One health toxicology: expanding perspectives and methods to assess environmental contaminants
Dissertation (Ph.D.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2017 The discipline of One Health is founded on the principal that environmental health, animal health, and human health are interconnected. Although the field has been largely focused on zoonotic diseases, examining concepts such as toxicology un...
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ftunivalaska:oai:scholarworks.alaska.edu:11122/8127 2023-05-15T14:54:30+02:00 One health toxicology: expanding perspectives and methods to assess environmental contaminants Harley, John Robinson O'Hara, Todd Dunlap, Kriya Duffy, Lawrence Rea, Lorrie 2017-12 http://hdl.handle.net/11122/8127 en_US eng http://hdl.handle.net/11122/8127 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Environmental toxicology Arctic regions Canidae Toxicology Steller's sea lion Pregnant women Mexico La Paz (Baja California Sur) Mercury in the body Fishes Mercury content One Health (Initiative) Dissertation phd 2017 ftunivalaska 2023-02-23T21:37:00Z Dissertation (Ph.D.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2017 The discipline of One Health is founded on the principal that environmental health, animal health, and human health are interconnected. Although the field has been largely focused on zoonotic diseases, examining concepts such as toxicology under a One Health lens can offer a more holistic and preventative approach to research and implementation and, in particular, how fish-based diets may be involved with One Health outcomes. Here we present three general case studies that demonstrate new approaches to investigating One Health toxicology. In Chapter One we show how Arctic canids can be used as environmental sentinels for human health. We discuss three separate canid studies; in the first we find that Arctic foxes can act as sentinels of Arctic contaminants due to their foraging plasticity, in the second we examine the use of fish-fed sled dogs as a model for the effects of a fish-based diet on contaminants exposure and gene transcription, and in the third we develop the sled dog as a model for particulate matter air pollution in the Fairbanks North Star Borough. In Chapter Two we utilize the Steller sea lion, a nonmodel organism, as a sentinel for the effects of fish-based diet mercury exposure induced whole-genome changes in gene transcription (RNA-Seq). Using newly developed informatics tools we assemble a de novo transcriptome and examine large scale changes in gene expression related to mercury exposure and other One Health uses. This approach is extremely adaptable and has the potential to be applied across numerous non-model organisms and contaminants. We also applied a microbial mining algorithm to our RNA-Seq data and found evidence for a hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. in one of our samples. In Chapter Three we examine sources of mercury exposure for pregnant women from La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico. We found mercury concentrations to be generally low among the examined fish species and staple foods. While typical dietary assessments rely on ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Arctic Human health Alaska University of Alaska: ScholarWorks@UA Arctic Baja Fairbanks North Star ENVELOPE(-117.636,-117.636,56.850,56.850) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Alaska: ScholarWorks@UA |
op_collection_id |
ftunivalaska |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental toxicology Arctic regions Canidae Toxicology Steller's sea lion Pregnant women Mexico La Paz (Baja California Sur) Mercury in the body Fishes Mercury content One Health (Initiative) |
spellingShingle |
Environmental toxicology Arctic regions Canidae Toxicology Steller's sea lion Pregnant women Mexico La Paz (Baja California Sur) Mercury in the body Fishes Mercury content One Health (Initiative) Harley, John Robinson One health toxicology: expanding perspectives and methods to assess environmental contaminants |
topic_facet |
Environmental toxicology Arctic regions Canidae Toxicology Steller's sea lion Pregnant women Mexico La Paz (Baja California Sur) Mercury in the body Fishes Mercury content One Health (Initiative) |
description |
Dissertation (Ph.D.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2017 The discipline of One Health is founded on the principal that environmental health, animal health, and human health are interconnected. Although the field has been largely focused on zoonotic diseases, examining concepts such as toxicology under a One Health lens can offer a more holistic and preventative approach to research and implementation and, in particular, how fish-based diets may be involved with One Health outcomes. Here we present three general case studies that demonstrate new approaches to investigating One Health toxicology. In Chapter One we show how Arctic canids can be used as environmental sentinels for human health. We discuss three separate canid studies; in the first we find that Arctic foxes can act as sentinels of Arctic contaminants due to their foraging plasticity, in the second we examine the use of fish-fed sled dogs as a model for the effects of a fish-based diet on contaminants exposure and gene transcription, and in the third we develop the sled dog as a model for particulate matter air pollution in the Fairbanks North Star Borough. In Chapter Two we utilize the Steller sea lion, a nonmodel organism, as a sentinel for the effects of fish-based diet mercury exposure induced whole-genome changes in gene transcription (RNA-Seq). Using newly developed informatics tools we assemble a de novo transcriptome and examine large scale changes in gene expression related to mercury exposure and other One Health uses. This approach is extremely adaptable and has the potential to be applied across numerous non-model organisms and contaminants. We also applied a microbial mining algorithm to our RNA-Seq data and found evidence for a hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. in one of our samples. In Chapter Three we examine sources of mercury exposure for pregnant women from La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico. We found mercury concentrations to be generally low among the examined fish species and staple foods. While typical dietary assessments rely on ... |
author2 |
O'Hara, Todd Dunlap, Kriya Duffy, Lawrence Rea, Lorrie |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Harley, John Robinson |
author_facet |
Harley, John Robinson |
author_sort |
Harley, John Robinson |
title |
One health toxicology: expanding perspectives and methods to assess environmental contaminants |
title_short |
One health toxicology: expanding perspectives and methods to assess environmental contaminants |
title_full |
One health toxicology: expanding perspectives and methods to assess environmental contaminants |
title_fullStr |
One health toxicology: expanding perspectives and methods to assess environmental contaminants |
title_full_unstemmed |
One health toxicology: expanding perspectives and methods to assess environmental contaminants |
title_sort |
one health toxicology: expanding perspectives and methods to assess environmental contaminants |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11122/8127 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-117.636,-117.636,56.850,56.850) |
geographic |
Arctic Baja Fairbanks North Star |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Baja Fairbanks North Star |
genre |
Arctic Human health Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Human health Alaska |
op_relation |
http://hdl.handle.net/11122/8127 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry |
_version_ |
1766326221554057216 |