Viruses under the Antarctic Ice Shelf are active and potentially involved in global nutrient cycles
Viruses play an important role in the marine ecosystem. However, our comprehension of viruses inhabiting the dark ocean, and in particular, under the Antarctic Ice Shelves, remains limited. Here, we mine single-cell genomic, transcriptomic, and metagenomic data to uncover the viral diversity, biogeo...
Published in: | Nature Communications |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Springer Nature
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10045/139186 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44028-x |
id |
ftunivalicante:oai:rua.ua.es:10045/139186 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
RUA - Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante |
op_collection_id |
ftunivalicante |
language |
English |
topic |
Viruses Antarctic Ice Shelf Global nutrient cycles |
spellingShingle |
Viruses Antarctic Ice Shelf Global nutrient cycles Lopez-Simon, Javier Vila-Nistal, Marina Rosenova, Aleksandra De Corte, Daniele Baltar, Federico Martinez-Garcia, Manuel Viruses under the Antarctic Ice Shelf are active and potentially involved in global nutrient cycles |
topic_facet |
Viruses Antarctic Ice Shelf Global nutrient cycles |
description |
Viruses play an important role in the marine ecosystem. However, our comprehension of viruses inhabiting the dark ocean, and in particular, under the Antarctic Ice Shelves, remains limited. Here, we mine single-cell genomic, transcriptomic, and metagenomic data to uncover the viral diversity, biogeography, activity, and their role as metabolic facilitators of microbes beneath the Ross Ice Shelf. This is the largest Antarctic ice shelf with a major impact on global carbon cycle. The viral community found in the cavity under the ice shelf mainly comprises endemic viruses adapted to polar and mesopelagic environments. The low abundance of genes related to lysogenic lifestyle (<3%) does not support a predominance of the Piggyback-the-Winner hypothesis, consistent with a low-productivity habitat. Our results indicate a viral community actively infecting key ammonium and sulfur-oxidizing chemolithoautotrophs (e.g. Nitrosopumilus spp, Thioglobus spp.), supporting a “kill-the-winner” dynamic. Based on genome analysis, these viruses carry specific auxiliary metabolic genes potentially involved in nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus acquisition. Altogether, the viruses under Antarctic ice shelves are putatively involved in programming the metabolism of ecologically relevant microbes that maintain primary production in these chemosynthetically-driven ecosystems, which have a major role in global nutrient cycles. We thank the research grant to MMG funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PID2021-125175OB-I00). We also thank the Victoria University of Wellington Hot Water Drilling Team led by A. Pyne and D. Mendeno. This research was facilitated by the New Zealand Antarctic Research Institute (NZARI) funded Aotearoa New Zealand Ross Ice Shelf Programme, the New Zealand Antarctic Science Platform ANTA1801, the Austrian science fond (FWF) projects OCEANIDES (P34304-B), ENIGMA (TAI534), EXEBIO (P35248), and OCEANBIOPLAST (P35619-B) and a Rutherford Discovery Fellowship ... |
author2 |
Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef" Ecología Microbiana Molecular |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lopez-Simon, Javier Vila-Nistal, Marina Rosenova, Aleksandra De Corte, Daniele Baltar, Federico Martinez-Garcia, Manuel |
author_facet |
Lopez-Simon, Javier Vila-Nistal, Marina Rosenova, Aleksandra De Corte, Daniele Baltar, Federico Martinez-Garcia, Manuel |
author_sort |
Lopez-Simon, Javier |
title |
Viruses under the Antarctic Ice Shelf are active and potentially involved in global nutrient cycles |
title_short |
Viruses under the Antarctic Ice Shelf are active and potentially involved in global nutrient cycles |
title_full |
Viruses under the Antarctic Ice Shelf are active and potentially involved in global nutrient cycles |
title_fullStr |
Viruses under the Antarctic Ice Shelf are active and potentially involved in global nutrient cycles |
title_full_unstemmed |
Viruses under the Antarctic Ice Shelf are active and potentially involved in global nutrient cycles |
title_sort |
viruses under the antarctic ice shelf are active and potentially involved in global nutrient cycles |
publisher |
Springer Nature |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10045/139186 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44028-x |
geographic |
Antarctic New Zealand Ross Ice Shelf The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic New Zealand Ross Ice Shelf The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Ross Ice Shelf |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Ross Ice Shelf |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44028-x info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2021-125175OB-I00 Nature Communications. 2023, 14: 8295. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44028-x 2041-1723 http://hdl.handle.net/10045/139186 doi:10.1038/s41467-023-44028-x |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44028-x |
container_title |
Nature Communications |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1788067370101637120 |
spelling |
ftunivalicante:oai:rua.ua.es:10045/139186 2024-01-14T10:01:37+01:00 Viruses under the Antarctic Ice Shelf are active and potentially involved in global nutrient cycles Lopez-Simon, Javier Vila-Nistal, Marina Rosenova, Aleksandra De Corte, Daniele Baltar, Federico Martinez-Garcia, Manuel Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef" Ecología Microbiana Molecular 2023-12-14 http://hdl.handle.net/10045/139186 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44028-x eng eng Springer Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44028-x info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2021-125175OB-I00 Nature Communications. 2023, 14: 8295. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44028-x 2041-1723 http://hdl.handle.net/10045/139186 doi:10.1038/s41467-023-44028-x © The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Viruses Antarctic Ice Shelf Global nutrient cycles info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2023 ftunivalicante https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44028-x 2023-12-20T00:23:11Z Viruses play an important role in the marine ecosystem. However, our comprehension of viruses inhabiting the dark ocean, and in particular, under the Antarctic Ice Shelves, remains limited. Here, we mine single-cell genomic, transcriptomic, and metagenomic data to uncover the viral diversity, biogeography, activity, and their role as metabolic facilitators of microbes beneath the Ross Ice Shelf. This is the largest Antarctic ice shelf with a major impact on global carbon cycle. The viral community found in the cavity under the ice shelf mainly comprises endemic viruses adapted to polar and mesopelagic environments. The low abundance of genes related to lysogenic lifestyle (<3%) does not support a predominance of the Piggyback-the-Winner hypothesis, consistent with a low-productivity habitat. Our results indicate a viral community actively infecting key ammonium and sulfur-oxidizing chemolithoautotrophs (e.g. Nitrosopumilus spp, Thioglobus spp.), supporting a “kill-the-winner” dynamic. Based on genome analysis, these viruses carry specific auxiliary metabolic genes potentially involved in nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus acquisition. Altogether, the viruses under Antarctic ice shelves are putatively involved in programming the metabolism of ecologically relevant microbes that maintain primary production in these chemosynthetically-driven ecosystems, which have a major role in global nutrient cycles. We thank the research grant to MMG funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PID2021-125175OB-I00). We also thank the Victoria University of Wellington Hot Water Drilling Team led by A. Pyne and D. Mendeno. This research was facilitated by the New Zealand Antarctic Research Institute (NZARI) funded Aotearoa New Zealand Ross Ice Shelf Programme, the New Zealand Antarctic Science Platform ANTA1801, the Austrian science fond (FWF) projects OCEANIDES (P34304-B), ENIGMA (TAI534), EXEBIO (P35248), and OCEANBIOPLAST (P35619-B) and a Rutherford Discovery Fellowship ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Ross Ice Shelf RUA - Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante Antarctic New Zealand Ross Ice Shelf The Antarctic Nature Communications 14 1 |