Microscopic life stages of Arctic kelp differ in their resilience and reproductive output in response to Arctic seasonality
Kelp forests are important habitats in the strongly environmentally and seasonally variable Arctic. There is a critical lack of knowledge about how seasonal conditions and climate change scenarios influence survival and reproduction of kelp early life stages. To better understand the regulation of k...
Published in: | European Journal of Phycology |
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Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis
2022
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/17676 https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2021.2014983 |
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ftunivalgarve:oai:sapientia.ualg.pt:10400.1/17676 2023-05-15T14:48:26+02:00 Microscopic life stages of Arctic kelp differ in their resilience and reproductive output in response to Arctic seasonality Silva, Cláudio Figueira Pearson, Gareth Serrao, Ester Bartsch, Inka Martins, Neusa 2022 http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/17676 https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2021.2014983 eng eng Taylor & Francis SFRH/BPD/122567/2016 DL 57/2016/CP1361/CT0039 UIDB/04326/2020 BiodivERsA 0967-0262 http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/17676 doi:10.1080/09670262.2021.2014983 restrictedAccess Brown algae Ecology Irradiance Light Macroalgae Marine ecology Nutrients Polar Resilience Seasonality article 2022 ftunivalgarve https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2021.2014983 2022-07-06T00:01:23Z Kelp forests are important habitats in the strongly environmentally and seasonally variable Arctic. There is a critical lack of knowledge about how seasonal conditions and climate change scenarios influence survival and reproduction of kelp early life stages. To better understand the regulation of kelp life cycle processes in this harsh environment we focused on the physiological performance and reproductive success of early life stages in Alaria esculenta and Laminaria digitata from Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen. Gametophyte growth and survival during Arctic winter and subsequent sporophyte recruitment under spring conditions were investigated. Winter conditions (2 degrees C, complete darkness) halted gametophyte growth and prevented the onset of gametogenesis in both species. The gametophytes of L. digitata but not A. esculenta became fertile after returning to spring conditions, suggesting that sporogenesis, sexual reproduction and recruitment in A. esculenta must occur successively during summer/autumn while in L. digitata a new generation of sporophytes could develop from over-wintering gametophytes. The effects of simulated canopy shading (offering protection against extreme irradiance stress, particularly as sea ice retreats), present-day and projected Arctic summer seawater temperatures, and nutrient levels on gametophyte survival, fertility and sporophyte recruitment success were also investigated in both species. A. esculenta gametophytes had greater survival and reproductive success than L. digitata, except under very low light (simulating dense canopy). In contrast, shading was required for reproductive success in L. digitata gametophytes. Predicted summer temperatures of 9 degrees C reduced sexual reproduction in both species. Interactions observed between these environmental drivers probably reflect species-specific seasonal patterns of survival and reproduction. These differences between kelp species in response to abiotic factors and light levels (simulated canopy shading) suggest that climate change ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Sea ice Spitsbergen Universidade do Algarve: Sapienta Arctic European Journal of Phycology 1 15 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Universidade do Algarve: Sapienta |
op_collection_id |
ftunivalgarve |
language |
English |
topic |
Brown algae Ecology Irradiance Light Macroalgae Marine ecology Nutrients Polar Resilience Seasonality |
spellingShingle |
Brown algae Ecology Irradiance Light Macroalgae Marine ecology Nutrients Polar Resilience Seasonality Silva, Cláudio Figueira Pearson, Gareth Serrao, Ester Bartsch, Inka Martins, Neusa Microscopic life stages of Arctic kelp differ in their resilience and reproductive output in response to Arctic seasonality |
topic_facet |
Brown algae Ecology Irradiance Light Macroalgae Marine ecology Nutrients Polar Resilience Seasonality |
description |
Kelp forests are important habitats in the strongly environmentally and seasonally variable Arctic. There is a critical lack of knowledge about how seasonal conditions and climate change scenarios influence survival and reproduction of kelp early life stages. To better understand the regulation of kelp life cycle processes in this harsh environment we focused on the physiological performance and reproductive success of early life stages in Alaria esculenta and Laminaria digitata from Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen. Gametophyte growth and survival during Arctic winter and subsequent sporophyte recruitment under spring conditions were investigated. Winter conditions (2 degrees C, complete darkness) halted gametophyte growth and prevented the onset of gametogenesis in both species. The gametophytes of L. digitata but not A. esculenta became fertile after returning to spring conditions, suggesting that sporogenesis, sexual reproduction and recruitment in A. esculenta must occur successively during summer/autumn while in L. digitata a new generation of sporophytes could develop from over-wintering gametophytes. The effects of simulated canopy shading (offering protection against extreme irradiance stress, particularly as sea ice retreats), present-day and projected Arctic summer seawater temperatures, and nutrient levels on gametophyte survival, fertility and sporophyte recruitment success were also investigated in both species. A. esculenta gametophytes had greater survival and reproductive success than L. digitata, except under very low light (simulating dense canopy). In contrast, shading was required for reproductive success in L. digitata gametophytes. Predicted summer temperatures of 9 degrees C reduced sexual reproduction in both species. Interactions observed between these environmental drivers probably reflect species-specific seasonal patterns of survival and reproduction. These differences between kelp species in response to abiotic factors and light levels (simulated canopy shading) suggest that climate change ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Silva, Cláudio Figueira Pearson, Gareth Serrao, Ester Bartsch, Inka Martins, Neusa |
author_facet |
Silva, Cláudio Figueira Pearson, Gareth Serrao, Ester Bartsch, Inka Martins, Neusa |
author_sort |
Silva, Cláudio Figueira |
title |
Microscopic life stages of Arctic kelp differ in their resilience and reproductive output in response to Arctic seasonality |
title_short |
Microscopic life stages of Arctic kelp differ in their resilience and reproductive output in response to Arctic seasonality |
title_full |
Microscopic life stages of Arctic kelp differ in their resilience and reproductive output in response to Arctic seasonality |
title_fullStr |
Microscopic life stages of Arctic kelp differ in their resilience and reproductive output in response to Arctic seasonality |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microscopic life stages of Arctic kelp differ in their resilience and reproductive output in response to Arctic seasonality |
title_sort |
microscopic life stages of arctic kelp differ in their resilience and reproductive output in response to arctic seasonality |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/17676 https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2021.2014983 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Sea ice Spitsbergen |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Sea ice Spitsbergen |
op_relation |
SFRH/BPD/122567/2016 DL 57/2016/CP1361/CT0039 UIDB/04326/2020 BiodivERsA 0967-0262 http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/17676 doi:10.1080/09670262.2021.2014983 |
op_rights |
restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2021.2014983 |
container_title |
European Journal of Phycology |
container_start_page |
1 |
op_container_end_page |
15 |
_version_ |
1766319505530683392 |