Three-dimensional dental topography and feeding ecology in the extinct cave bear
The cave bear (Ursus spelaeus s.l.) was an iconic extinct bear that inhabited the Pleistocene of Eurasia. The cause of extinction of this species is unclear and to identify the actual factors, it is crucial to understand its feeding preferences. Here, we quantified the shape descriptor metrics in th...
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ftunivalicante:oai:rua.ua.es:10045/112006 2023-05-15T18:42:09+02:00 Three-dimensional dental topography and feeding ecology in the extinct cave bear Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro Romero, Alejandro Rodriguez, Ernesto Figueirido, Borja Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Biotecnología Grupo de Inmunología, Biología Celular y del Desarrollo 2020-12-23 http://hdl.handle.net/10045/112006 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0792 eng eng The Royal Society https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0792 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//CGL2012-37866 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//CGL2015-68300-P Biology Letters. 2020, 16(12): 20200792. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0792 1744-957X http://hdl.handle.net/10045/112006 doi:10.1098/rsbl.2020.0792 © 2020 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Cave bears Dental topography Feeding behaviour Evolution Biología Celular info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2020 ftunivalicante https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0792 2021-09-14T23:16:52Z The cave bear (Ursus spelaeus s.l.) was an iconic extinct bear that inhabited the Pleistocene of Eurasia. The cause of extinction of this species is unclear and to identify the actual factors, it is crucial to understand its feeding preferences. Here, we quantified the shape descriptor metrics in three-dimensional (3D) models of the upper teeth (P4–M2) of the cave bear to make inferences about its controversial feeding behaviour. We used comparative samples, including representatives of all living bear species with known diets, as a template. Our topographic analyses show that the complexity of upper tooth rows in living bears is more clearly associated with the mechanical properties of the items consumed than with the type of food. Cave bears exhibit intermediate values on topographic metrics compared with the bamboo-feeder giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and specialists in hard mast consumption (Ursus arctos and Ursus thibetanus). The crown topography of cave bear upper teeth suggests that they could chew on tough vegetal resources of low quality with high efficiency, a characteristic that no living bear currently displays. Our results align with a climate-driven hypothesis to explain the extinction of cave bear populations during the Late Pleistocene. This study has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness-MEC (CGL2012-37866, CGL2015-68300P) and Junta de Andalucía (UMA18-FEDERJA-188) to B.F. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ursus arctos RUA - Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante Biology Letters 16 12 20200792 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
RUA - Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante |
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ftunivalicante |
language |
English |
topic |
Cave bears Dental topography Feeding behaviour Evolution Biología Celular |
spellingShingle |
Cave bears Dental topography Feeding behaviour Evolution Biología Celular Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro Romero, Alejandro Rodriguez, Ernesto Figueirido, Borja Three-dimensional dental topography and feeding ecology in the extinct cave bear |
topic_facet |
Cave bears Dental topography Feeding behaviour Evolution Biología Celular |
description |
The cave bear (Ursus spelaeus s.l.) was an iconic extinct bear that inhabited the Pleistocene of Eurasia. The cause of extinction of this species is unclear and to identify the actual factors, it is crucial to understand its feeding preferences. Here, we quantified the shape descriptor metrics in three-dimensional (3D) models of the upper teeth (P4–M2) of the cave bear to make inferences about its controversial feeding behaviour. We used comparative samples, including representatives of all living bear species with known diets, as a template. Our topographic analyses show that the complexity of upper tooth rows in living bears is more clearly associated with the mechanical properties of the items consumed than with the type of food. Cave bears exhibit intermediate values on topographic metrics compared with the bamboo-feeder giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and specialists in hard mast consumption (Ursus arctos and Ursus thibetanus). The crown topography of cave bear upper teeth suggests that they could chew on tough vegetal resources of low quality with high efficiency, a characteristic that no living bear currently displays. Our results align with a climate-driven hypothesis to explain the extinction of cave bear populations during the Late Pleistocene. This study has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness-MEC (CGL2012-37866, CGL2015-68300P) and Junta de Andalucía (UMA18-FEDERJA-188) to B.F. |
author2 |
Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Biotecnología Grupo de Inmunología, Biología Celular y del Desarrollo |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro Romero, Alejandro Rodriguez, Ernesto Figueirido, Borja |
author_facet |
Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro Romero, Alejandro Rodriguez, Ernesto Figueirido, Borja |
author_sort |
Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro |
title |
Three-dimensional dental topography and feeding ecology in the extinct cave bear |
title_short |
Three-dimensional dental topography and feeding ecology in the extinct cave bear |
title_full |
Three-dimensional dental topography and feeding ecology in the extinct cave bear |
title_fullStr |
Three-dimensional dental topography and feeding ecology in the extinct cave bear |
title_full_unstemmed |
Three-dimensional dental topography and feeding ecology in the extinct cave bear |
title_sort |
three-dimensional dental topography and feeding ecology in the extinct cave bear |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10045/112006 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0792 |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0792 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//CGL2012-37866 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//CGL2015-68300-P Biology Letters. 2020, 16(12): 20200792. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0792 1744-957X http://hdl.handle.net/10045/112006 doi:10.1098/rsbl.2020.0792 |
op_rights |
© 2020 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0792 |
container_title |
Biology Letters |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
20200792 |
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1766231761305468928 |