Dispersal patterns of coastal fish: implications for designing networks of marine protected areas

• Published in: PLoS ONE
• Main Authors: Di Franco, A., Gillanders, B., De Benedetto, G., Pennetta, A., De Leo, G., Guidetti, P.
• Other Authors: Unsworth, R.K.F.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Public Library of Science 2012
• Subjects: Animals; Fishes; Sea Bream; Marine Biology; Conservation of Natural Resources; Ecosystem; Population Dynamics; Phylogeny; Larva; Fisheries; White Sea
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/73125; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0031681

Information about dispersal scales of fish at various life history stages is critical for successful design of networks of marine protected areas, but is lacking for most species and regions. Otolith chemistry provides an opportunity to investigate dispersal patterns at a number of life history stages. Our aim was to assess patterns of larval and post-settlement (i.e. between settlement and recruitment) dispersal at two different spatial scales in a Mediterranean coastal fish (i.e. white sea bream, Diplodus sargus sargus) using otolith chemistry. At a large spatial scale (~200 km) we investigated natal origin of fish and at a smaller scale (~30 km) we assessed "site fidelity"(i.e. post-settlement dispersal until recruitment). Larvae dispersed from three spawning areas, and a single spawning area supplied post-settlers (proxy of larval supply) to sites spread from 100 to 200 km of coastline. Post-settlement dispersal occurred within the scale examined of ~30 km, although about a third of post-settlers were recruits in the same sites where they settled. Connectivity was recorded both from a MPA to unprotected areas and vice versa. The approach adopted in the present study provides some of the first quantitative evidence of dispersal at both larval and post-settlement stages of a key species in Mediterranean rocky reefs. Similar data taken from a number of species are needed to effectively design both single marine protected areas and networks of marine protected areas. Antonio Di Franco, Bronwyn M. Gillanders, Giuseppe De Benedetto, Antonio Pennetta, Giulio A. De Leo and Paolo Guidetti