Milton’s Paradise Lost: Previously Unrecognized Allusions to the Aurora Borealis, and a Solution to the Comet Conundrum in Book 2

This article reveals that John Milton employed an allusion to the aurora borealis in book 6 (79–83) of Paradise Lost, unrecognized in more than three centuries of scholarly analysis. Two other likely allusions, and one certain, to the aurora have also been identified. This research casts doubt on th...

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Published in:Renaissance and Reformation
Main Author: Cunningham, Clifford J.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Iter Press 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/renref/article/view/26541
https://doi.org/10.33137/rr.v39i1.26541
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spelling ftunitorontoojs:oai:jps.library.utoronto.ca:article/26541 2023-05-15T15:10:29+02:00 Milton’s Paradise Lost: Previously Unrecognized Allusions to the Aurora Borealis, and a Solution to the Comet Conundrum in Book 2 Cunningham, Clifford J. 2016-04-26 application/pdf https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/renref/article/view/26541 https://doi.org/10.33137/rr.v39i1.26541 eng eng Iter Press https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/renref/article/view/26541/19678 https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/renref/article/view/26541/19679 https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/renref/article/view/26541 doi:10.33137/rr.v39i1.26541 Copyright (c) 2016 Renaissance and Reformation / Renaissance et Réforme Renaissance and Reformation; Vol 39 No 1 (2016); 5-34 Renaissance et Réforme; Vol. 39 No 1 (2016); 5-34 2293-7374 0034-429X info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 2016 ftunitorontoojs https://doi.org/10.33137/rr.v39i1.26541 2020-12-01T10:27:40Z This article reveals that John Milton employed an allusion to the aurora borealis in book 6 (79–83) of Paradise Lost, unrecognized in more than three centuries of scholarly analysis. Two other likely allusions, and one certain, to the aurora have also been identified. This research casts doubt on the long-held belief, made popular by the astronomer Edmund Halley (1656–1742), that no notable aurora was visible in England in the seventeenth century. After examining an overlooked note by the English historian William Camden (1551–1623), this article explores the possibility that Milton actually saw an aurora. A solution is also presented here to the long-standing conundrum of the comet near the “Arctic” constellation Ophiuchus in book 2 (707–11) of Paradise Lost. Cet article révèle que John Milton fait allusion à une aurore boréale au sixième livre (79–83) de Paradise Lost, allusion qui est restée ignorée pendant plus de trois siècles de lectures savantes. Une autre allusion à une aurore boréale, ainsi que deux autres, probables, ont été identifiées. Cette recherche remet en question l’opinion tenue de longue date, et circulée par l’astronome Edmund Halley (1656–1742), qu’aucune véritable aurore boréale ne put être observée en Angleterre au dix-septième siècle. Grâce à l’analyse d’une note, longtemps négligée, de l’historien anglais William Camden (1551–1623), cet article explore la possibilité que Milton ait pu réellement observer une aurore boréale, ce qui pourrait alors résoudre l’énigme de la mention, au deuxième livre du Paradise Lost (707–711), d’une comète près de la constellation « arctique » Ophiuchus. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctique* Aurore boréale University of Toronto: Journal Publishing Services Arctic Milton ENVELOPE(-84.800,-84.800,-78.800,-78.800) Renaissance and Reformation 39 1 5 34
institution Open Polar
collection University of Toronto: Journal Publishing Services
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language English
description This article reveals that John Milton employed an allusion to the aurora borealis in book 6 (79–83) of Paradise Lost, unrecognized in more than three centuries of scholarly analysis. Two other likely allusions, and one certain, to the aurora have also been identified. This research casts doubt on the long-held belief, made popular by the astronomer Edmund Halley (1656–1742), that no notable aurora was visible in England in the seventeenth century. After examining an overlooked note by the English historian William Camden (1551–1623), this article explores the possibility that Milton actually saw an aurora. A solution is also presented here to the long-standing conundrum of the comet near the “Arctic” constellation Ophiuchus in book 2 (707–11) of Paradise Lost. Cet article révèle que John Milton fait allusion à une aurore boréale au sixième livre (79–83) de Paradise Lost, allusion qui est restée ignorée pendant plus de trois siècles de lectures savantes. Une autre allusion à une aurore boréale, ainsi que deux autres, probables, ont été identifiées. Cette recherche remet en question l’opinion tenue de longue date, et circulée par l’astronome Edmund Halley (1656–1742), qu’aucune véritable aurore boréale ne put être observée en Angleterre au dix-septième siècle. Grâce à l’analyse d’une note, longtemps négligée, de l’historien anglais William Camden (1551–1623), cet article explore la possibilité que Milton ait pu réellement observer une aurore boréale, ce qui pourrait alors résoudre l’énigme de la mention, au deuxième livre du Paradise Lost (707–711), d’une comète près de la constellation « arctique » Ophiuchus.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Cunningham, Clifford J.
spellingShingle Cunningham, Clifford J.
Milton’s Paradise Lost: Previously Unrecognized Allusions to the Aurora Borealis, and a Solution to the Comet Conundrum in Book 2
author_facet Cunningham, Clifford J.
author_sort Cunningham, Clifford J.
title Milton’s Paradise Lost: Previously Unrecognized Allusions to the Aurora Borealis, and a Solution to the Comet Conundrum in Book 2
title_short Milton’s Paradise Lost: Previously Unrecognized Allusions to the Aurora Borealis, and a Solution to the Comet Conundrum in Book 2
title_full Milton’s Paradise Lost: Previously Unrecognized Allusions to the Aurora Borealis, and a Solution to the Comet Conundrum in Book 2
title_fullStr Milton’s Paradise Lost: Previously Unrecognized Allusions to the Aurora Borealis, and a Solution to the Comet Conundrum in Book 2
title_full_unstemmed Milton’s Paradise Lost: Previously Unrecognized Allusions to the Aurora Borealis, and a Solution to the Comet Conundrum in Book 2
title_sort milton’s paradise lost: previously unrecognized allusions to the aurora borealis, and a solution to the comet conundrum in book 2
publisher Iter Press
publishDate 2016
url https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/renref/article/view/26541
https://doi.org/10.33137/rr.v39i1.26541
long_lat ENVELOPE(-84.800,-84.800,-78.800,-78.800)
geographic Arctic
Milton
geographic_facet Arctic
Milton
genre Arctic
Arctique*
Aurore boréale
genre_facet Arctic
Arctique*
Aurore boréale
op_source Renaissance and Reformation; Vol 39 No 1 (2016); 5-34
Renaissance et Réforme; Vol. 39 No 1 (2016); 5-34
2293-7374
0034-429X
op_relation https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/renref/article/view/26541/19678
https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/renref/article/view/26541/19679
https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/renref/article/view/26541
doi:10.33137/rr.v39i1.26541
op_rights Copyright (c) 2016 Renaissance and Reformation / Renaissance et Réforme
op_doi https://doi.org/10.33137/rr.v39i1.26541
container_title Renaissance and Reformation
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