Cellulose degrading microorganisms in Alaskan boreal forest soil

• Main Author: Stone, Kelsie Marie Engen
• Other Authors: Leigh, Mary Beth, Taylor, D. Lee, Valentine, David
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: 2009
• Subjects: Cellulose; Biodegradation; Soil fungi; Forest soils; Soil microbial ecology; Plant biomass; Taiga ecology; Fairbanks; taiga; Alaska
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/11122/12794

Thesis (M.S.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2009 "Cellulose is the most abundant organic compound on earth, and has been studied intensely. This thesis includes a review of previous studies and literature compiled on cellulose degradation and its significance to biofuel production. It also reports a study designed to advance knowledge of cellulose degrading bacteria and fungi in Alaskan boreal forest soil. This was accomplished using stable isotope probing (SIP) in soil microcosms and community analyses of organisms colonizing in situ buried Birch Tongue Depressors (BTDs). We identified which organisms incorporated a 13C cellulose label into their genomic material, finding degradation to be dominated by fungi. Fungi from the genera Sebacina, Geopyxis and Geomyces were the most prevalent in fungal ITS clone libraries. The most abundant bacterial cellulose utilizers were members of the order Sphingobacteriales, along with several unclassified Bacteria; the well-known cellulose degrader Cellvibrio was present, but found less frequently. The microbial community colonizing BTDs shared some taxa in common with bacterial SIP results, but differed from fungi identified with SIP. Using SIP, we identified a variety of soil microorganisms active in utilization of carbon from cellulose. These findings are significant for understanding fundamental ecosystem carbon cycling and may have application to cellulosic biofuel production technologies"--Leaf iii National Science Foundation Award 0626544 1. General introduction -- 2. Cellulose degradation and its biofuel potential -- 3. Cellulose degrading microorganisms in Alaskan boreal forest soil -- 4. General conclusion.