages typically uses artificial feeds, with a proportion of these feeds lost to the surrounding environment. This lost resource may provide a trophic subsidy to wild fish in the vicinity of fish farms, yet the physiological consequences of the consumpti...
Published in: | Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2011
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10045/21435 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.12.009 |
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ftunivalicante:oai:rua.ua.es:10045/21435 2023-05-15T15:27:50+02:00 Waste feed from coastal fish farms: a trophic subsidy with compositional side-effects for wild gadoids Fernandez-Jover, Damian Martínez Rubio, Laura Sanchez-Jerez, Pablo Bayle-Sempere, Just T. López-Jiménez, José Ángel Martínez-López, Francisco Javier Bjørn, Pal-Arne Uglem, Ingebrigt Dempster, Tim Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada Biología Marina 2011-03-01 http://hdl.handle.net/10045/21435 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.12.009 eng eng Elsevier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.12.009 FERNÁNDEZ-JOVER, Damian, et al. “Waste feed from coastal fish farms: a trophic subsidy with compositional side-effects for wild gadoids”. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. Vol. 91, Issue 4 (1 March 2011). ISSN 0272-7714, pp. 559-568 0272-7714 (Print) 1096-0015 (Online) http://hdl.handle.net/10045/21435 doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2010.12.009 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Aquaculture Salmon aquaculture Fatty acids Cod Gadus morhua Saithe Pollachius virens Wild fish Nutritional condition Impact Zoología Ecología info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2011 ftunivalicante https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.12.009 2020-06-05T13:06:08Z Aquaculture of carnivorous fish species in sea-cages typically uses artificial feeds, with a proportion of these feeds lost to the surrounding environment. This lost resource may provide a trophic subsidy to wild fish in the vicinity of fish farms, yet the physiological consequences of the consumption of waste feed by wild fish remain unclear. In two regions in Norway with intensive aquaculture, we tested whether wild saithe (Pollachius virens) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) associated with fish farms (Fassoc), where waste feed is readily available, had modified diets, condition and fatty acid (FA) compositions in their muscle and liver tissues compared to fish unassociated (UA) with farms. Stomach content analyses revealed that both cod and saithe consumed waste feed in the vicinity of farms (6–96% of their diet was composed of food pellets). This translated into elevated body and liver condition compared to fish caught distant from farms for cod at both locations and elevated body condition for saithe at one of the locations. As a consequence of a modified diet, we detected significantly increased concentrations of terrestrial-derived fatty acids (FAs) such as linoleic (18:2ω6) and oleic (18:1ω9) acids and decreased concentrations of DHA (22:6ω3) in the muscle and/or liver of Fassoc cod and saithe when compared with UA fish. In addition, the ω3:ω6 ratio clearly differed between Fassoc and UA fish. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) correctly classified 97% of fish into Fassoc or UA origin for both cod and saithe based on the FA composition of liver tissues, and 89% of cod and 86% of saithe into Fassoc or UA origin based on the FA composition of muscle. Thus, LDA appears a useful tool for detecting the influence of fish farms on the FA composition of wild fish. Ready availability of waste feed with high protein and fat content provides a clear trophic subsidy to wild fish in coastal waters, yet whether the accompanying side-effect of altered fatty acid compositions affects physiological performance or reproductive potential requires further research. Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Gadus morhua RUA - Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante Norway Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 91 4 559 568 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
RUA - Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante |
op_collection_id |
ftunivalicante |
language |
English |
topic |
Aquaculture Salmon aquaculture Fatty acids Cod Gadus morhua Saithe Pollachius virens Wild fish Nutritional condition Impact Zoología Ecología |
spellingShingle |
Aquaculture Salmon aquaculture Fatty acids Cod Gadus morhua Saithe Pollachius virens Wild fish Nutritional condition Impact Zoología Ecología Fernandez-Jover, Damian Martínez Rubio, Laura Sanchez-Jerez, Pablo Bayle-Sempere, Just T. López-Jiménez, José Ángel Martínez-López, Francisco Javier Bjørn, Pal-Arne Uglem, Ingebrigt Dempster, Tim Waste feed from coastal fish farms: a trophic subsidy with compositional side-effects for wild gadoids |
