Epizootics in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina): clinical aspects
Epizootic diseases causing considerable mortality in harbour seal populations have mainly been reported from the waters of the United States and Europe. Such die-offs were largely attributable to viral infections. Several hundred individuals died from respiratory infections caused by Influenza A vir...
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ftunitroemsoe:oai:ojs.henry.ub.uit.no:article/2689 2023-05-15T16:33:36+02:00 Epizootics in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina): clinical aspects Siebert, Ursula Gulland, Frances Harder, Timm Jauniaux, Thierry Seibel, Henrike Wohlsein, Peter Baumgärtner, Wolfgang 2010-09-01 application/pdf https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/NAMMCOSP/article/view/2689 https://doi.org/10.7557/3.2689 eng eng Septentrio Academic Publishing https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/NAMMCOSP/article/view/2689/2541 https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/NAMMCOSP/article/view/2689 doi:10.7557/3.2689 Copyright (c) 2010 Ursula Siebert, Frances Gulland, Timm Harder, Thierry Jauniaux, Henrike Seibel, Peter Wohlsein, Wolfgang Baumgärtner http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ CC-BY NAMMCO Scientific Publications; Vol 8: Harbour seals in the North Atlantic and the Baltic; 265-274 2309-2491 1560-2206 10.7557/3.8 harbour seals epizootics Influenza A Phocine Distemper Virus PDV info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2010 ftunitroemsoe https://doi.org/10.7557/3.2689 https://doi.org/10.7557/3.8 2021-08-16T16:37:46Z Epizootic diseases causing considerable mortality in harbour seal populations have mainly been reported from the waters of the United States and Europe. Such die-offs were largely attributable to viral infections. Several hundred individuals died from respiratory infections caused by Influenza A viruses at the coast of New England, USA, in 1979, 1980 and 1982. More than 53,000 harbour seals were killed in European waters by Phocine Distemper Virus (PDV), a morbillivirus,in two outbreaks in 1988 and 2002. For several other epizootics of smaller scale in the waters of the Atlantic and Pacific coast of the USA and, most recently, in Danish and Swedish waters in 2007 the causes remain unclear, although characteristic respiratory symptoms and interstitial pneumonia suspicious of viral etiology were detected as well as occasionally bacterial infections caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mass mortalities caused by biotoxins, direct human interactions or changes in oceanographic conditions have so far not been described for harbour seals. However, high organochlorine loads detected in European harbour seal populations and suspected to impede immune functions, were considered an aggravating factor in the 1988 morbillivirus epizootic. Establishing supranational stranding networks is a key prerequisite for the detection of future unusual die-offs in marine mammals. Detailed post-mortem investigations of all organ systems are essential for targeted etiological studies towards the causes of mass mortalities in seals. Article in Journal/Newspaper harbour seal Phoca vitulina University of Tromsø: Septentrio Academic Publishing Pacific NAMMCO Scientific Publications 8 265 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Septentrio Academic Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftunitroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
harbour seals epizootics Influenza A Phocine Distemper Virus PDV |
spellingShingle |
harbour seals epizootics Influenza A Phocine Distemper Virus PDV Siebert, Ursula Gulland, Frances Harder, Timm Jauniaux, Thierry Seibel, Henrike Wohlsein, Peter Baumgärtner, Wolfgang Epizootics in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina): clinical aspects |
topic_facet |
harbour seals epizootics Influenza A Phocine Distemper Virus PDV |
description |
Epizootic diseases causing considerable mortality in harbour seal populations have mainly been reported from the waters of the United States and Europe. Such die-offs were largely attributable to viral infections. Several hundred individuals died from respiratory infections caused by Influenza A viruses at the coast of New England, USA, in 1979, 1980 and 1982. More than 53,000 harbour seals were killed in European waters by Phocine Distemper Virus (PDV), a morbillivirus,in two outbreaks in 1988 and 2002. For several other epizootics of smaller scale in the waters of the Atlantic and Pacific coast of the USA and, most recently, in Danish and Swedish waters in 2007 the causes remain unclear, although characteristic respiratory symptoms and interstitial pneumonia suspicious of viral etiology were detected as well as occasionally bacterial infections caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mass mortalities caused by biotoxins, direct human interactions or changes in oceanographic conditions have so far not been described for harbour seals. However, high organochlorine loads detected in European harbour seal populations and suspected to impede immune functions, were considered an aggravating factor in the 1988 morbillivirus epizootic. Establishing supranational stranding networks is a key prerequisite for the detection of future unusual die-offs in marine mammals. Detailed post-mortem investigations of all organ systems are essential for targeted etiological studies towards the causes of mass mortalities in seals. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Siebert, Ursula Gulland, Frances Harder, Timm Jauniaux, Thierry Seibel, Henrike Wohlsein, Peter Baumgärtner, Wolfgang |
author_facet |
Siebert, Ursula Gulland, Frances Harder, Timm Jauniaux, Thierry Seibel, Henrike Wohlsein, Peter Baumgärtner, Wolfgang |
author_sort |
Siebert, Ursula |
title |
Epizootics in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina): clinical aspects |
title_short |
Epizootics in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina): clinical aspects |
title_full |
Epizootics in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina): clinical aspects |
title_fullStr |
Epizootics in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina): clinical aspects |
title_full_unstemmed |
Epizootics in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina): clinical aspects |
title_sort |
epizootics in harbour seals (phoca vitulina): clinical aspects |
publisher |
Septentrio Academic Publishing |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/NAMMCOSP/article/view/2689 https://doi.org/10.7557/3.2689 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
harbour seal Phoca vitulina |
genre_facet |
harbour seal Phoca vitulina |
op_source |
NAMMCO Scientific Publications; Vol 8: Harbour seals in the North Atlantic and the Baltic; 265-274 2309-2491 1560-2206 10.7557/3.8 |
op_relation |
https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/NAMMCOSP/article/view/2689/2541 https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/NAMMCOSP/article/view/2689 doi:10.7557/3.2689 |
op_rights |
Copyright (c) 2010 Ursula Siebert, Frances Gulland, Timm Harder, Thierry Jauniaux, Henrike Seibel, Peter Wohlsein, Wolfgang Baumgärtner http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7557/3.2689 https://doi.org/10.7557/3.8 |
container_title |
NAMMCO Scientific Publications |
container_volume |
8 |
container_start_page |
265 |
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1766023279023226880 |