La montagne des chasseurs-collecteurs

• Main Author: Tillet, Thierry
• Other Authors: Economies, sociétés et environnements préhistoriques (ESEP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jean Desse, Nathalie Desse-Berset, Patrice Méniel & Jacqueline Studer
• Format: Book Part
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2005
• Subjects: Rhône-Alpes; France; Europe du Sud; Amérique du Nord; Préhistoire; montagne; environnement; occupation du sol; saisonnalité; chasseur-cueilleur; économie de subsistance; [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory; Alaska; Yukon
• Online Access: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00221475

The Mountain of hunter-gatherers. I : seasonality, danger, nutrition, veneration, mobility.- This article is a reflection on what mountainous environments may represent to communities of hunter-collectors it deals with the strategies that could be implemented by such people to exploit these environments, and it considers the rather abstract notion of the attraction and veneration that these people may have had for such sacred areas of the landscape. The paper presents various schemes for hunter-collector mobility and discusses the concepts of “nomadism” and “semi-nomadism.” The essential framework is based on a schema devised on the basis of several years of research on the Palaeolithic in the Alps (TILLET, 2001a). This article is the first in a series that is intended to compare the paleo-alpine schema with others as revealed by Amerindian hunter-collectors from British-Columbia, Yukon and Alaska. The research attempts to isolate some aspects of habitus as related to this particular set of constraints. Its objective is the identification of possible mechanisms, based on interdisciplinary contextual and synthetic comparisons, of rules of behavior in the exploitation of animal resources in mountains, without direct use of analogy. This identification seeks similarities or constants between different rules of behavior, and tries to understand them without seeking to assimilate them. The goal is to analyze the structure of unconscious and collective behaviors and to propose models to explain them. Cet article se veut une réflexion sur ce que peuvent représenter les milieux dʼaltitude pour des communautés de chasseurs-collecteurs sur les stratégies à mettre en oeuvre par ces mêmes communautés pour les aborder et les exploiter, et sur les considérations assez abstraites dʼune attirance et souvent dʼune certaine vénération pour un milieu surnaturel. Il détaille les schèmes de mobilité et discute les concepts de « nomadisme » et de « semi-nomadisme ». Lʼidée de départ se base sur un schéma établi à la suite de ...