The direct effects of increasing CO₂ and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests
Predictions about the ecological consequences of oceanic uptake of CO2 have been preoccupied with the effects of ocean acidification on calcifying organisms, particularly those critical to the formation of habitats (e.g. coral reefs) or their maintenance (e.g. grazing echinoderms). This focus overlo...
Published in: | Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Royal Soc London
2010
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/2440/60784 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 |
id |
ftunivadelaidedl:oai:digital.library.adelaide.edu.au:2440/60784 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivadelaidedl:oai:digital.library.adelaide.edu.au:2440/60784 2023-12-24T10:23:50+01:00 The direct effects of increasing CO₂ and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests The direct effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests Connell, S. Russell, B. 2010 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2440/60784 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 en eng Royal Soc London ARC Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2010; 277(1686):1409-1415 0962-8452 1471-2970 http://hdl.handle.net/2440/60784 doi:10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 Connell, S. [0000-0002-5350-6852] Russell, B. [0000-0003-1282-9978] This journal is © 2010 The Royal Society http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 carbon dioxide climate change habitat resilience phase shift turf-forming algae Journal article 2010 ftunivadelaidedl https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 2023-11-27T23:17:41Z Predictions about the ecological consequences of oceanic uptake of CO2 have been preoccupied with the effects of ocean acidification on calcifying organisms, particularly those critical to the formation of habitats (e.g. coral reefs) or their maintenance (e.g. grazing echinoderms). This focus overlooks the direct effects of CO2 on non-calcareous taxa, particularly those that play critical roles in ecosystem shifts. We used two experiments to investigate whether increased CO2 could exacerbate kelp loss by facilitating non-calcareous algae that, we hypothesized, (i) inhibit the recovery of kelp forests on an urbanized coast, and (ii) form more extensive covers and greater biomass under moderate future CO2 and associated temperature increases. Our experimental removal of turfs from a phase-shifted system (i.e. kelp- to turf-dominated) revealed that the number of kelp recruits increased, thereby indicating that turfs can inhibit kelp recruitment. Future CO2 and temperature interacted synergistically to have a positive effect on the abundance of algal turfs, whereby they had twice the biomass and occupied over four times more available space than under current conditions. We suggest that the current preoccupation with the negative effects of ocean acidification on marine calcifiers overlooks potentially profound effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms. Sean D. Connell and Bayden D. Russell Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification The University of Adelaide: Digital Library Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277 1686 1409 1415 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The University of Adelaide: Digital Library |
op_collection_id |
ftunivadelaidedl |
language |
English |
topic |
carbon dioxide climate change habitat resilience phase shift turf-forming algae |
spellingShingle |
carbon dioxide climate change habitat resilience phase shift turf-forming algae Connell, S. Russell, B. The direct effects of increasing CO₂ and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
topic_facet |
carbon dioxide climate change habitat resilience phase shift turf-forming algae |
description |
Predictions about the ecological consequences of oceanic uptake of CO2 have been preoccupied with the effects of ocean acidification on calcifying organisms, particularly those critical to the formation of habitats (e.g. coral reefs) or their maintenance (e.g. grazing echinoderms). This focus overlooks the direct effects of CO2 on non-calcareous taxa, particularly those that play critical roles in ecosystem shifts. We used two experiments to investigate whether increased CO2 could exacerbate kelp loss by facilitating non-calcareous algae that, we hypothesized, (i) inhibit the recovery of kelp forests on an urbanized coast, and (ii) form more extensive covers and greater biomass under moderate future CO2 and associated temperature increases. Our experimental removal of turfs from a phase-shifted system (i.e. kelp- to turf-dominated) revealed that the number of kelp recruits increased, thereby indicating that turfs can inhibit kelp recruitment. Future CO2 and temperature interacted synergistically to have a positive effect on the abundance of algal turfs, whereby they had twice the biomass and occupied over four times more available space than under current conditions. We suggest that the current preoccupation with the negative effects of ocean acidification on marine calcifiers overlooks potentially profound effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms. Sean D. Connell and Bayden D. Russell |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Connell, S. Russell, B. |
author_facet |
Connell, S. Russell, B. |
author_sort |
Connell, S. |
title |
The direct effects of increasing CO₂ and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
title_short |
The direct effects of increasing CO₂ and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
title_full |
The direct effects of increasing CO₂ and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
title_fullStr |
The direct effects of increasing CO₂ and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
title_full_unstemmed |
The direct effects of increasing CO₂ and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
title_sort |
direct effects of increasing co₂ and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
publisher |
Royal Soc London |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2440/60784 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 |
op_relation |
ARC Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2010; 277(1686):1409-1415 0962-8452 1471-2970 http://hdl.handle.net/2440/60784 doi:10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 Connell, S. [0000-0002-5350-6852] Russell, B. [0000-0003-1282-9978] |
op_rights |
This journal is © 2010 The Royal Society |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
container_volume |
277 |
container_issue |
1686 |
container_start_page |
1409 |
op_container_end_page |
1415 |
_version_ |
1786198100119912448 |