Mitochondrial genomes reveal an explosive radiation of extinct and extant bears near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary
© 2008 Krause et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original w...
Published in: | BMC Evolutionary Biology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BioMed Central Ltd.
2008
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/2440/52327 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-220 |
id |
ftunivadelaidedl:oai:digital.library.adelaide.edu.au:2440/52327 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivadelaidedl:oai:digital.library.adelaide.edu.au:2440/52327 2023-12-24T10:15:33+01:00 Mitochondrial genomes reveal an explosive radiation of extinct and extant bears near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary Krause, J. Unger, T. Nocon, A. Malaspinas, A. Kolokotronis, S. Stiller, M. Soibelzon, L. Spriggs, H. Dear, P. Briggs, A. Bray, S. O'Brien, S. Rabeder, G. Matheus, P. Cooper, A. Slatkin, M. Paabo, S. Hofreiter, M. 2008 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2440/52327 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-220 en eng BioMed Central Ltd. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2008; 8(1):WWW 1-WWW 12 1471-2148 http://hdl.handle.net/2440/52327 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-220 Bray, S. [0000-0001-7067-4551] Cooper, A. [0000-0002-7738-7851] http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-220 Animals Ursidae DNA Mitochondrial Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Alignment Phylogeny Fossils Genetic Speciation Extinction Biological Genome Journal article 2008 ftunivadelaidedl https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-220 2023-11-27T23:18:13Z © 2008 Krause et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background. Despite being one of the most studied families within the Carnivora, the phylogenetic relationships among the members of the bear family (Ursidae) have long remained unclear. Widely divergent topologies have been suggested based on various data sets and methods. Results. We present a fully resolved phylogeny for ursids based on ten complete mitochondrial genome sequences from all eight living and two recently extinct bear species, the European cave bear (Ursus spelaeus) and the American giant short-faced bear (Arctodus simus). The mitogenomic data yield a well-resolved topology for ursids, with the sloth bear at the basal position within the genus Ursus. The sun bear is the sister taxon to both the American and Asian black bears, and this clade is the sister clade of cave bear, brown bear and polar bear confirming a recent study on bear mitochondrial genomes. Conclusion. Sequences from extinct bears represent the third and fourth Pleistocene species for which complete mitochondrial genomes have been sequenced. Moreover, the cave bear specimen demonstrates that mitogenomic studies can be applied to Pleistocene fossils that have not been preserved in permafrost, and therefore have a broad application within ancient DNA research. Molecular dating of the mtDNA divergence times suggests a rapid radiation of bears in both the Old and New Worlds around 5 million years ago, at the Miocene-Pliocene boundary. This coincides with major global changes, such as the Messinian crisis and the first opening of the Bering Strait, and suggests a global influence of such events on species radiations. Johannes Krause, Tina Unger, Aline Noçon, Anna-Sapfo Malaspinas, Sergios-Orestis Kolokotronis, ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Bering Strait permafrost polar bear The University of Adelaide: Digital Library Bering Strait BMC Evolutionary Biology 8 1 220 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The University of Adelaide: Digital Library |
op_collection_id |
ftunivadelaidedl |
language |
English |
topic |
Animals Ursidae DNA Mitochondrial Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Alignment Phylogeny Fossils Genetic Speciation Extinction Biological Genome |
spellingShingle |
Animals Ursidae DNA Mitochondrial Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Alignment Phylogeny Fossils Genetic Speciation Extinction Biological Genome Krause, J. Unger, T. Nocon, A. Malaspinas, A. Kolokotronis, S. Stiller, M. Soibelzon, L. Spriggs, H. Dear, P. Briggs, A. Bray, S. O'Brien, S. Rabeder, G. Matheus, P. Cooper, A. Slatkin, M. Paabo, S. Hofreiter, M. Mitochondrial genomes reveal an explosive radiation of extinct and extant bears near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary |
topic_facet |
Animals Ursidae DNA Mitochondrial Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Alignment Phylogeny Fossils Genetic Speciation Extinction Biological Genome |
description |
© 2008 Krause et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background. Despite being one of the most studied families within the Carnivora, the phylogenetic relationships among the members of the bear family (Ursidae) have long remained unclear. Widely divergent topologies have been suggested based on various data sets and methods. Results. We present a fully resolved phylogeny for ursids based on ten complete mitochondrial genome sequences from all eight living and two recently extinct bear species, the European cave bear (Ursus spelaeus) and the American giant short-faced bear (Arctodus simus). The mitogenomic data yield a well-resolved topology for ursids, with the sloth bear at the basal position within the genus Ursus. The sun bear is the sister taxon to both the American and Asian black bears, and this clade is the sister clade of cave bear, brown bear and polar bear confirming a recent study on bear mitochondrial genomes. Conclusion. Sequences from extinct bears represent the third and fourth Pleistocene species for which complete mitochondrial genomes have been sequenced. Moreover, the cave bear specimen demonstrates that mitogenomic studies can be applied to Pleistocene fossils that have not been preserved in permafrost, and therefore have a broad application within ancient DNA research. Molecular dating of the mtDNA divergence times suggests a rapid radiation of bears in both the Old and New Worlds around 5 million years ago, at the Miocene-Pliocene boundary. This coincides with major global changes, such as the Messinian crisis and the first opening of the Bering Strait, and suggests a global influence of such events on species radiations. Johannes Krause, Tina Unger, Aline Noçon, Anna-Sapfo Malaspinas, Sergios-Orestis Kolokotronis, ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Krause, J. Unger, T. Nocon, A. Malaspinas, A. Kolokotronis, S. Stiller, M. Soibelzon, L. Spriggs, H. Dear, P. Briggs, A. Bray, S. O'Brien, S. Rabeder, G. Matheus, P. Cooper, A. Slatkin, M. Paabo, S. Hofreiter, M. |
author_facet |
Krause, J. Unger, T. Nocon, A. Malaspinas, A. Kolokotronis, S. Stiller, M. Soibelzon, L. Spriggs, H. Dear, P. Briggs, A. Bray, S. O'Brien, S. Rabeder, G. Matheus, P. Cooper, A. Slatkin, M. Paabo, S. Hofreiter, M. |
author_sort |
Krause, J. |
title |
Mitochondrial genomes reveal an explosive radiation of extinct and extant bears near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary |
title_short |
Mitochondrial genomes reveal an explosive radiation of extinct and extant bears near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary |
title_full |
Mitochondrial genomes reveal an explosive radiation of extinct and extant bears near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary |
title_fullStr |
Mitochondrial genomes reveal an explosive radiation of extinct and extant bears near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mitochondrial genomes reveal an explosive radiation of extinct and extant bears near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary |
title_sort |
mitochondrial genomes reveal an explosive radiation of extinct and extant bears near the miocene-pliocene boundary |
publisher |
BioMed Central Ltd. |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2440/52327 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-220 |
geographic |
Bering Strait |
geographic_facet |
Bering Strait |
genre |
Bering Strait permafrost polar bear |
genre_facet |
Bering Strait permafrost polar bear |
op_source |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-220 |
op_relation |
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2008; 8(1):WWW 1-WWW 12 1471-2148 http://hdl.handle.net/2440/52327 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-220 Bray, S. [0000-0001-7067-4551] Cooper, A. [0000-0002-7738-7851] |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-220 |
container_title |
BMC Evolutionary Biology |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
220 |
_version_ |
1786202493088169984 |