SPT-CL J0205-5829: A z = 1.32 Evolved massive galaxy cluster in the south pole telescope sunyaev-zel'dovich effect survey

• Published in: The Astrophysical Journal
• Main Authors: Stalder, B., Ruel, J., Šuhada, R., Brodwin, M., Aird, K. A., Andersson, K., Armstrong, R., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M., Bayliss, M., Bazin, G., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., De Haan, T., Desai, S., Dobbs, M. A., Dudley, J. P., Foley, R. J., Forman, W. R., George, E. M., Gettings, D., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N. L., High, F. W., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hoover, S., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Joy, M., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., McDonald, M., McMahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Montroy, T. E., Murray, S. S., Natoli, T., Nurgaliev, D., Padin, S., Plagge, T., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shaw, L., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Spieler, H. G., Stanford, S. A., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K., Stubbs, C. W., Van Engelen, A., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., Zenteno, A.
• Other Authors: Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: 2013
• Subjects: early universe; galaxies: clusters: individual (SPT-CL J0205?5829); galaxies: evolution; galaxies: Formation; large-scale structure of universe; Astronomy and Astrophysic; Space and Planetary Science; South Pole; South pole
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2963121; https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/763/2/93; http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/763/2/93/pdf/0004-637X_763_2_93.pdf

The galaxy cluster SPT-CL J0205−5829 currently has the highest spectroscopically confirmed redshift, z = 1.322, in the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SPT-SZ) survey. XMM-Newton observations measure a core-excluded temperature of TX = 8.7+1.0 −0.8 keV producing a mass estimate that is consistent with the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich-derived mass. The combined SZ and X-ray mass estimate of M500 = (4.8±0.8)×1014h−1 70 M makes it the most massive known SZ-selected galaxy cluster at z > 1.2 and the second most massive at z > 1. Using optical and infrared observations, we find that the brightest galaxies in SPT-CL J0205−5829 are already well evolved by the time the universe was <5 Gyr old, with stellar population ages >∼3 Gyr, and low rates of star formation (<0.5 M yr−1). We find that, despite the high redshift and mass, the existence of SPT-CL J0205−5829 is not surprising given a flat ΛCDM cosmology with Gaussian initial perturbations. The a priori chance of finding a cluster of similar rarity (or rarer) in a survey the size of the 2500 deg2 SPT-SZ survey is 69%.