Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation
The causes of Late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions (60,000 to 11,650 years ago, hereafter 60 to 11.65 ka) remain contentious, with major phases coinciding with both human arrival and climate change around the world. The Americas provide a unique opportunity to disentangle these factors as human c...
Published in: | Science Advances |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Language: | English |
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American Association for the Advancement of Science
2016
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/2440/110979 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501682 |
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Climate extinction |
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Climate extinction Metcalf, J. Turney, C. Barnett, R. Martin, F. Bray, S. Vilstrup, J. Orlando, L. Salas-Gismondi, R. Loponte, D. Medina, M. De Nigris, M. Civalero, T. Fernández, P. Gasco, A. Duran, V. Seymour, K. Otaola, C. Gil, A. Paunero, R. Prevosti, F. Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation |
topic_facet |
Climate extinction |
description |
The causes of Late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions (60,000 to 11,650 years ago, hereafter 60 to 11.65 ka) remain contentious, with major phases coinciding with both human arrival and climate change around the world. The Americas provide a unique opportunity to disentangle these factors as human colonization took place over a narrow time frame (~15 to 14.6 ka) but during contrasting temperature trends across each continent. Unfortunately, limited data sets in South America have so far precluded detailed comparison. We analyze genetic and radiocarbon data from 89 and 71 Patagonian megafaunal bones, respectively, more than doubling the high-quality Pleistocene megafaunal radiocarbon data sets from the region. We identify a narrow megafaunal extinction phase 12,280 ± 110 years ago, some 1 to 3 thousand years after initial human presence in the area. Although humans arrived immediately prior to a cold phase, the Antarctic Cold Reversal stadial, megafaunal extinctions did not occur until the stadial finished and the subsequent warming phase commenced some 1 to 3 thousand years later. The increased resolution provided by the Patagonian material reveals that the sequence of climate and extinction events in North and South America were temporally inverted, but in both cases, megafaunal extinctions did not occur until human presence and climate warming coincided. Overall, metapopulation processes involving subpopulation connectivity on a continental scale appear to have been critical for megafaunal species survival of both climate change and human impacts. Jessica L. Metcalf, Chris Turney, Ross Barnett, Fabiana Martin, Sarah C. Bray, Julia T. Vilstrup, Ludovic Orlando, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Daniel Loponte, Matías Medina, Mariana De Nigris, Teresa Civalero, Pablo Marcelo Fernández, Alejandra Gasco, Victor Duran, Kevin L. Seymour, Clara Otaola, Adolfo Gil, Rafael Paunero, Francisco J. Prevosti, Corey J. A. Bradshaw, Jane C. Wheeler, Luis Borrero, Jeremy J. Austin, Alan Cooper |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Metcalf, J. Turney, C. Barnett, R. Martin, F. Bray, S. Vilstrup, J. Orlando, L. Salas-Gismondi, R. Loponte, D. Medina, M. De Nigris, M. Civalero, T. Fernández, P. Gasco, A. Duran, V. Seymour, K. Otaola, C. Gil, A. Paunero, R. Prevosti, F. |
author_facet |
Metcalf, J. Turney, C. Barnett, R. Martin, F. Bray, S. Vilstrup, J. Orlando, L. Salas-Gismondi, R. Loponte, D. Medina, M. De Nigris, M. Civalero, T. Fernández, P. Gasco, A. Duran, V. Seymour, K. Otaola, C. Gil, A. Paunero, R. Prevosti, F. |
author_sort |
Metcalf, J. |
title |
Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation |
title_short |
Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation |
title_full |
Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation |
title_fullStr |
Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation |
title_sort |
synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the last deglaciation |
publisher |
American Association for the Advancement of Science |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2440/110979 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501682 |
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ENVELOPE(-56.767,-56.767,-64.283,-64.283) ENVELOPE(-66.233,-66.233,-68.453,-68.453) ENVELOPE(-114.067,-114.067,-74.833,-74.833) ENVELOPE(-63.717,-63.717,-64.283,-64.283) ENVELOPE(-68.838,-68.838,-69.402,-69.402) ENVELOPE(163.867,163.867,-71.467,-71.467) ENVELOPE(-145.133,-145.133,-76.667,-76.667) ENVELOPE(-58.417,-58.417,-63.550,-63.550) ENVELOPE(142.909,142.909,59.493,59.493) |
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Antarctic The Antarctic Austin Seymour Medina Bray Pablo Jeremy Bradshaw Corey Salas Duran |
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Antarctic The Antarctic Austin Seymour Medina Bray Pablo Jeremy Bradshaw Corey Salas Duran |
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Antarc* Antarctic |
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Antarc* Antarctic |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501682 |