topic_facet |
Aquaculture Salmon aquaculture Fatty acids Cod Gadus morhua Saithe Pollachius virens Wild fish Nutritional condition Impact Zoología Ecología |
description |
Aquaculture of carnivorous fish species in sea-cages typically uses artificial feeds, with a proportion of these feeds lost to the surrounding environment. This lost resource may provide a trophic subsidy to wild fish in the vicinity of fish farms, yet the physiological consequences of the consumption of waste feed by wild fish remain unclear. In two regions in Norway with intensive aquaculture, we tested whether wild saithe (Pollachius virens) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) associated with fish farms (Fassoc), where waste feed is readily available, had modified diets, condition and fatty acid (FA) compositions in their muscle and liver tissues compared to fish unassociated (UA) with farms. Stomach content analyses revealed that both cod and saithe consumed waste feed in the vicinity of farms (6–96% of their diet was composed of food pellets). This translated into elevated body and liver condition compared to fish caught distant from farms for cod at both locations and elevated body condition for saithe at one of the locations. As a consequence of a modified diet, we detected significantly increased concentrations of terrestrial-derived fatty acids (FAs) such as linoleic (18:2ω6) and oleic (18:1ω9) acids and decreased concentrations of DHA (22:6ω3) in the muscle and/or liver of Fassoc cod and saithe when compared with UA fish. In addition, the ω3:ω6 ratio clearly differed between Fassoc and UA fish. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) correctly classified 97% of fish into Fassoc or UA origin for both cod and saithe based on the FA composition of liver tissues, and 89% of cod and 86% of saithe into Fassoc or UA origin based on the FA composition of muscle. Thus, LDA appears a useful tool for detecting the influence of fish farms on the FA composition of wild fish. Ready availability of waste feed with high protein and fat content provides a clear trophic subsidy to wild fish in coastal waters, yet whether the accompanying side-effect of altered fatty acid compositions affects physiological performance or reproductive potential requires further research. |
author2 |
Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada Biología Marina |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fernandez-Jover, Damian Martínez Rubio, Laura Sanchez-Jerez, Pablo Bayle-Sempere, Just T. López-Jiménez, José Ángel Martínez-López, Francisco Javier Bjørn, Pal-Arne Uglem, Ingebrigt Dempster, Tim |
author_facet |
Fernandez-Jover, Damian Martínez Rubio, Laura Sanchez-Jerez, Pablo Bayle-Sempere, Just T. López-Jiménez, José Ángel Martínez-López, Francisco Javier Bjørn, Pal-Arne Uglem, Ingebrigt Dempster, Tim |
author_sort |
Fernandez-Jover, Damian |
title |
Waste feed from coastal fish farms: a trophic subsidy with compositional side-effects for wild gadoids |
title_short |
Waste feed from coastal fish farms: a trophic subsidy with compositional side-effects for wild gadoids |
title_full |
Waste feed from coastal fish farms: a trophic subsidy with compositional side-effects for wild gadoids |
title_fullStr |
Waste feed from coastal fish farms: a trophic subsidy with compositional side-effects for wild gadoids |
title_full_unstemmed |
Waste feed from coastal fish farms: a trophic subsidy with compositional side-effects for wild gadoids |
title_sort |
waste feed from coastal fish farms: a trophic subsidy with compositional side-effects for wild gadoids |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10045/21435 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.12.009 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
op_relation |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.12.009 FERNÁNDEZ-JOVER, Damian, et al. “Waste feed from coastal fish farms: a trophic subsidy with compositional side-effects for wild gadoids”. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. Vol. 91, Issue 4 (1 March 2011). ISSN 0272-7714, pp. 559-568 0272-7714 (Print) 1096-0015 (Online) http://hdl.handle.net/10045/21435 doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2010.12.009 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.12.009 |
container_title |
Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science |
container_volume |
91 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
559 |
op_container_end_page |
568 |
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1766358244537663488 |