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http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP140104233 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP0664562 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FL140100260 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT0992331 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FF0457313 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FL100100195 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP130103842 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT110100306 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT100100108 Science Advances, 2016; 2(6):e1501682-1-e1501682-8 2375-2548 http://hdl.handle.net/2440/110979 doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501682 Bray, S. [0000-0001-7067-4551] Bradshaw, C. [0000-0002-5328-7741] Austin, J. [0000-0003-4244-2942] Cooper, A. [0000-0002-7738-7851] |
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2016 © The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). |
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https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501682 |
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ftunivadelaidedl:oai:digital.library.adelaide.edu.au:2440/110979 2023-12-24T10:11:30+01:00 Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation Metcalf, J. Turney, C. Barnett, R. Martin, F. Bray, S. Vilstrup, J. Orlando, L. Salas-Gismondi, R. Loponte, D. Medina, M. De Nigris, M. Civalero, T. Fernández, P. Gasco, A. Duran, V. Seymour, K. Otaola, C. Gil, A. Paunero, R. Prevosti, F. 2016 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2440/110979 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501682 en eng American Association for the Advancement of Science http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP140104233 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP0664562 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FL140100260 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT0992331 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FF0457313 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FL100100195 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP130103842 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT110100306 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT100100108 Science Advances, 2016; 2(6):e1501682-1-e1501682-8 2375-2548 http://hdl.handle.net/2440/110979 doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501682 Bray, S. [0000-0001-7067-4551] Bradshaw, C. [0000-0002-5328-7741] Austin, J. [0000-0003-4244-2942] Cooper, A. [0000-0002-7738-7851] 2016 © The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501682 Climate extinction Journal article 2016 ftunivadelaidedl https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501682 2023-11-27T23:18:09Z The causes of Late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions (60,000 to 11,650 years ago, hereafter 60 to 11.65 ka) remain contentious, with major phases coinciding with both human arrival and climate change around the world. The Americas provide a unique opportunity to disentangle these factors as human colonization took place over a narrow time frame (~15 to 14.6 ka) but during contrasting temperature trends across each continent. Unfortunately, limited data sets in South America have so far precluded detailed comparison. We analyze genetic and radiocarbon data from 89 and 71 Patagonian megafaunal bones, respectively, more than doubling the high-quality Pleistocene megafaunal radiocarbon data sets from the region. We identify a narrow megafaunal extinction phase 12,280 ± 110 years ago, some 1 to 3 thousand years after initial human presence in the area. Although humans arrived immediately prior to a cold phase, the Antarctic Cold Reversal stadial, megafaunal extinctions did not occur until the stadial finished and the subsequent warming phase commenced some 1 to 3 thousand years later. The increased resolution provided by the Patagonian material reveals that the sequence of climate and extinction events in North and South America were temporally inverted, but in both cases, megafaunal extinctions did not occur until human presence and climate warming coincided. Overall, metapopulation processes involving subpopulation connectivity on a continental scale appear to have been critical for megafaunal species survival of both climate change and human impacts. Jessica L. Metcalf, Chris Turney, Ross Barnett, Fabiana Martin, Sarah C. Bray, Julia T. Vilstrup, Ludovic Orlando, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Daniel Loponte, Matías Medina, Mariana De Nigris, Teresa Civalero, Pablo Marcelo Fernández, Alejandra Gasco, Victor Duran, Kevin L. Seymour, Clara Otaola, Adolfo Gil, Rafael Paunero, Francisco J. Prevosti, Corey J. A. Bradshaw, Jane C. Wheeler, Luis Borrero, Jeremy J. Austin, Alan Cooper Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic The University of Adelaide: Digital Library Antarctic The Antarctic Austin Seymour ENVELOPE(-56.767,-56.767,-64.283,-64.283) Medina ENVELOPE(-66.233,-66.233,-68.453,-68.453) Bray ENVELOPE(-114.067,-114.067,-74.833,-74.833) Pablo ENVELOPE(-63.717,-63.717,-64.283,-64.283) Jeremy ENVELOPE(-68.838,-68.838,-69.402,-69.402) Bradshaw ENVELOPE(163.867,163.867,-71.467,-71.467) Corey ENVELOPE(-145.133,-145.133,-76.667,-76.667) Salas ENVELOPE(-58.417,-58.417,-63.550,-63.550) Duran ENVELOPE(142.909,142.909,59.493,59.493) Science Advances 2 6 e1501682 |